美国的管制员同事给咱们提供了一个“不安全事件”的案例，咱们来一起看看
一切都从一个 RA 告警开始
视频来自：VISAviation
UAL1724: United 1724 responding to an RA.
UAL1724 正在响应 RA
DAL1070: And Delta 1070 is responding to a TA and RA.
DAL1070 正在响应 TA 和 RA
（一般也会说 TCAS climb/ descent，这样管制员可以知道飞行员采取的动作。不管怎么说，收到 RA 的报告，管制员就不能再发指令了，但是可以进行活动通播）APP: Delta 1070 heavy… roger.
Delta 1070 重型……收到
APP: UPS1724, thank you. Let me know when you are done and the traffic is beneath you, a heavy B7- I’m sorry, heavy Airbus.
UPS1724，谢谢。完成时请告诉我，活动在您下方，是一架重型 B7 ——抱歉，是重型空客飞机
UAL1724: United 1724 is responding to an RA.
UAL1724 正在响应 RA
APP: United 1724, roger, do you want to be resequenced?
United 1724，收到，您想重新排序吗？
(resequenced 重新排序。就是中断进近，管制员指挥重新加入进近序列。
这里管制员有一个明显的口误，就是把 United 读成了 UPS，这是有原因的，来看看 RA 之前的情况)
视频来自：VISAviation
都是基本的通话，就不赘述了，主要分析一下事件
背景
事发时，管制员频率里一共有 5 架飞机，全部都是来落地的
其中，UAL1724 已经建立了跑道 7R的五边，DAL1070 由管制员引导 170° 航向，在跑道 8 的四边上，两架飞机是汇聚飞行结果
ADS-B 数据显示，间隔最小的时候，两机垂直间隔 400 英尺, 水平间隔 1.2 海里
当时该机场进行的是目视进近，FAA 相关规定为（不想看就直接往后滑）：
Parallel runways separated by 4,300 feet or more. (a) When aircraft are approaching from opposite base legs, or one aircraft is turning to final and another aircraft is established on the extended centerline for the adjacent runway, approved separation is provided until the aircraft are: (1) Assigned a heading or established on a direct course to a fix or cleared on an RNAV/instrument approach procedure which will intercept the extended centerline of the runway at an angle not greater than 30 degrees, and, (2) One of the aircraft has been issued and the pilot has acknowledged receipt of the visual approach clearance. (b) When aircraft are approaching from the same side of the airport and the lead aircraft is assigned the nearer runway, approved separation is maintained or pilot−applied visual separation is provided by the succeeding aircraft until intercepting the farther adjacent extended runway centerline. (c) Provided that aircraft flight paths do not intersect, when the provisions of subparagraphs (a), (b), or (d) are met, it is not necessary to apply any other type of separation with aircraft on the adjacent extended runway centerline. (d) When aircraft are approaching from the same side of the airport and the lead aircraft is assigned the farther runway, the succeeding aircraft must be assigned a heading that will intercept the extended centerline of the nearer runway at an angle not greater than 30 degrees. Approved separation must be maintained or pilot−applied visual separation must be provided by the succeeding aircraft until it is established on the extended centerline of the nearer runway.简单点说，就是虽然是目视进近，但是一架飞机在航道上，一架飞机还没有以不大于 30° 夹角的航迹切入相邻跑道五边，管制员应该给这两架飞机配备标准的间隔，显然最后的结果是不满足间隔的，从过程上看管制差错肯定是没跑了，美国 NTSB 已经开始调查显然，管制员的指挥意图肯定是在小于间隔之前让 DAL1070 切向五边（这也是目视进近惯用的指挥方法，包括国内也是），但是和其他机组的通话分散了管制员对注意力，导致遗忘了飞行动态，迟迟没有给 DAL1070 发转弯指令，等到发现的时候，已经太晚了指挥最后进近的扇区比较特殊，指令很多而且时效性要求非常高，管制员在指挥的时候，分清通话的优先级非常重要，当时这种情况，给 DAL1070 的指令是明显要优先于其它指令的。另外建议飞行员们在类似的繁忙扇区飞行的时候，通话也尽量简短一些，这样可以给管制员减少一些不必要的麻烦比如这个事件中班，RA 之前，UPS9872 的这句：Okay, yeah, we just changed it to runway 8 cause it was just kinda taking too long. Is there any chance we can just do 8 now?后面的三分之二都是没什么意义的，其实就一句 request runway 8 就可以了
That`s all for today
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