猫双腔积液：回顾性分析病例特征、临床调查、诊断及结果
摘要来源：
https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X241227122
译员：深蓝猫猫侠
一校：郭嘉恩
二校：kenda
编辑：百可事乐
摘要
目的
本研究旨在描述在转诊中心就诊的双腔积液患猫的临床和诊断发现，以及结果。
方法
通过医疗记录鉴定出双腔积液的患猫，并记录了它们的病史、体检发现、临床病理数据、影像诊断发现、双腔积液的病因（心脏病、肿瘤、传染病、无菌性炎症、严重低白蛋白血症、创伤、凝血病或‘未明确诊断’）及结果。进行Cox回归分析，以识别猫双腔积液死亡的独立预测因子。生成Kaplan-Meier曲线进行生存分析。
结果
共有103只带有双腔积液的猫被纳入。肿瘤和心脏病是双腔积液最常见的病因，分别有21只（20.4%）和20只（19.4%）猫，其次是传染病（n=11, 10.7%）、创伤（n=13, 12.6%）、低白蛋白血症（n=6, 5.8%）、无菌性炎症（n=4, 3.9%）和凝血病（n=1, 1.0%）。所有带有双腔积液的猫的中位生存时间为3天。肿瘤病因的猫的死亡风险比其他非肿瘤病因的猫高2.03倍。在多变量Cox回归模型中，肿瘤（P=0.030）和纯种猫状态（P=0.016）是死亡的独立预测因子。
结论与相关性
本研究突出重点是，猫的双腔积液的预后通常为谨慎到不佳，特别是如果肿瘤是潜在病因或猫是纯种猫。心脏病似乎与更好的预后相关，这表明在评估带有双腔积液的猫时，应早期考虑对充血性心力衰竭的评估。与本研究所述的历史病例相比，由于新型抗病毒药物的出现，猫传染性腹膜炎的预后可能会显著改善。
原文：
Bicavitary effusion in cats: retrospective analysis of signalment, clinical investigations, diagnosis and outcome
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and diagnostic findings and outcome of cats with bicavitary effusion presenting to a referral centre.
Methods
Medical records of cats presenting with bicavitary effusion were identified and their history, physical examination findings, clinicopathological data, diagnostic imaging findings, aetiology of bicavitary effusions (cardiac disease, neoplasia, infectious disease, sterile inflammatory disease, severe hypoalbuminaemia, trauma, coagulopathy or ‘open’ if no definitive diagnosis was reached) and outcome were recorded. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of death in cats with bicavitary effusion. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated for survival analysis.
Results
In total, 103 cats with bicavitary effusion were included. Neoplasia and cardiac disease were the most common aetiologies of bicavitary effusion, in 21 (20.4%) and 20 (19.4%) cats, respectively, followed by infectious disease (n = 11, 10.7%), trauma (n = 13, 12.6%), hypoalbuminaemia (n = 6, 5.8%), sterile inflammatory disease (n = 4, 3.9%) and coagulopathy (n = 1, 1.0%). The median survival time for all cats with bicavitary effusion was 3 days. Cats with a neoplastic aetiology had a 2.03 times greater risk of death compared with cats in which no diagnosis was achieved. Neoplasia (P = 0.030) and pedigree breed status (P = 0.016) were independent predictors of death in the multivariable Cox regression model.
Conclusions and relevance
This study highlights that bicavitary effusions in cats generally carry a guarded to poor prognosis, particularly if neoplasia is the underlying aetiology or if the cat is a pedigree breed. Cardiac disease appeared to be associated with a better prognosis, suggesting that assessment for congestive heart failure should be considered early when evaluating cats with bicavitary effusion. The prognosis for cats with feline infectious peritonitis is likely to be markedly improved by the advent of novel antiviral drugs, compared with the historical cohort of cats presented here.
