​高考英语主题语境30：科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全——科技发展

主题语境30：

科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全——科技发展

先记牢——主题词汇有空就记

[常见单词]

1．altogetheradv.①总共；一共(in all/in total)

②总的说来(all in all)　③完全地

2．aluminiumn．　[U]铝

3．approachvt. & vi.(距离上)靠近(near)；(时间上)临近；(数量上)接近n．①[U]靠近；接近　②通道；道路

③(处理……的)方法；(达到……的)途径

►adopt a different approach to sth.          采取不同的途径解决某事

4．arbitrary adj.                                     专横的；武断的；任意的

5．breakthroughn.                                 [C]突破；重大进展

6．chorusn.                                           [C]合唱；合唱队；齐声

7．clonen.                                             克隆；克隆体

8．conservativeadj.                                保守的；守旧的

9．constitutionn.                                    宪法；章程；体质；体格

10．comprehensiveadj.全面的；综合性的n．[C]综合中学

11．compulsoryadj.                                强制的；必须做的；义务的

12．differentadj.①有差异的；不同的　②各种的

►differently adv.                                    不同地

13．drawback n.                                     [C]缺点；不利条件

14．evolvevt. & vi.                                  (使)进化；(使)逐步形成

15．evolutionn.                                       [U]进化；发展；演变

16．exactadj.精确的；准确的；严谨的(precise)

►to be exact                                           确切地说

17．fate n．[U]命运[C]命中注定的事(尤指不好的事)

18．flowvi.①(液体、气体、电等)流动；流出　②流逝；流畅；流淌 n．流；流动

19．formn．[C]①形状；外形；体型　②形式；形态　③类型；种类　④表格；格式　⑤[语法]形式；词形

v．①vi. &vt.(使)形成；建立；构成　②vt.起……作用；塑造(性格等)

►formation n.                                        形成(物)；组成(物)

20．initial adj.最初的

21．limitn．[C]①界限；边界　②限度；限制　③极限

vt.限制；限定

①in the city limits　　　                          在市区内

②within limits                                        在某种范围内；适度地

③a time/speed limit                                时间/速度限制

④limit ...to                                             将……限制在(某范围内)

⑤limitation n.                                        限制；局限

⑥limitless adj.                                        无限(制)的

22．limitedadj.                                       有限的；不多的

23．median．[medium的复数，与the连用]新闻媒体；传媒

24．merelyadv.                                      仅仅；只不过(only/simply)

25．operan.                                           歌剧

①go to the opera　　　                         去听歌剧

②soap opera                                          肥皂剧

26．pressvt. & vi.①压；按；挤；推　②催促；逼迫

n．①压；按；挤；推　②出版社；印刷厂

③[与the连用]新闻界；报刊；新闻媒体

27．reasonableadj.①有道理的；合情理的(反义unreasonable)　②(价钱)公道的　③[常用于名词前]尚好的；过得去的

►reasonably adv.                                    有理地；合理地

28．retire vi. & vt.                                   (使)退休；(使)隐退

①retired adj.　　　　　                          退休的

②retirement n.                                       退休

29．resistancen.                                     [U]反抗；抵制

30．requirevt.                                        需要；要求

①require doing/to be done 　                  需要做……

②require that ...(should ) do sth. ...            要求……做某事

③requirement n.                                    [C]需要；要求；必需品

31．suggestvt.①建议；提议；提出　②推荐(recommend)

③表明；暗示(indicate)

①suggest doing sth.　                              建议做某事

②suggest (that) ...(should) do sth.              建议……做某事

32．suggestionn.                                    ①[C]建议　②暗示；迹象

33．technologyn.                                   [U]科技；工艺学；工程学

①technological adj.　                               技术性；技术上的

②technologically adj.                              技术上地

③technique n.                                        技术；方法；手段

34．unableadj.                                       不能的；不会的

35．vainadj.                                           徒劳的；自负的

[常用词块]

1．object to　　　　　　　　　              反对；不赞成

2．pay off                                               得到好结果；取得成功；偿清

3．in vain                                               白费力气；枉费心机

4．in favour of                                        赞成；支持

5．from time to time                               不时；偶尔

6．bring back to life                               使复生；使复活

7．cast down                                          使失望；使沮丧

8．(be) bound to (do) ...                          一定或注定(做)……

9．strike ...into one's heart                      使……刻骨铭心

10．browse web pages                            浏览网页

11．catch on                                   学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；                                                                       被接受

12．lay off                                              解雇；裁员；停止

13．get into                                            陷入；染上(坏习惯)

14．take risks (a risk)                             冒险

15．with the popularity of the Internet     随着网络的普及

再练清——常用词汇挤时就练

一、单词拼写(根据提示写出单词)

1．With medical breakthroughs (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.

2．As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world.

3．If you are unable (不能的) to obtain the information you require, consult your telephone directory.

4．Babies can sense whether an adult is happy or not merely (仅仅) on the basis of clues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.

5．He believes that the study of history should be compulsory (强制性的) in school.

6．A good judge should try to be fair not to make arbitrary (武断的) decisions.

7．Acomprehensive (全面的) eye exam will determine which, if any, of these conditions apply to you.

8．The girl was well dressed, as usual, though in a more conservative (保守的) style.

9．Students played the main parts and sang in the chorus (合唱队)．

10．He was ready to declare everything about the scandal to the_media (媒体).

二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)

1．In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different (differ) from that in the UK.

2．They get paid twice as much as I do, but the job is exactly (exact) the same as mine.

3．“That would be a very reasonable (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours.” Nick said.

4．We assumed that we would meet a certain amount of resistance (resist) to our plan.

5．Thanks to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure (press) can live an active life .

6．All the talk was about the limitation (limit) of nuclear weapons.

7．We have an excellent retirement (retire) plan and medical insurance as well.

8．They are, actually, the source of progress and evolution (evolute)．

三、固定搭配(在空格处填1个适当的单词)

1．His hard work paid off when he won the prize.

2．The people who objected to cloning human beings went on strike and held up the traffic.

3．Everyone in the class voted in favour of the dancing party.

4．I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.

5．I think by doing so he was trying to strike terror into your heart.

6．In making scientific experiments, we should not be cast down by temporary setbacks.

7．Mothers catch on to what their children think about.

8．If business continues to be slow, we will have to lay off some workers.

9．My father died last year. I wish I could bring him back to life.

10．Tell us why you need such a habit and how you plan to get into the habit.

四、形变动词(用所给动词的正确形式填空)

1．She is overweight, but she can't resist_eating_(eat) more delicious food.

2．Jimhas_retired (retire), but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.

3．Abraham Lincoln only received a_limited (limit) education during his childhood.

4．As autumn approached (approach), the plants and colours in the garden changed.

5．All students who are willing to take part in the competition are_required(require) to be present at the school meeting.

6．A dishonest person is bound to_meet (meet) with setbacks sooner or later.

五、熟词生义(写出画线部分在具体语境中的含义)

1．press (熟义：v.按；压；推)

Pressedby my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity        .vt.催促；逼迫

2．flow (熟义：v.流动；流淌)

Good news of breakthroughs in science in recent years have flowed in from all over China.

vi.不断涌入/传来

六、单句写作(依据汉语提示补全句子)

1．他们反对乘公共汽车去那儿，因为那样会花费很长时间。(object)

They objected_to_going_there_by_busbecause it would take a long time.

2．最让他沮丧的是没人花时间告诉他更改了的时间表。(bother)

What upset him most was that nobody had_bothered_to_tell_himabout the changed timetable.

3．我突然想起家中没有人。(strike)

It_struck_me_thatthere was no one at home.

4．当她最终获得奥运金牌的时候，那位运动员多年的艰苦训练得到了回报。(pay off)

The_athlete's_years_of_hard_training_paid_offwhen she finally won the Olympic gold medal.

5．抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)

A disadvantage of copying others' homework is that_you_can_not_master_what_you_have_

learned.

6．关于克隆实验是否应该被允许的问题也存在着激烈的争论。

There is also a fierce debate over the question whether_cloning_experiments_should_be_

allowed.

7．更重要的是，如果克隆技术被邪恶的领导人利用，那将是非常危险的。

What's more, if the_technology_of_cloning_is_taken_advantage_ofby evil leaders, it will be very dangerous.

8．克隆将极大地造福人类，但在它可以用来克隆人类之前还有很长的路要走，因为有很多问题有待解决。

Cloning will greatly benefit humans, but there is a long way to go before it can be used to clone humans as there_are_a_lot_of_problems_remaining_to_be_solved.

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