一、目录结构
2.4 取原状样 Undisturbed Soil Sampling
2.5 立管孔压计 Standpipe Piezometer
2.6 旁压试验 Pressuremeter Tests
2.7 抽水试验 Pumping Test
2.8 波速测试 P-S Logging
2.9 地下水位监测 Groundwater Level Monitoring
第三章 室内试验 LABORATORY TESTS
3.1 试验安排 Program of Laboratory Tests
3.2 物性试验 Index Property Tests
3.3 强度试验 Strength Property Tests
3.3.1 三轴CU试验 Simple Triaxial Consolidated-Undrained Tests
3.3.2 三轴CU试验(测孔压)Triaxial Consolidated-Undrained Tests with Pore Pressure Measurement
3.3.3 一维固结试验 One Dimensional Consolidation Tests
3.4 水土腐蚀性测试 Chemical Tests
第四章 场地地质条件分析 DISCUSSION ON GROUND CONDITIONS
4.1 场地条件 Site Condition
4.2 区域地质背景 Geological Setting around the Site
4.3 地层岩性 Ground Conditions
4.4 土体工程性质 Engineering Properties of Subsoil
4.5 地下水 Groundwater Condition
4.6 腐蚀性评价 Chemical Properties
4.7 场地土类别划分 Ground Classification
附件 Appendices
附件A 现场勘察方法 Description of Field Work Methods
附件B 钻探记录 Drilling Logs
附件C 地下水监测 Groundwater Monitoring
附件D 土工试验成果 Results of Laboratory Soil Tests
附件E 旁压试验成果 Results of Pressuremeter Tests
附件F 抽水试验成果 Results of Pumping Test
附件G 波速试验成果 Results of Downhole PS Logging
附件H 照片集 Photographs
附件I 场地地层分析补充参考 Aids for Engineering Interpretation of Ground Condition
附件J 场地土类型分类 Ground Classification
附件K 勘察平面图 Topographic Map
二、采用标准
ASTM D2113 (Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation岩石取样) ASTM D1586 (Standard Penetration Testing (SPT) and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils标准贯入试验) ASTM D1587 (Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Fine-Grained Soils for Geotechnical Purposes薄壁取样) ASTM D2488 (Description and Identification of Soils土层鉴定描述) ASTM D422 (Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils颗粒分析) ASTM D1140 (Test Method for Amount of Material in Soils Finer than the No. 200 Sieve粒径小于200目的筛分) ASTM D4318 (Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils界限含水率) ASTM D427 (Standard Test Method for Shringkage Factors of Soils by the Mercury Method收缩系数) ASTM D854 (Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soils比重) ASTM D4959 (Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil by Direct Heating Method含水率) ASTM D2850 (Test Method for Uncolidated, Undrained Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soils in Triaxial Compression三轴UU试验) ASTM D2435 (Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils固结试验)
三、勘察方案布置
综上,美标为开放性标准,鼓励实施主体充分主动能动性,依据具体项目情况制定合理适宜的勘察方案。
四、勘察测试技术
4.1钻探(Exploratory Drilling)
钻孔柱状图如下:
4.2标准贯入试验SPT (Standard Penetration Test)
在此普及一下各国的标贯试验的计数方法:在英国标准British Standard中,按每贯入75mm进行计数;在美标ASTM Standard中,按每贯入150mm进行计数;在日本和中国规范中,均是按照先预打入150mm,后按每100mm计数,共3段100cm试验段。
4.3微型贯入试验Pocket Penetration Test
此微型贯入仪可即时测得土体的无侧限抗压强度值,其刻度对应于等效的无侧限抗压强度(kg/cm2)。
以下为微型贯入仪使用手册:
Mazier Triple Tube取样器及所取土样
4.6旁压试验(Pressuremeter Tests)
五、室内试验
物性试验Index property tests; 三轴CU试验Triaxial CU tests; 固结试验Conventional consolidation tests; 重塑样固结试验CRS consolidation tests 化学分析 Chemical Tests
六、场地地质条件分析
6.1区域地质背景
根据区域地质资料,本场地地层主要由晚更新世火山扇(late Pleistocene volcanic fan)和更新世海相/非海相沉积物(Pleistocene marine / non-marine deposits)组成,局部会涉及海相第三纪沉积物(marine tertiary deposits)。
6.2地层岩性及工程性质
土层工程性质参数如下表:
6.3场地土类别划分 Ground Classification
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此外,东南亚地区勘察有个特点,研究对象侧重于整个场地纵深范围,而对于具体土层的细化则没那么重视,详见下图:
最后,强调一点,对于东南亚地区主要普遍采用美标ASTM标准,一定要重视标准贯入试验的实施,标贯试验SPT在美标勘察体系中的地位不可撼动!
读者们可自行感受对于这种世界级的超高层勘察报告,印尼地区勘察与国内超高层(如上海中心大厦等)相比,印尼地区的综合勘察水平如何?欢迎探讨!