鹰酱：兔子最新反无人机技术一窥
2024年10月7日TWZ报道：波斯出现了兔子激光反无人机系统
Chinese Laser Anti-Drone System Spotted In Iran
波斯总统阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊 Ayatollah Ali Khamenei高调露面，让我们得以一窥兔子最新的反无人机技术。
A very high-profile appearance by Iran's Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has given us a glimpse at some of China's latest counter-drone technology.
波斯似乎部署了一种兔子激光定向能武器，旨在干扰和摧毁无人机。Iran looks to have fielded a Chinese laser directed energy weapon intended for ‘dazzling’ drones or even destroying them 波斯一直是自杀无人机系统向全球扩散的主要来源，但自身也同样面临着来自无人机的威胁——尤其是来自以色列的威胁。
波斯首都德黑兰的激光反无人机系统的图片于2024年10月4日首次在网上出现。据报道，该系统是作为哈梅内伊罕见的公开布道时的安全措施之一而部署的。Pictures said to show a laser counter-drone system in the Iranian capital Tehran first emerged online last Friday. The system was reportedly deployed as part of security measures around a rare public sermon by Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
许多观察家认为照片中看到的激光反无人机系统，是兔子的“沉默猎手”——但这似乎是不正确的。“沉默猎手”的图像及其模型，包括在沙特阿拉伯服役的示例，都显示它在中桅的右侧有一个大直径孔径（可能激光光束导向器）。而沉默猎手主桅左右的较小的圆形孔径，应该包括用于目标检测、跟踪和光电和/或红外摄像头。
Many observers have identified the laser counter-drone system seen in the recently emerged pictures as an example of China’s Silent Hunter, but this appears to be incorrect. Known images of Silent Hunter, and mockups thereof, includingexamples in service in Saudi Arabia, show it has a turret with a single large circular aperture (likely its beam director) on the right side of a central mast. Silent Hunter’s turret also has smaller circular apertures, which should include electro-optical and/or infrared cameras for target detection, tracking, and engagement on the right and left of the main mast.
展出的沉默猎手车载系统
A picture of a truck-mounted Silent Hunter system, or mock-up thereof, on display
而上周在德黑兰部署的系统，虽然与沉默猎手具有相似的整体设计，但它的左侧只有一个大孔径，右侧是一个形状更方正的孔径，中桅也有不同的设计。这与“Shen Nung”反无人机激光武器的类似。已经推出的 Shen Nung 的集装箱式和 4×4 东风猛士轻型战术卡车版本——分别为 Shen Nung 5000 和 Shen Nung3000。图片显示该系统位于蓝色防水布幕后，但仍显示出设计上相集装箱化的改变。
While the system said to have deployed last week in Tehran has a similar overall design, it has a single large aperture on the left side. In addition, there is an aperture with a more squared-off shape on the right side. The central mast has a different design, as well. A similar, if not identical arrangement is visible in Chinese marketing literature for another counter-drone laser weapon called the Shen Nung (also transliterated Shennong). Containerized and 4×4Dongfeng Mengshi light tactical truck-mounted versions of the Shen Nung – the Shen Nung 5000 and 3000, respectively – have at least been pitched in the past. The pictures reportedly taken in Tehran last week show the system behind a blue tarp screen, but what is visible could point to a containerized variant.
沙特阿拉伯 沉默猎手 激光反无人机系统（左）上的炮塔，与上周五在德黑兰拍摄的炮塔（右）的并排比较。图源沙特阿拉伯国防部
A side-by-side comparison of the turret on a Saudi Arabian Silent Hunter laser counter-drone system (at left) and the one in the recently emerged pictures said to have been taken in Tehran last Friday (at right).Saudi Arabia Ministry of Defense
Shen Nung 集装箱式 Shen Nung 5000和基于东风猛士的Shen Nung 3000的改型
A Shen Nung promotional image showing containerized (Shen Nung 5000) and Dongfeng Mengshi-based (Shen Nung 3000) variants.
值得注意的是，沉默猎手 和 神农盾都在各自的炮塔顶部配备了小型雷达，以加强检测和目标跟踪。
It’s worth noting here that both Silent Hunter and the Shen Nung feature small radars on top of their respective turrets to help detect and track targets, something that is also visible on the system in the recently emerged pictures.
下图所示的 Shen Nung中文性能表明，其使用雷达可探测最远 3.1 英里（5 公里）外的无人机。激光器据称功率在 10 到 20 千瓦之间，能够在近 2 英里（3 公里）的范围内发射非破坏性致盲，并实际摧毁进入一英里（1.5公里）的目标。，激光器一次可以运行时长长达 200 秒（？），并且需要“不到”5 分钟来充电。缺点是只能与一个目标交战，并且充电或射击间冷却需要时间。
A machine translation of Chinese-language specifications for the Shen Nung, seen below, says that it is capable of detecting drones up to 3.1 miles (five kilometers) away using its radar. The system’s laser, stated to be in the 10 to 20-kilowatt power range, is said to be capable of launching non-destructive blinding or ‘dazzling’ attacks out to a range of nearly 2 miles (three kilometers) and of actually destroying certain targets that get within a mile (one and a half kilometers). The translation of the specification sheet also indicates that the laser can run for up to 200 seconds (just over three minutes) at a time, and needs “less than” five minutes to charge up for an initial engagement and between ‘shots.’ This highlights some of the core pros and cons of laser directed energy weapons, which offer benefits especially when it comes to functionally unlimited ‘magazine depth,’ but also can only engage one target at once and can require some amount of time to recharge or to cool between firings.
需要说明：即使仅仅是炫目（而不是硬摧毁）也可以非常有效地对抗无人机，包括武装无人机。即通过致盲光学和其他搜索元件，从坏其寻找目标和实施攻击的能力。但这对于具有多模式瞄准能力的无人机效用有限。
It’s important to make clear here that even dazzling can be very effective against drones, including armed types, by blinding seekers and other optics, and thus disrupting their ability to find targets and prosecute attacks. At the same time, this is less useful against drones with more automated and/or multi-mode targeting capabilities.
在波斯出现的其他图像中可以看出，似乎有大型平面阵列系统——像是高功率微波系统。微波定向能武器的优点是，可以比激光器更快的干扰或摧毁更多的无人机。但也可能是电子战干扰器或遥控枪支系统，或者是雷达和其他传感器。总之，将不同的（侦察和打击无人机）系统分层集成在一起，将有助于对不同级别的无人机提供更广阔的防卫覆盖范围。
From what can be seen in on the recently emerged images, the laser system also looks to have been one of a number of counter-drone capabilities emplaced together. A large planar array system in particular looks very much like what we have seen forhigh power microwave system concepts, with their advantage being their wide beams can rapidly disrupt or destroy more drones faster than that of a laser. What may have been an electronic warfare jammer or remotely operated gun system is also visible. Additional radars and other sensors are also a possibility. Layering different systems together would help provide a broader breadth of coverage against different tiers of uncrewed aerial systems
上周在德黑兰部署的神农盾导弹附近看到的其他系统，包括右侧的高功率微波和左侧的电子战干扰器或遥控枪系统
Other systems seen near the apparent Shen Nung deployed in Tehran last week, including what may be a high-power microwave at right and either an electronic warfare jammer or remotely operated gun system at left.
这说明，为了帮助保护最高精神领袖，可能波斯政府向兔子同行提出了相关要求。
...especially to help protect the Supreme Leader, would also be a very likely top ask from the Iranian government to its Chinese counterparts, with which ithas a close relationship.
最后，外媒谈到了鹰酱的反无人机系统现状——
近年来，对反无人机系统的需求爆炸式增长。鹰酱军队也一直在努力开发和部署各种级别的动能和非动能反无人机能力，如激光和微波定向能武器，以及电子干扰器，其中一些近年来在作战中实现了有限的部署。鹰酱官员特别强调了激光（反无人机）系统面临的困难——因为其对环境因素、功率要求、热处理限制和其他问题都很敏感。sensitivity to environmental factors, significant power requirements, thermal handling limitations, and other issues
尽管存在非常真实的威胁，但鹰军和鹰酱政府其他部门在部署反无人机能力方面存在明显的滞后 a notable lag in the fielding of anti-drone capabilities by the U.S. armed forces and elsewhere within the U.S. government。对比之下，波斯购买和部署了兔子的激光定向能反无人机系统，又进一步凸显了这一点。
This is now further underscored by Iran’s apparent acquisition and deployment of a Chinese laser directed energy counter-drone system.
兵器迷觉得，在2022年之前的珠海航展，无人机是多次航展的核心角色。但从2022年珠海航展开始——反无人机——已经大步走上航展的大舞台，并有逐步与无人机分庭抗礼之势。而且由于两毛冲突，无论展品本身是无人机还是反无人机系统，2022届航展的场内场外，人们讨论的焦点，更是“反无人机“的话题热度压倒”无人机”。从此，国内反无人机企业和产品如雨后春笋，野蛮生长，迅速壮大。
一个 Shen Nung就鹰酱觉得是对我兔反无人机最新技术的一瞥了，呵呵。
还是让我们在即将到来的2024珠海航展上，一起对我兔的无人机-反无人机技术，大饱眼福吧。
