心脏起搏器植入术丨医学英语视听学习

Pacemaker Insertion

心脏起搏器植入术

A surgeon will insert a pacemaker into your body if your heart’s conduction system, the electrical system that makes your heart beat, is not working properly. 

如果人体心脏传导系统（控制心跳的电系统）不能正常工作，医生将植入起搏器治疗。

The heart is a muscular organ with four chambers. Blood collects in the heart’s two upper chambers, or atria, before filling the two lower chambers, or ventricles.  

心脏是一种有四个腔室的肌肉器官。血液聚集在心脏的两个上腔室（心房）内，然后充盈两个下腔室（心室）。

When the ventricles contract, blood in the right ventricle is pumped to the lungs and blood in the left ventricle is pumped to the rest of the body.

心室收缩时，右心室内的血液被泵入肺，左心室的血液泵入身体其它部位。

The heart has a natural pacemaker called the sinoatrial node, or SA node. The pacemaker controls the heart rate by precisely determining when the muscles of the atria and ventricles contract. 

心脏有一种自然起搏器，即窦房结（SA结）。起搏器通过精准确定心房和心室肌肉收缩时间，控制心率。

The electrical signal produced by the SA node reaches the ventricles through a narrow pathway that includes the so called AV node and bundle branches. Taken together these pathways are referred to as the conduction system of the heart. 

SA结产生的电信号，沿一条狭窄通路，到达心室，该通路包括所谓的 AV 结和束支。所有这些通路称为心脏传导系统。

Problems with the conduction system can result if the SA node malfunctions, causing the heart to beat too fast, too slow or irregularly. Alternatively, a blockage in the bundle branches can develop, causing the heart to beat more slowly or irregularly. 

如果 SA 结发生故障，则传导系统出现问题，导致心跳过快、过慢或不规则。另外，束支传导阻滞，导致心脏跳动更慢或不规则。

These problems can be due to heart disease, medications or cardiac surgery. 

心脏病、药物或心脏手术均可导致这些问题。

Before the procedure, your blood and urine will be tested. You will also have x-rays taken of your chest, and an electrocardiogram, or EKG, will record the electrical activity in your heart. 

手术前，医生对患者进行血检和尿检，拍胸部X光片；应用心电图（EKG）记录心脏的电活动；

A local anesthetic will be injected into your skin to numb the area where the pacemaker will be inserted. The surgeon will make a small incision beneath your collarbone. The pacemaker’s leads will be inserted into the subclavian vein and then threaded toward your heart until they reach the right atrium. 

使用局部麻醉剂麻醉起搏器植入部位。医生将在患者锁骨下做一个小切口，将起搏器导联插入锁骨下静脉，然后穿过心脏，直至植入右心房。

Your surgeon will view x-ray images on a video screen to position the leads correctly. 

医生将通过视频屏幕，观察X光图像，正确定位导联。

Once the leads have been tested, they will be connected to the pulse generator. The pulse generator will then be placed in a small pouch that your surgeon will create under the skin beneath your collarbone. Your surgeon will then sew the incision back together. 

测试导联后，立即将其连接到脉冲发生器。然后，医生将脉冲发生器放置于在锁骨下方皮下创建的小袋内，缝合切口。

While you’re in the hospital, your doctor will monitor your heart rate and blood pressure to be certain the pacemaker is working properly. Before you leave, he or she will make final adjustments to the pacemaker settings. 

患者住院期间，医生将监测其心率和血压，确保起搏器正常工作。出院前，医生将对起搏器设置进行最后的调整。

After your procedure, over–the-counter pain medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, should be sufficient to relieve any pain. You will not be able to drive for about 2 weeks. Periodically, you will need to follow up with your doctor to test and adjust your new pacemaker.

手术后，应给予非处方止痛药，如对乙酰氨基酚或布洛芬，缓解疼痛。患者约2周内不能开车，应定期复查，检查和调整新起搏器。