背景介绍：
泰国于6月18日迎来历史性时刻，参议院通过全面婚姻平等法案，有望成为东南亚首个同性婚姻合法化国家。这一变革得益于社会接受度的提升、宗教宽容及政治意愿的推动。尽管泰国社会仍存保守势力，但约60%的民众支持同性婚姻，为亚洲最高。然而，政治局势复杂，前进党因挑战君主法而面临解散危机，其同性恋议员图尼亚瓦特正是同性婚姻法案的最初倡导者。这一胜利虽大，但民主进程仍面临挑战。
Thailand
legalises same-sex marriage
泰国实现同性婚姻合法化
It comes at a time when other freedoms are being curbed
此举正值其他自由受到压制之际
On June 18th government bigwigs, LGBT activists and stars of popular Thai television shows about gay love partied on the lawn in front of the prime minister’s offices in Bangkok.
6月18日，泰国政府高层、LGBT 活动家以及热门同性恋电视节目的明星们齐聚曼谷总理办公室前的草坪，共同庆祝一个里程碑式的时刻。
Hours earlier the Thai senate voted through a sweeping marriage-equality bill. Thailand will soon be the first South-East Asian country to legalise same-sex marriage.
几个小时前，泰国参议院投票通过了一项全面的婚姻平等法案，标志着泰国即将成为东南亚首个将同性婚姻合法化的国家。
The attendees, some of whom left the party in a motorcade of rainbow tuk-tuks, helped bring about comprehensive legislation. In Thailand’s civil code marriage will be described as a pact between two persons, rather than a man and a woman.
庆祝活动中，一些参与者乘坐装饰着彩虹的嘟嘟车离开，他们正是推动这项全面立法的重要力量。根据新法案，泰国的民法典将婚姻定义为两个人之间的契约，而非仅限于一男一女之间。
Married LGBT couples will also get inheritance and adoption rights. The Thai king is expected to endorse the bill soon; it becomes law 120 days later.
已婚的LGBT伴侣还将享有继承权和收养权。预计泰国国王将很快批准这项法案，120天后，它将正式成为法律。
LGBT couples across Asia hope the Thai bill accelerates acceptance in their own countries. Some are making strides towards pride.
亚洲各地的 LGBT 伴侣都寄希望于泰国的这项法案，希望它能加速自己国家对于同性婚姻的接受度。有些国家正在向骄傲迈进。
Australia, New Zealand, Nepal and Taiwan have legalised same-sex marriage in the past decade or so. India, Hong Kong and Singapore have repealed colonial-era laws criminalising gay sex. But regional progress is uneven and often slow.
在过去大约十年时间里，澳大利亚、新西兰、尼泊尔和中国台湾已经实现了同性婚姻的合法化。同时，印度、中国香港和新加坡也废除了将同性性行为定为刑事犯罪的殖民时代法律。然而，各地区的进展并不均衡，且往往进程缓慢。
Thailand’s bill passed for several reasons. Most were on show at the celebration. First is social acceptance, which is boosted in Thailand by activists, social-media influencers and TV dramas about gay romance dubbed “Boys’ Love”.
泰国法案的通过得益于多个因素，其中大部分都在庆典上得到了体现。首先是社会接受度的提高，这得益于活动家、社交媒体影响者以及以同性恋浪漫为主题的电视剧“男孩之爱”的推动。
Much of Thai society is conservative and discrimination persists. But some 60% of people support same-sex marriage, among the highest shares in Asia, according to Pew Research Centre, a pollster.
尽管泰国社会总体上仍然保守，歧视现象依然存在，但根据民意调查机构皮尤研究中心的数据，约有60%的人支持同性婚姻，这一比例在亚洲地区是最高的。
Religious tolerance helps. Buddhism, dominant in Thailand, does not prohibit same-sex relationships. In Indonesia, however, conservative Muslim groups are powerful and oppose marriage equality. In South Korea and Singapore, social conservatism is reinforced by influential evangelical Christian lobbies.
宗教宽容也对此起到了积极作用。在泰国占主导地位的佛教并不禁止同性关系。然而，在印度尼西亚，保守的穆斯林团体势力强大，反对婚姻平等；在韩国和新加坡，有影响力的福音派基督教游说团体则强化了社会保守主义。
Political will was crucial. Previous Thai governments considered legalising civil partnerships rather than same-sex marriage. But the new bill, an amalgam of proposals including one each from the ruling Pheu Thai party and the liberal Move Forward Party (MFP), had strong bipartisan support.
政治意愿同样至关重要。前几届泰国政府曾考虑过将民事伴侣关系（而非同性婚姻）合法化，但新的法案是多项提案的合并，包括执政的为泰党和自由的前进党各自提出的一项提案，并得到了两党的强烈支持。
Both parties campaigned for marriage equality during last year’s election. Srettha Thavisin, who took office in September, recently became the first Thai prime minister to march at Bangkok Pride. Most Thai MPs and army-appointed senators backed the bill.
在去年大选期间，两党都将婚姻平等作为竞选议题。去年9月上任的斯瑞塔·他维信总理最近成为首位参加曼谷骄傲游行的泰国总理。大多数泰国国会议员和军方任命的参议员都支持这项法案。
On the same day as the celebration, however, Thailand’s Constitutional Court said it would consider a case to disband the MFP over its campaign to reform the country’s lèse-majestélaws, which forbid criticism of the powerful royals.
然而，就在庆祝活动当天，泰国宪法法院表示将考虑一起解散前进党的案件。该党因发起改革泰国《君主法》的运动而面临解散风险，该法禁止批评强大的王室。
The party won last year’s election, but conservatives helped block it from taking power. Move Forward MPs have been sentenced to lengthy jail terms. The army-backed establishment appears intent on shutting down democratic representation, even as Thailand’s social liberals celebrate a big win.
尽管前进党在去年大选中获胜，但保守派阻止了其上台，该党议员们也被判处长期监禁。军方支持的当权派似乎有意取消民主代表制，尽管泰国的社会自由主义者正在庆祝这一重大胜利。
Tunyawat Kamolwongwat, a gay Move Forward MP, first proposed a same-sex marriage bill to Thailand’s parliament in June 2020. Four years later, his party faces dissolution.
值得注意的是，前进党的同性恋议员图尼亚瓦特·卡莫尔旺瓦特正是在2020年6月首次向泰国议会提出了同性婚姻法案。四年后，他的政党却面临解散的风险。
