摘要：
研究结果：
文中图表：
Figure 1: Heatmap results highlighting the biofilm growth capabilities of 16 Rhodanobacter isolates under varying pH conditions (ranging from pH 4 to pH 7) and nitrate conditions (ranging from 0 mM to 300 mM), carried out across two different media (SGW, NLDM). (A): Nitrate, SGW, (B): Nitrate, NLDM, (C): pH, SGW, (D): pH, NLDM. The OD550 values are calculated from the mean values observed in the corresponding isolates for each medium. The row is clustered using euclidean distance in between the values measured from each sample.
Figure 2: Heatmap showing biofilm growth capacities of eight selected Rhodanobacter strains under various metal stress conditions (aluminum, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, zinc). Biofilm quantification was performed using crystal violet staining, with readings taken at OD550. The mean value of the triplicates for individual isolates under certain metal stress was calculated against the “positive control” (no stress condition) to get the log2FC values shown in the heatmap.
Figure 3: TEM images of Rhodanobacter (A-D) FW104-10B01 and (E) FW021-MT20 cultured in synthetic groundwater media supplemented with 1 mM Aluminum Chloride (B-D), and in the absence of any metal additions (A, E). Key features observed include (B) loss of pili and/or flagellar, (C) blebbing, cell morphology change and (D) particle adsorption for FW104-10B01 strains under aluminum stress conditions, and the lack of flagella for FW021-MT20 strains under normal conditions. Scale bar: 1 µm.
Figure 4: Phylogenetic relationship of the 16 Rhodanobacter strains analyzed in this study. (A) The 16 Rhodanobacter genomes (highlighted in red color) were compared with a set of related, publicly available genomes (in black). Tree scale: 0.1. The phylogenetic tree was made from Interactive Tree of Life (iTOL) v6 [94]. (B) A heatmap of ANI (green) and AAI (pink) values of the 16 Rhodanobacter genomes. The cluster was calculated using the hclust function in R.
Figure 5: Pangenome of Rhodanobacter. The 16 Rhodanobacter genomes obtained in this study are shown in orange, and the other 48 publicly available genomes are shown in blue. Core genes are genes present in all 64 genomes, soft core genes are genes present in 61 to 63 genomes, cloud genes are genes present in 1 to 3 genomes, and the remaining genes are shell genes. Hierarchical clustering was performed on the ANI index calculated from fastANI. SCG, single-copy genes.
