最全地矿英语常用词汇(中英对照),赶快收藏!

文摘   2025-02-04 14:00   河北  



导读

一、矿物名称及符号

二、地质年代

三、岩石类型

四、岩矿物理性质

五、工程地质

六、地形地貌

七、地质构造

八、水文地质

九、物理力学性质

十、工程勘察

十一、地质环境

十二、资源/储量

十三、地层

一、矿物名称及符号
矿物符号矿物名称矿物英文名称
Act阳起石Actinolite
Ads中长石Adesine
Adl冰长石Aduloria
Aeg霓石Aegirine
Agt霓辉石Aegirine-augite
Ak镁黄长石Akermanite
Ab钠长石Albite
Afs碱性长石Alkalifeldspar
Aln褐帘石Allanite
Alm铁铝榴石Almandine
Als铝硅酸盐Alumosilicate
Am闪石Amphibole
Anl方沸石Analcime
Ant锐钛矿Anatase
And红柱石Andalusite
Adr钙铁闪石Andradite
Anh硬石膏Anhydrite
Ank铁白云母Ankerite
Ann铁云母Annite
An钙长石Anorthite
Atc歪长石Anorthoclase
Ath直闪石Anthophyllite
Atg叶蛇纹石Antigorite
Atp反条纹长石Antiperthite
Ap磷灰石Apatite
Apo鱼眼石Apophyllite
Arg文石Aragonite
Arf亚铁钠闪石Arfvedsonite
Apy毒砂Arsenopyrite
Aug辉石Augite
Ax斧石Axinite
Bad斜锆石Baddelejite
Brt重晶石Barite
Brs冻蓝闪石Barroisite
Brl绿柱石Beryl
Bt黑云母Biotite
Bhm软水铝矿Boehmite
Bn斑铜矿Bornite
Brk板钛矿Brookite
Brc水镁石Brucite
Bst锰硅灰石Bustamite
Byt倍长石Bytoonite
Cal方解石Calcite
Ccn钙霞石Cancrinite
Cb碳酸盐矿物Carbonate mineral
Cph斜锰柱石Carpholite
Cst锡石Cassiterite
Cel绿菱石Celadonite
Cls天青石Celestine
Cbz菱沸石Chabazite
Chc辉铜矿Chalcocite
Clp黄铜矿Chalcopyrite
Chm鲕绿泥石Chamosite
Cht空晶石Chiastolite
Chl绿泥石Chlorite
Cld硬绿泥石Chloritoid
Chn粒硅灰石Chondrodite
Chr铬铁矿Chromite
Csl硅孔雀石Chrysocolla
Ctl纤蛇纹石Chrysotile
Cam单斜角闪石(闪石)Clinoamphibole
Clc斜绿泥石Clinochlore
Cen斜顽火辉石Clinoenstatite
Fe2-Chq斜铁锂闪石Clinoferroholmquistite
Cfs斜铁辉石Clinoferrosilite
Chq斜锂闪石/斜锂蓝闪石Clinoholmquistite
Chu斜硅镁石Clinohumite
Cpx单斜辉石Clinopyroxene
Czo斜黝帘石Clinozoisite
Coe柯石英Coesite
Crd堇青石Cordierite
Crn刚玉Corundum
Cv铜蓝Covellite
Crs方石英Cristobalite
Crs青铝闪石Crosstie
Cum镁铁闪石Cummingtonite
Dee迪尔石Deerite
Dia金刚石Diamond
Dsp硬水铝石Diaspore
Dg蓝辉铜矿Digenite
Di透辉石Diopside
Dol白云石Dolomite
Drv镁电气石Dravite
Eck钙叶绿泥石Eckermannite
Ed浅闪石Edenite
Elb锂电气石Elbaite
En顽火辉石Enstatite
Ep绿帘石Epidote
Eul尤莱辉石Eulite
Fa铁橄榄石Fayalite
Fsp长石Feldspar
Fe2-Act镁阳起石Ferro-Actinolite
Fe2-Ed铁浅闪石Ferro-Edenite
Fe2-Hbl铁角闪石Ferrohornblende
Fs铁辉石Ferrosilite
Fe2-Ts铁钙闪石Ferrotschermakite
Fl萤石Fluorite
Fo镁橄榄石Forsterite
Fuc铬云母Fuchite
Fet中柱石Fulite
Gad硅铍钇矿Gadolinite
Gn方铅矿Galena
Grt石榴子石Garnet
Ged铝直闪石Gedrite
Gh铝黄长石Gehlenite
Gbs三水铝石Gibbsite
Glt海绿石Glauconite
Gln蓝闪石Glaucophane
Gt针铁矿Goethite
Grp石墨Graphite
Gre铁蛇纹石Greenalite
Grs钙铝榴石Grossular
Gru铁闪石Grunerite
Gp石膏Gypsum
Hl石盐Halite
Hs绿钙闪石Hastingsite
Hyn蓝方石Haüyne
Hd钙铁辉石Hedenbergite
Hem赤铁矿Hematite
Hc铁尖晶石Hercynite
Hul片沸石Heulandite
Hgb黑铝镁钛矿Hoegbomite
Hq铝闪石Holmquistite
Hbl普通角闪石Hornblende
Hu硅镁石Humite
Hy紫苏辉石Hypersthene
Ill伊利石Illite
Ilm钛铁矿Ilmenite
Jd硬玉Jadeite
Ja碧玉Jasper
Joe铅铍闪石Joesmithite
Jh钙镁辉石Johannsenite
Krs钛闪石Kaersutite
Kls钾霞石Kalsilite
Kln高岭石Kaolinite
Kln-Srp高岭石-蛇纹石Kaolinite-Serpentine
Ktp红钠闪石(红闪石)Katophorite
Kfs钾长石K-feldspar
Kie水镁矾Kieserite
Krn柱晶石Kornerupine
Koz铁锰钠闪石Kozulite
Ky蓝晶石Kyanite
Lab拉长石Labradolite
Lmt浊沸石Laumontite
Lws硬柱石Lawsonite
Laz天蓝石Lazulite
Laz青金石Lazurite
Lpd锂云母Lepidolite
Lct白榴石Leucite
Lm褐铁矿Limonite
Lz利蛇纹石Lizardite
Lo斜方砷铁矿Loellingite
Mgh磁赤铁矿Maghemite
Mg-Hbl镁角闪石Magnesiohornblende
Mg-Ktp镁红钠闪石Magnesiokatophorite
Mg-Rbk镁钠闪石Magnesioriebeckite
Mg-Sdg镁砂川闪石Magnesiosadanagaite
Mgs菱镁矿Magnesite
Mag磁铁矿Magnetite
Mal孔雀石Malachile
Mrc白铁矿Marcasite
Mrg珍珠云母Margarite
Mar钠柱石Marialite
Mei钙柱石Meionite
Men黑榴石Melanite
Mel黄长石Melilite
Mw黝硅镁钙石Merwinite
Mi云母Mica
Mic微斜长石Microcline
Mns铁滑石Minnesotaite
Mo辉钼矿Molybdenite
Mnz独居石Monazite
Mtc钙镁橄榄石Monticellite
Mnt蒙脱石Montmorillonite
Mul莫来石Mullite
Ms白云母Muscovite
Ntr钠沸石Natrolite
Ne霞石Nepheline
Nrb块硅镁石Norbergite
Nsn黝方石Nosean
Nyb灰闪石Nyboeite
Olg奥长石Oligoclase
Ol橄榄石Olivine
Omp绿辉石Omphacite
Opl蛋白石Opal
Op不透明矿物Opaque mineral
Oam斜方闪石Orthoamphibole
Or正长石Orthoclase
Opx正方辉石Orthopyroxene
Osu大隅石Osumilite
Pg钠云母Paragonite
Prg韭闪石Pargasite
Pct针钠钙石Pectolite
Pen叶绿泥石Pennine
Pn镍黄铁矿Pentlandite
Per方镁石Periclase
Prv钙钛矿Perovskite
Pth条纹长石Perthite
Phg多硅白云母Phengite
Phl金云母Phlogopite
Pie红帘石Piedmonlite
Pgt易变辉石Pigeonite
Pl斜长石Plagioclase
KMg-Sdg钾镁砂川闪石Potassic-Magnesiosadanagaite
K-Sdg钾砂川闪石Potassicsadanagaite
Prh葡萄石Prehnite
Pch蠕绿泥石Prochlorite
Pmp绿纤石Pumpellyite
Py黄铁矿Pyrite
Pcl烧绿石Pyrochlore
Prp镁铝榴石Pyrope
Prl叶蜡石Pyrophyllite
Prl-Tlc叶蜡石-滑石Pyrophyllite-Talc
Px辉石Pyroxene
Po磁黄铁矿Pyrrhotite
Qtz石英Quartz
Rds菱锰矿Rhodochrosite
Rdn蔷薇辉石Rhodonite
Rit钠透闪石Richterite
Rbk钠闪石Riebeckite
Rt金红石Rutile
Sdg砂川闪石Sadanagaite
She次透辉石Saheite
Sa透长石Sanidine
Spr假蓝宝石Sapphirine
Scp方柱石Scapolite
Srl黑电气石Schorl
Sek铁堇青石Sekaninaite
Sep海泡石Sepiolite
Ser绢云母Sericite
Srp蛇纹石Serpentine
Sd菱铁矿Siderite
Sil夕线石Sillimanite
Sme蒙脱石(蒙皂石)Smectite
Sdl方钠石Sodalite
Sps锰铝榴石Spessartine
Sp闪锌矿Sphalerite
Spn榍石Sphere
Spl尖晶石Spinel
Spd锂辉石Spodumene
St十字石Staurolite
Stb辉沸石Stilbite
Stp黑硬绿泥石Stilpnomelane
Stv斯石英Stishovite
Str碳锶矿Strontianite
Szb硼镁石Szaibelyite
Tlc滑石Talc
Tmt绿闪石Taramite
Ttn榍石Titanite
Toz黄玉Topaz
Tur电气石Tourmaline
Tr透闪石Tremolite
Trd鳞石英Tridymite
Tro陨硫铁Troilite
Ts镁钙闪石Tschermakite
Usp钛铁尖晶石Ulvoespinel
Urt纤闪石Uralite
Uvt钙铬榴石Uvarovite
Vrm蛭石Vermiculite
Ves符山石Vesuvianite
Viv蓝铁矿Vivianite
Wrk斜钙沸石Wairakite
Wmi白色云母White Mica
Win蓝透闪石Winchite
Wth碳钡矿Witherite
Wo硅灰石Wollastonite
Wus方铁矿Wüstite Wuestite
Xtm磷钇矿Xenotime
Zeo沸石Zeolite
Zwd铁锂云母Zinnwaldite
Zrn锆英石Zircon
Zo黝帘石Zoisite

二、地质年代

太古代(界)Archaeozoic era(erathem)

元古代(界)Proterozoic era(erathem)

古生代(界)Palaeozoic era(erathem)

中生代(界)Mesozoic era(erathem)

新生代(界) Cenozoic era(erathem)

震旦纪(系) Sinian period(system)

寒武纪(系)Cambrian period(system)

奥陶纪(系)Ordovician period(system)

志留纪(系) Silurian period(system)

泥盆纪(系)Devonian period(system)

石炭纪(系)Carboniferous period(system)

二叠纪(系)Permian period(system)

三叠纪(系)Triassic period(system)

侏罗纪(系)Jurassic period(system)

白垩纪(系) Cretaceous period(system)

第三纪(系)Tertiary period(system)

第四纪(系)Quaternary period(system)


三、岩石类型

petrology 岩石学

igneous rock 火成岩

magmaticrock 岩浆岩

lava(vocanic rock)火山岩

intrusive(invade)rock 侵入岩

effusive rock 喷出岩

plutonic rock 深成岩

pypabyssal rock 浅成岩

acidrock 酸性岩

intermediate rock 中性岩

basic rock 基性岩

ultrabasic rock 超基性岩

granite 花岗岩

porphyry 斑岩

porphyrite 玢岩

rhyolite 流纹岩

syenite 正长岩

trachyte 粗面岩

diorite 闪长岩

andesite 安山岩

gabbro 辉长岩 basalt 玄武岩

aplite 细晶岩

pegmatite 伟晶岩

lamprophyre 煌斑岩

diabase 辉绿岩

dunite 橄榄岩

pumice 浮岩

sedimentary rock 沉积岩

clastic 碎屑岩

clay rock 黏土岩

chemicalrock 化学岩

biolith 生物岩

conglomerate 砾岩

siltstone 粉砂岩

mudstone 泥岩

shale 页岩

saline rock 岩盐

limestone 石灰岩

dolomite 白云岩

marl泥灰岩

volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩

volcanic agglomerate 火山块集岩

tuff凝灰岩

metamorphic rock 变质岩

slate 板岩

phyllite 千枚岩

schist 片岩

gneiss 片麻岩

quartzite石英岩 marble 大理岩

mylonite 糜棱岩

migmatite 混合岩

cataclasite 碎裂岩

sediment(deposit)沉积物、沉积层

boulder 漂石、顽石

cobble 卵石

gravel 砾石

sand砂

silt粉土

clay粘土

sandy clay 砂质粘土

clayey sand 粘质砂土

sandy loam 壤土、亚黏土

regolith(topsoil)浮土(表土)

loess 黄土

laterite 红土

peat 泥炭

ooze软泥(海泥)


四、岩矿物理性质

hardness 硬度

luster 光泽

color 颜色

transparency(pellucidity)透明度

streak 条痕

rent(fracture)断口

crystal form 晶形

classification 分类

structure 构造

texture 结构

fabric 组成

mineral composition 矿物组成

crystalline 结晶质

amorphous substance 非晶质

fossil 化石

degree of rounding 磨圆度

degree of grains 粒度


五、工程地质

geotechnics(geotechnique)土工学、土工技术、岩石工程

rock mechanics 岩石力学 soil mechanics 土力学

geomechanics 地质力学(岩石力学)

engineering geological conditions 工程地质条件

engineering geological problems 工程地质问题

rock mass structure 岩体结构

geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形地貌条件

geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象

hydrogeological conditions 水文地质条件

natural materials 天然材料

reservoir 水库

settlement 沉降

displacement 位移

deformation 变形

tectonic stress 构造应力

residual stress 残余应力

angle of internal friction 内摩擦角

cohesion 内聚力(凝聚力、粘聚力)

pressure tunnel 压力隧洞

underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室overburden 覆盖物

bed rock(base rock foundation rock)基岩

firmrock(soundrock)硬岩

weakrock(softrock)软岩

interbed 夹层

zone of fracture(broken zones)破碎带

homogeneity 均质性

nonhomogeneity(heterogeneity)非均质性

isotropy 各向同性

anisotropy 各向异性


六、地形地貌

工程地质条件 engineeringgeological conditions

地形地貌条件 geographicand geomorphic conditions

地形 land form

地貌 geomorphology, relief

微地貌 microrelief

地貌单元 landformunit, geomorphic unit

坡度 grade

地形图 relief map

河谷 river valley

河道 river course

河床 river bed(channel)

冲沟 gully, gulley, erosiongully,stream(brook)

河漫滩 floodplain(valley flat)

阶地 terrace

冲积平原 alluvialplain

三角洲 delta

古河道 fossil river course, fossilstreamchannel

冲积扇 alluvial fan

洪积扇 diluvial fan

坡积裙 talus apron

分水岭 divide

盆地 basin

岩溶地貌 karstland feature, karst landform

溶洞 solution cave, karst cave

落水洞 sinkhole

土洞 Karstic earth cave


七、地质构造

地质构造 geologicstructure

结构构造 structuraltexture

大地构造 geotectonic

构造运动 tectogenesis

造山运动 orogeny

升降运动 verticalmovement

水平运动 horizontalmovement

完整性 perfection(integrity)

起伏度 waviness

尺寸效应 sizeeffect

围压效应 confiningpressure effect

产状要素 elementsofattitude

产状 attitude, orientation

走向 strike

倾向 dip

倾角 dip angle, angle of dip

褶皱 fold

褶曲 fold

单斜 monocline

向斜 syncline

背斜 anticline

穹隆 dome

挤压 squeeze

上盘 upper section

下盘 bottom wall, footwall,lower wall

断距 separation

相交 intersect

断层 fault

正断层 normal fault

逆断层 reversed fault

平移断层 parallelfault

层理 bedding, stratification

微层理 light stratification

地堑 graben

地垒 horst, fault ridge

断层泥 gouge, pug, selvage, faultgouge

擦痕 stria, striation

断裂 fracture

破碎带 fracture zone

节理 joint

节理组 joint set

裂隙 fissure, crack

微裂隙 fine fissure, microscopicfissure

劈理 cleavage

原生裂隙 originaljoint

次生裂隙 epigeneticjoint

张裂隙 tension joint

剪裂隙 shear joint

卸荷裂隙 reliefcrack

裂隙率 fracture porosity

结构类型 structuralpattern

岩体结构 rockmass structure

岩块 block mass

结构体 structural element

块度 blockness

结构面 structural plane

软弱结构面 weakplane

临空面 free face

碎裂结构 cataclastictexture

板状结构 platystructure

薄板状 lamellose

块状的 lumpy, massive

层状的 laminated

巨厚层 giant thick-laminated

薄层状的 finelylaminated

软弱夹层 weakintercalated layer

夹层 inter bedding,

intercalated bed, interlayer, intermediate layer

夹泥层 clayey intercalation

夹泥 inter-clay

连通性 connectivity

切层 insequent

影响带 affecting zone

完整性 integrity n.

Integrate v. &a.

degree ofintegrality

破碎 crumble

胶结 cement

泥化 argillization

尖灭 taper-out

错动 diastrophism

错动层面 faultedbedding plane

断续的 intermittent

破碎 crumble

共轭节理 conjugatedjoint

散状 loose

透镜状的 lens-shapeda.

岩石碎片 crag

岩屑 cuttings, debris

薄膜 membrane, film

层理 stratification

高角度 high dip angle

缓倾角 low dip angle

反倾 anti-dip

互层 interbed v.

Interbedding n.

起伏的 unplanar

波状起伏的 undulate,undulating

粒径 particle size

构造层 tectonosphere

挤压 compression

均一的 homogeneous

剪切错动面 shearfaulted, bedding zone

切割 dissection

切割的 dissected

致密 close, compact

构造岩 tectonite

糜棱岩 mylonite

断层角砾岩 faultbreccia

方解石脉 calcitevein

碎块岩 clastic rock

角砾 breccia

岩粉 rock powder

岩屑 debris, debry

固结 consolidation

定向排列 orientedspread

构造应力 tectonicstress

残余应力 residualstress


八、水文地质

水文循环 hydrologiccycle

大气圈 atmosphere

水圈 hydrosphere

岩石圈 geosphere

地表径流 surfacerunoff

地下径流 subsurfacerunoff

流域 valley, drainage basin

流域面积 drainagearea, river basin area

汇水面积 catchmentarea

地下水 ground water, subsurfacewater

地表水 surface water

大气水 atmospheric water

气态水 aqueous (vapour) water

液态水 liquid water

固态水 solid water

上层滞水 perchedwater

潜水 phreatic water

承压水 confined water

吸着水 hygroscopic (adsorptive)water

介质 medium

空隙 void

孔隙水压力 porewater pressure

渗透压力 osmoticpressure, seepage force

扬压力 uplift pressure

静水压力 hydrostaticpressure

外静水压力 externalhydrostatic pressure

动水压力 hydrodynamicpressure

渗透力 seepage pressure

外水压力 externalwater pressure

内水压力 internalwater pressure

水力联系 hydraulicinterrelation

水力折减系数 hydraulicreduction coefficient

水头损失 waterhead loss

渗透途径 filtrationpath, seepage path

渗透系数 penetrationcoefficient

潜水位 water table level

水位 water level, stage level

水头 water head

含水层 aquifer

弱含水层(弱透水层) aquitard

滞水层 aquiclude

透水层 permeable layer, perviouslayer

不透水层(隔水层) aquifuge,impervious layer,

impermeable layer,aquiclude

潜水含水层 phreaticaquifer

承压含水层 confinedaquifer, artesian aquifer

承压面 bearing surface

潜水面 phreatic surface, watertable

浸润线 phreatic curve

不透水边界 imperviousboundary

地下分水岭 groundwaterridge

粘滞性 viscosity

富水性 abundance

透水性(渗透性)permeability

淋滤(溶滤作用)lixiviation,leaching

反滤层 inverted gravel filter

水锈 incrustation

渗滴 seep

饱和 saturation, saturated

潜水位变化带 zoneof variable phreatic level

气象因素 meteorologicalfactor

饱水带 zone of saturation

包气带 aerationzone, zone of aeration

包气带水 aerationzone water

上层滞水 perchedwater

孔隙水 pore water

裂隙水 fissure water

岩溶水 karstic water

结合水 bound water, combined water

吸着水 hydroscopic water

薄膜水 pellicular water

毛细水 capillary water

重力水 gravitational water

凝结水 condensation water

地下水埋藏条件condition ofgroundwater occurrence

地下水埋藏深度 depthof groundwater occurrence

压水试验 packerpermeability test

抽水试验 pumpingtest


九、物理力学性质

物理力学 physicalmechanics n.

Physico-mechanicala.

屈服准则 yieldcriteria

米赛斯屈服准则 VonMises yield criteria

朗肯土压力理论 Ranking’searth pressure theory

剑桥模型 Cambridgemodel, Cam-model

邓肯-张模型 Duncan-changmodel

本构方程 constitutiveequation

局部剪切破坏 localshear failure

整体剪切破坏 generalshear failure

岩体完整性指数intactnessindex of rock mass

安全系数 factorof safety

埋深 embedment depth

试件 coupons

挠度 deflection

里氏震级 Richterscale

设计烈度 designintensity

基本烈度 basicintensity

场地烈度 siteintensity

地震烈度 seismicintensity, intensity scale

卓越周期 predominantperiod

持力层 sustained yield

超载 surcharge

围岩压力 surroundingrock stress

附加压力 superimposedstress

应力松弛 stressrelaxation

应力路迳 stresspath

卸荷 unload

渗透率 specific permeability

饱和度 degree of saturation

含水量 moisture content

平均粒径 meandiameter

颗粒 grain, granule, particle

颗粒级配 distributionof grain-size,

grain composition,size distribution

级配 graduation,

grain-sizedistribution, gradation, grading

粒度 coarseness grainsize,granularity, lump

不均匀系数 coefficientof non-uniformity,

variationcoefficient, variation factor

颗粒分级 gradation,size grading

孔隙水 pore water

孔隙比 void ratio (ration)

空隙率 air voids

孔隙率 porosity

裂隙率 crackity

溶隙率 karstity

密度 density

重度 unit weight, bulk weight

浮重度 buoyant unit weight

折减系数 reductionfactor

压力消散 dissipationof pressure

抗力系数 coefficientof resistance

软化系数 softeningcoefficient

含水量 water content

稠度 consistency

塑限 plastic limit

液限 liquid limit

塑性指数 plasticityindex

液性指数 liquidityindex

流变 rheological

蠕变 creep

塑性 plastic

脆性 brittleness(fragility)

粘性 stickness

刚性 rigidity

弹性的 elastic

粘弹性 viso-elasticity

弹塑性 elasto-plasticity

压缩性 compressibility

均质性 homogeneity

非均质性 nonhomogeneity(heterogeneity)

各向同性 isotropy

各向异性 anisotropy

总应力 total stress

有效应力 effectivestress

超孔隙水压力 excesspore pressure

孔隙水压力 porewater pressure

抗压强度 compressivestrength

抗拉强度 tensilestrength

抗剪强度 shearstrength

不排水抗剪强度undrainedshear strenght

峰值抗剪强度 peakshare strength

长期抗剪强度 long-termshear strength

残余抗剪强度 residualshear strength

负摩擦力 negativeskin friction, dragdown

摩擦角 angle of friction

内摩擦角 angleof internal friction

外摩擦角 angleof external friction

内聚力 cohesion

粘聚力 cohesion

假凝聚力 pseudo-cohesion

粘着力 adhesion

摩尔圆 Mohr’s circle

包络线 envelope

休止角 angle of repose,

angle offriction(repose, rest), repose angle

峰值 peak

模量 modulus

弹性模量 modulusof elasticity,

Young’s modulus,elastic modulus

压缩模量 modulusof compressibility

变形模量 modulusof deformation

卸荷模量 unloadingmodulus

切线模量 tangentmodulus

剪切模量 shearmodulus

割线模量 secantmodulus

旁压模量 pressurmetermodulus

泊松比 poisson’s ration

固结 consolidation

固结系数 coefficientof consolidation

固结度 degree of consolidation

超固结比 overconsolidation ration

应变 strain

压缩比 compressibility ratio

压缩系数 coefficientof compressibility

压缩指数 compressionindex

初始曲线 virgincurve

正常固结土 normallyconsolidated soil

欠固结土 under-consolidatedsoil

超固结土 over-consolidatedsoil

被动土压力 passiveearth pressure

主动土压力 activeearth pressure

静止土压力 earthpressure at rest

覆盖压力 overburdenpressure

初始应力 initialstress

地应力场 ground(geostatic)stress field

有效应力 effectivestress

动应力 dynamic stress

动荷载 dynamic load

偏心荷载 eccentricloads

循环荷载 inclinedloads

地应力 ground stress, geostaticstress

初始应力 initialstress

应力场 stress field

纵波 longitudinal wave

液化势 liquefaction potential

液化指数 liquefactionindex

交角 angular

岩石抗力系数 coefficientof rockresistance

容许承载力 allowablebearing capacity

临塑压力 criticalpressure

接触压力 contactpressure

6工程地质问题

工程地质问题 engineeringgeological problem

定性评价 qualitativeestimate

定量评价 quantitativeestimate

极限平衡法 limitequilibrium method

不良地质现象 unfavorablegeologicalcondition

风化 weathering

变形 deformation

位移 displacement

不均匀位移 differentialmovement

相对位移 relativedisplacement

沉陷 settlement

山崩 avalanche, toppling

崩塌 toppling, toppling collapse

滑坡、地滑 creep,slide

切层滑坡 insequentlandslide

深层滑坡 deepslide

浅层滑坡 shallowslide

顺层滑坡 consequentlandslide

滑动面

sliding surface,sliding plane, slip surface

滑动带 sliding zone

滑床 slide bed

滑坡体 slide(sliding) mass

古滑坡 fossil landslide

推移式滑坡 slumpingslide

牵引式滑坡 retrogressiveslide

管涌 piping, internalerosion

渗漏 leakage

流砂 quicksand

渗流 seepage

液化 liquefaction


十、工程勘察

工程地质勘察 engineeringgeologyinvestigation

岩土工程勘察 geotechnicalinvestigation

工程地质条件 engineeringgeologicalcondition

工程地质评价 engineeringgeologicalevaluation

勘测 survey

岩芯采取率 corerecovery, core extraction

岩芯获得率

RQD(岩石质量指标) rock quality designation

程序(步骤) procedure

勘察阶段 investigationalstage

选点踏勘 reconnaissance

初步设计 primarydesign

初步规划 preliminaryscheme

初步勘探 preliminaryprospecting

初步踏勘 groundreconnaissance

可行性研究阶段 feasibilitystage

初步设计阶段 preliminarystage

施工阶段 constructionsage

踏勘 reconnaissance, inspection

地质测绘 geologicalsurvey

工程地质测绘 engineeringgeologicalmapping

钻探 borehole operation, boring

物探 geophysical exploration

洞探 exploratory adits

钎探 rod sounding

坑探 exploring mining

槽探 trenching

天然建材调查

natural materialssurveying (examination)

岩土工程勘察报告 geotechnicalinvestigationreport

鉴定 identification, appraisal

鉴定书 expertise report

鉴定人 identifier, surveyor

校核 verification

总监 chief inspector

比例 proportion

地形图 geographic map

地貌图 geomorphological map

地质图 geological map

工程地质图 engineeringgeological map

实测地质剖面图

field-acquiredgeological profile(section)

构造地质图 geologicalstructure map

第四纪地质图 quarternarygeological map

地质详图 detailmap of geology

地质柱状图 geologiccolumnar section, geologic log

钻孔柱状图 logsof bore hole

纵剖面图 longitudinal section

横剖面图 crosssection

展示图 reveal detail map

节理玫瑰图 roseof joints

基岩等高线 bedrock contour

层底等高线 contourof stratum bottom

岩层界线 strataboundary

岩面高程 elevationof bed rock surface

坐标 coordinate

分层 bed separation

地质点 geological observationpoint

勘探点 exploratory point (spot)

勘探线 exploratory line

勘探孔 exploration hole

平洞 adit

竖井 riser, shaft, verticalshaft

探槽 exploratory trench

探井 exploratory pit

钻孔 borehole, drill hole

机钻孔 ordinary drill hole

套钻孔 sleeve drill hole

管钻孔 pipe drill hole

岩芯 core

岩芯钻探 coredrilling

回转钻探(进)rotarydrilling

冲击钻探 churndrilling, percussiondrilling

钢砂钻探 shot drilling

铁砂钻进 ironshot drilling

跟管钻进 follow-downdrilling

振动钻进 vibro-boring,vibro-drilling

泥浆钻探 mudflush drilling

金刚石钻进 diamonddrilling

单动式 single acting

双层 double layer

空气钻探 airflush drilling

钻机 drilling rig

钻头 drill bit, drilling bit

螺旋钻头 auger

勺钻 spoon bit

冲击钻头 percussionbit, chopping bit

桶式钻头 bucketauger

钻杆 drill rod

套管 casing

岩芯管 core barrel

冲洗掖 flush fluid

正循环冲洗 directcirculation

反循环冲洗 reversecirculation

泥浆 mud, slurry

泥皮 mud cake

护壁 dado

止水 seal, water seal

扫孔 cleaning bottom of hole

钻进 drilling

平硐 adit

竖井 shaft

钻探 drilling boring


十一、环境地质

岩崩 rock fall

滑坡 landslide

泥石流 mud-rock flow

地震 earthquake

地面沉降 subsidence

地面开裂 land crack

地面塌陷 ground surface collapse

塌陷坑 collapse pit

地下水污染 groundwater pollution

地表水污染 surface waterpollution

污染源pollution source

地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resourcedepletion

地下水质恶化 deterioration of groundwaterquality


十二、资源/储量

矿产资源mineralresources

储量 reserves

基础储量 reserve base

资源量 resources

可采储量 proved reserves

预可采储量 probable reserves

探明的 measured

控制的 indicated

推断的 inferred

预测的prognostic

远景储量 prospective reserves

经济的 economic

边际经济的 marginally economic

次经济的 subeconomic

内蕴经济的intrinsically economic

矿石 ore

矿层 orebed

矿床 ore deposit

矿块 ore block

矿柱 ore pillar, ore column

矿石品位 ore grade

富矿体 ore shoot, orecourse

贫矿 poor ore


十三、地层

宇 eonothem

界 erathem

系 system

统 series

阶 stage

群 group

组 formation

段 member

显生宇 Phaneozoic Eonothem

元古宇 ProterozoicEonothem

太古宇 Archaean Eonothem

新生界 Cenozoic Erathem

第四系 Quaternary System

全新统 Holocene Series

更新统 Pleistocene Series

第三系 Tertiary System

晚第三系 Neogene System

上新统 Pliocene Series

中新统 Miocene Series

早第三系 Paleogene System

渐新统 Oligocene Series

始新统 Eocene Series

古新统 Paleocene Series

中生界 Mesozoic Erathem

白垩系 Cretaceous System

侏罗系 Jurassic System

三叠系 triassic System

古生界 Paleozoic Erathem

二叠系 Permian System

石炭系 Carboniferous System

泥盆系 Devonian System

志留系 Silurian System

奥陶系 Ordovician System

寒武系 Cambrian System

新元古界 NeoproterozoicErathem

震旦系 Sinian System

中元古界 Mesoproterozoic Erathem

古元古界 PalaeoproterozoicErathem

地层对比 stratigraphiccorrelation

层位 horizon

标志层 key bed

哑层 barren bed

缺失 lacuna

尖灭 feather edge

透镜状结构 lensoid

连续 continuity

不连续 discontinuity

整合 conformity

不整合 unconformity

角度不整合 angular unconformity

平行不整合 para-unconformity

产状 occurrence

走向 strike

倾角 dip

真倾角 true dip

视倾角 apparent dip

倾伏角 plunge

侧倾角 pitch

层理 bedding

层面 bedding planes

交错层理 cross bedding


公司介绍

北京阳光创译语言翻译有限公司(Suntrans)成立于 2008 年 2 月。公司总部设立在北京,在美国纽约设有分公司,并在乌干达和巴基斯设有办事处。在董事长吕国博士的带领下,历时15年,阳光创译由最初只有6人的翻译团队发展至今成为拥有50 余名全职管理人员、 1024 名兼职译员和 68 名核心译审人员的专业队伍。

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