猫气管肿块的回顾性研究
一校：郭嘉恩
二校：kenda
编辑：百可事乐
摘要
目的
该项多中心回顾性观察研究旨在描述猫气管肿块的临床表现、诊断方法、治疗和预后。
方法
研究纳入了5所学术机构或二级/三级动物医院的18只猫。
结果
患猫诊断时的中位年龄为10.7岁（平均9.5岁；范围1-17岁）。其中包括9只去势雄性、7只绝育雌性、1只未绝育雄性和1只未绝育雌性。14只（78%）家养短毛猫，1只（6%）阿比西尼亚猫，1只（6%）美国短毛猫，1只（6%）孟加拉猫，1只（6%）苏格兰折耳猫。最常见的症状包括慢性呼吸窘迫或呼吸困难（n=14），其次是喘息/作呕（n=12），咳嗽（n=5）和叫声改变（n=5）。16/18例涉及颈部气管，2例涉及胸内气管。可用以下方法诊断：超声引导下细针抽吸（UG-FNB）并做细胞学检查（n=8），支气管镜采样钳活检和组织病理学（n=5），外科切除和组织病理学（n=3），通过气管插管的钳子活检（n=1）和咳嗽出来的组织做组织病理学（n=1）。最常见的诊断是淋巴瘤（n=15），其次是腺癌（n=2）和鳞状细胞癌（n=1）。根据不同的方案，大多数淋巴瘤病例接受了化疗，有些加上放疗，记录了部分缓解（n=5）或完全缓解（n=8）的病例。患淋巴瘤猫的Kaplan-Meier生存数据显示，中位生存时间为214天（95%置信区间>149天），较其他类型肿瘤的生存时间（21天）显著延长。
结论与临床相关性
猫气管肿块最常见的诊断是淋巴瘤，对化疗联合或不联合放疗有良好的反应。使用了多种诊断方法，其中UG-FNB和细胞学是颈部气管病变的良好诊断方法。由于不同中心的治疗方案的多样性，无法比较患猫的预后。
原文：
Retrospective study of feline tracheal mass lesions
Abstract
Objectives
This multicentre, retrospective observational study aimed to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment and outcomes of cats with tracheal masses.
Methods
Eighteen cats from five academic or secondary/tertiary animal hospitals were included.
Results
The median age at diagnosis was 10.7 years (mean 9.5; range 1–17). There were nine castrated males, seven spayed females, one intact male and one intact female. Fourteen (78%) were domestic shorthairs, one (6%) was an Abyssinian, one (6%) was an American Shorthair, one (6%) was a Bengal and one (6%) was a Scottish Fold. The most common presenting complaints included chronic respiratory distress or dyspnoea (n = 14), followed by wheezing/gagging (n = 12), coughing (n = 5) and voice changes (n = 5). There was cervical tracheal involvement in 16/18, and two showed involvement of the intrathoracic trachea. The following methods were used for diagnosis: ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (UG-FNB) and cytology (n = 8), bronchoscopic forceps biopsy and histopathology (n = 5), surgical resection and histopathology (n = 3), forceps biopsy via an endotracheal tube (n = 1) and histology of tissue sputtered from a cough (n = 1). Lymphoma was most often diagnosed (n = 15), followed by adenocarcinoma (n = 2) and squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1). Most lymphoma cases received chemotherapy with or without radiation according to various protocols, and partial (n = 5) or complete responses (n = 8) were noted. Kaplan–Meier survival data for cats with lymphoma revealed a median survival time of 214 days (95% confidence interval >149 days), which was significantly longer than that of other types of tumours (21 days).
Conclusions and relevance
Lymphoma was the most prevalent diagnosis, and showed a good response to chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Various diagnostic procedures were performed, and UG-FNB and cytology are good diagnostic procedures for cervical tracheal lesions. Owing to the variety of treatment protocols at different centres, it was impossible to compare outcomes.
