刮宫术（D&C）丨医学英语视听学习

Dilation and Curettage (D & C)

刮宫术（D&C）

Your doctor will perform a dilation and curettage, also known as a D&C to remove tissue from the inside of your uterus. The uterus is a muscular reproductive organ in your lower abdomen. 

医生将行刮宫术（D&C）刮取子宫内的组织。子宫是位于下腹部的一种肌肉生殖器官。

The lower part of the uterus called the cervix connects the vagina to the uterus. 

子宫下部称为子宫颈，子宫颈连接阴道和子宫。

A diagnostic D&C may be performed to investigate the cause of the following conditions: 

诊断性刮宫术用于检查以下疾病的病因：

• abnormal or heavy bleeding;

• 异常或大量出血

• severe menstrual pain;

• 严重经期疼痛

• difficulty becoming pregnant;

• 怀孕困难

• or abnormal cells found in a Pap smear. 

• 或者Pap涂片见异常细胞。

A therapeutic D&C may be performed to treat certain uterine conditions such as 

治疗性刮宫术用于治疗某些子宫疾病，如

• excessive bleeding after birth from remnants of the placenta;

• 胎盘残留引起的产后大出血

  
  

• cervical or uterine polyps;

• 宫颈或子宫息肉

• fibroid tumors which are benign tumors formed on the uterine wall;

• 子宫肌瘤（子宫壁上形成的良性肿瘤）

  
  

• and incomplete miscarriage or abortion in which parts of the embryo or fetus or associated tissues remain in the uterus.

• 以及不完全流产或堕胎（部分胚胎或胎儿，或者相关组织残留在子宫内）。

Your doctor may want to begin the dilation process the day before your procedure. 

术前一日，医生可能开始扩张过程：

If so your doctor will place a softening medication or a thin rod called a laminaria into your cervix. The laminaria slowly expands by absorbing fluid from your cervix, causing your cervix to open.

给予患者软化宫颈的药物，或者置入宫颈扩张棒（昆布条）。扩张棒不断吸收宫颈内的液体，缓慢扩张宫颈，使其打开。

During the procedure, you will lie on your back with your legs placed in stirrups as you would for a standard pelvic exam. 

手术期间，患者仰卧，双腿放在马镫内（参见标准盆腔检查体位）。

You will receive local or general anesthesia. Your doctor will insert a speculum into your vagina which widens the vaginal canal, so the cervix can be seen. 

患者将接受局部麻醉或全身麻醉。医生将扩张器插入患者的阴道，扩张阴道管，显露宫颈。

During dilation, your doctor will insert a series of smooth rods into the cervical opening. Each rod will be replaced with a slightly thicker rod, thereby slowly widening or dilating the cervical opening. So the inside of the uterus can be accessed. 

扩张期间，医生将一系列光滑的扩张棒插入宫颈口，逐步使用稍粗的棒替代前一种棒，从而缓慢增宽或扩张宫颈口，进入子宫内部。

Once the cervix has been expanded to about six to nine millimeters, your doctor may perform a hysteroscopy, a procedure in which a small light and camera are used to examine the inside of the uterus for abnormal areas.

宫颈扩张到约 6~9 mm时，医生立即行宫腔镜检查，即使用一种带有灯和摄像机的设备，检查子宫内部的异常区域。

Next your doctor will perform curettage which is the surgical removal of part or all of the uterine lining called the endometrium. 

接下来，医生将行刮宫术，即手术刮取部分或全部子宫内膜。

During curettage, a surgical tool called a curette will be inserted to remove tissue by scraping or suction. 

刮宫期间，插入刮匙，刮取或抽吸组织。

If you are having a diagnostic D&C, your doctor will remove only a small sample of the endometrium and send it to a lab to test for various conditions. 

行诊断性刮宫术时，医生仅刮取少部分子宫内膜样本，并将其送入实验室检查各种疾病。

If you are having a therapeutic D&C, your doctor will remove the entire contents of the uterus to treat a known uterine condition.

如果是治疗性刮宫，医生将刮取全部子宫内容物，来治疗某种已知的子宫疾病。

After the procedure, you will be monitored in the recovery room for a few hours before you can go home. To prevent infection do not have sexual intercourse or use tampons for about two weeks or until your doctor says it is safe to do so. 

术后，出院前，患者将在康复室被监测数小时。此后约2周内，或在医生许可前，为预防感染，禁止性交或使用卫生棉条。

Since your uterus will need to generate a new lining, your next menstrual period may not occur at the regular time.

由于子宫需要生成新的内膜，因此下一次经期可能不规律。