阴道避孕海绵丨医学英语视听学习

Vaginal Sponge

阴道避孕海绵

A woman's reproductive system includes the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. 

女性的生殖系统包括阴道、宫颈、子宫、输卵管和卵巢。

During vaginal sex between a man and a woman, semen passes out of the man's penis into the woman's vagina in a process called ejaculation. Semen contains tens of millions of sperm. From the vagina, sperm can pass through the cervix, uterus and fallopian tubes to fertilize an egg from the woman's body. Fertilization of the egg marks the beginning of human development.

男女阴道性交期间，精液从男性的阴茎流入女性的阴道，这一过程称为射精。精液中含有数千万精子。精子从阴道穿过宫颈、子宫和输卵管，使卵子受精。卵子受精标志着人类发育的开始。

A birth control sponge is a temporary method for women to prevent pregnancy, also known as birth control or contraception. The sponge is made of soft foam. It has a dimple on one side and a short cotton loop attached. 

避孕海绵是女性预防怀孕，也称节育或避孕的临时方法。海绵是由柔软的泡棉制成的。它的一侧有凹陷，附有短棉环状带子。

The sponge prevents pregnancy in two ways. First, the sponge covers the woman's cervix to prevent sperm in the man's semen from answering her uterus. Second, the sponge contains a substance called spermicide that kills sperm. 

海绵通过两种方式避孕。首先，海绵覆盖女性的宫颈，防止精液中的精子进入子宫。其次，海绵中含有一种称为杀精剂的物质，可以杀死精子。

Birth control sponges are widely available without a prescription. To use a sponge, wash your hands and remove it from its package. Wet the sponge completely with clean water. Squeeze the wet sponge a few times to activate the spermicide inside the sponge. 

避孕海绵无需处方，可广泛可用。使用海绵时，应清洗双手，将其从包装中取出；用清水完全湿润海绵；多次挤压湿海绵，激活海绵内的杀精剂。

Next, hold the sponge with the dimple side facing up, and fold the sponge upward. With the loop hanging down, insert the folded sponge into the vagina. Push the sponge as far into the vagina as it will go with one or two fingers. 

接下来，将凹陷面朝上，向上折叠海绵；使带子下垂，将折叠的海绵插入阴道；用 1 或 2 个手指将海绵尽可能推入阴道深处。

When the sponge is released, it will unfold and cover the cervix. Check with your fingers to make sure the cervix is completely covered by the sponge and the loop hangs down in the vagina. A woman can have sex right away, or up to 24 hours after inserting the sponge. 

释放海绵时，它会展开，覆盖宫颈。用手指检查，确保海绵完全覆盖宫颈，环带垂在阴道内。此时，可以立即开始性交，或者在置入海绵 24 小时后进行。

Do not leave the sponge in place for more than 30 hours. To remove it, insert a finger into the vagina to find the sponge's loop. Poke a finger in the loop and pull down slowly and gently. After removing the sponge, throw it in the trash. 

使用时间应不超过 30 个小时。取出时，将手指插入阴道，找到海绵环带。将手指探入环带，然后慢慢地、轻轻地向下拉。取出海绵后，将其扔进垃圾桶。

A birth control sponge is about 90% effective at preventing pregnancy if a woman uses the sponge correctly every time she has sex. This means about 10 out of 100 women will become pregnant each year. 

如果每次都正确使用海绵，则避孕效果约为 90%。这表示，女性的年怀孕率约为 10/100。

Sponges are about 85% effective with typical use, which means about 15 out of 100 women will become pregnant if they don't always use a sponge or don't always use it correctly every time they have sex. Using the sponge does not protect either sexual partner from getting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.

特殊使用海绵时的避孕率约为 85%，即如果不使用海绵或每次都不正确使用海绵，女性的怀孕率约为 15/100。使用海绵并不能保护任何性伴侣感染性传播疾病，包括HIV。