阳普医疗真空采血管核心技术:仿生膜内壁处理技术

健康   健康   2024-10-25 18:02   广东  


引言

血液相容性高分子材料(Blood Compatibility of polymer materials)是指高分子材料与血液接触时,不引起凝血及血小板粘附凝聚,没有破坏血液中有形成分的溶血现象。要判断材料的血液相容性,通常是从其抗凝血能力和不损伤血液成分功能两方面来评价[1-5]


血液相容性高分子材料应用简介

01

体外循环血液接触管

CPB(Cardiopulmonary bypass),即体外循环,是指应用人工管道将人体大血管与人工心肺机连接,从静脉系统引出静脉血,并在体外氧合,再经血泵将氧合血输回动脉系统的全过程,主要应用于心脏、大血管手术。为了避免人工管路与血液接触导致血液产生各种应激反应,引发凝血,导致医疗器械的闭塞和栓塞,科研人员不断在传统肝素涂层的基础上,研发出新型表面涂层使材料表面生物相容性得到了不断提高[6,7]


02

人工高分子植入物

植入物(im plantable medical devices)是放置于外科操作造成的或者生理存在的体腔中、留存时间>30天的可植入型物品。它广泛应用于组织粘合、手工敷料、软组织植入物、人工管型器等。人工高分子植入物,尤其是作为心血管系统中长期使用的生物材料,其血液相容性同样是影响植入物正常工作的重要特性,科研人员在高分子基质的基础上通过辐射改性[8]、生物涂层[9-17]等方法,不断提高植入物表面的血液相容性。


03

采血管仿生膜内壁处理

采血管材料主要为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET),为了提高PET的血液相容性,科研人员采用大豆卵磷脂[18]、PEG[19]、ABG[20]等原料对其表面进行改性处理。

图片来源nobelusuniversity.com


      IMPROVACUTER®一次性使用真空采血管主要成分为PET,试管内壁均匀涂布硅酮,使其生物学性质酷似人体血管内壁,确保血液标本与管壁及胶塞分离,仿生膜成败关键在于制膜的完整性和致密性,完整致密的仿生膜才能有效防止血小板的粘附和血细胞的破坏,而且避免凝血试验中凝血因子被塑料或玻璃表面激活。




参考文献


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阳普医疗
标本专家、检验专家、护理专家/呼吸道疾病防护及呼吸道健康管理专家
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