中国论坛《参考观点》(第49期) | 中拉命运共同体建设开创新篇章

文摘   2024-12-24 19:14   北京  


导语
2024年11月13日至21日,中国国家主席习近平先后赴秘鲁出席亚太经合组织第三十一次领导人非正式会议,赴巴西出席二十国集团领导人第十九次峰会。今年正值提出构建中拉命运共同体十周年,习近平主席此次拉美之行推动“中拉时间”再谱新篇。十年来,中拉双边关系稳步提升,共建“一带一路”方兴未艾,中拉命运共同体建设不断取得新成果,中拉关系进入平等、互利、创新、开放、惠民的新时代,也为推动全球南方国家间的协同发展、共同进步提供了宝贵的南南合作范例。

(图片来源:新华社


一、中拉命运共同体提出构建10年以来,中拉高举和平发展合作旗帜推动发展战略对接,互联互通水平不断提升,经贸合作与基础设施建设取得了显著成效,共同书写合作共赢的新篇章。


1.21世纪以来,中国成为拉美出口增长最快的市场。目前,中国已成为拉美第二大贸易伙伴和拉美多个国家的主要贸易伙伴,与5个拉美国家签署了自贸协定。


According to a report recently released by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), China is an important trade partner and the fastest-growing export market for Latin America and the Caribbean.


Mutual benefit and win-win results are the overarching principle for the growth of the relations between China and the region, said Lin. He noted that in the first three quarters this year, trade in goods between both sides hit 427.4 billion U.S. dollars, up by 7.7 percent year on year, and the total amount for the whole year is expected to exceed 500 billion U.S. dollars.


(November 15, 2024, “China-LAC goods trade expected to continue growing at high speed: spokesperson”, Xinhua News Agency )


Over the past two decades, the economic relations between China and Latin America and the Caribbean have considerably expanded. Trade surged from $14 billion in 2000 to nearly $500 billion in 2022, making China the second-largest trading partner for LAC and the primary export market for South America.


For China, the relationship with LAC countries is also significant. The region's share in China's imports increased from 2.5 percent in 2000 to 8.5 percent in 2022, surpassing imports from the United States, which stood at 6.6 percent in the same year. Notably, one-third of China's total food imports come from LAC countries, particularly from Brazil and Argentina. Additionally, the region's share in China's total exports more than doubled from 3 percent to 7 percent over the same period, indicating a deepening mutual dependence.


(November 29, 2024, “Significant partnership”, China Daily)


2.拉美国家加入高质量共建“一带一路”中,推动了拉美的基础设施现代化和产业转型升级,为拉美的可持续发展提供了坚实的物质基础。


The China Development Bank, a State-owned development finance institution, had provided $160 billion in financing support for over 250 projects across 21 countries in Latin America by the end of October, significantly uplifting the economic and social development of Latin American countries.


These projects have greatly advanced practical cooperation between China and Latin America in areas such as infrastructure, energy, minerals, manufacturing, electricity and telecommunications, said the Beijing-headquartered bank.


(November 21, 2024, “LatAm fertile ground for Chinese companies”, China Daily)


China has become an important partner in this digital transformation, leveraging its advanced technology and experience. Companies like Huawei have deployed over 8,000 kilometers of optical fiber in the Amazon rainforest since 2020, bringing internet access to 3.7 million people. Similarly, China Telecom has provided scalable solutions for domestic and international connectivity within Brazil.


Sunwave Communications in east China's Zhejiang Province is also making contributions to the region's digital evolution. "With new models, industries, and business opportunities, Latin America has immense growth potential," noted Gustavo Kretschmer, vice president of sales for Latin American at Sunwave. The company partners with operators in Brazil, Chile and other countries, providing 5G solutions for diverse sectors such as office buildings, rail transit, commercial complexes and mining stations, while improving connectivity in over 40 major venues across the region.


(November 18, 2024, “Connecting futures: China and Latin America deepen collaboration in digital transformation”, CGTN)


(图片来源:央广网


二、一些西方国家对中拉关系的发展无端恐慌,把中拉合作视为中国要“接管拉美”,陷入了套用错误历史经验、以己度人等心理误区。西方国家应该摒弃冷战思维和零和博弈的观念,以开放、包容的心态看待中拉合作。中拉合作是全球化和多边主义的生动实践,中拉促进民心相通,夯实友好基础,在文化、旅游、民间交往等领域广泛开展合作,使发展成果惠及民众。


1.中拉合作建立在平等互利、共同发展的基础上,不仅是外在经济利益的简单结合,更是基于双方共同追求繁荣与可持续发展的深层次需求,具有强大的内生动力,有助于推动双方关系在复杂多变的国际环境中持续向更高层次迈进。


China-Latin America relations have experienced the fastest growth in history and are now in their best phase. Currently, Latin America is in a critical period of post-pandemic recovery and development. Enhancing strategic autonomy, advancing the modernization process and building a fair and reasonable global governance system will inevitably become major priorities for Latin American countries, and these goals will resonate with China-Latin America relations. 


The China-Latin America relationship is built on the premise of mutual respect, the principle of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, the characteristic of openness and inclusiveness, and the goal of common development. The development of China-Latin America relations aligns with the global trends and historical currents, meets the shared interests of China and Latin American countries, and will achieve new and greater development in the future. It will inject more certainty into an uncertain world and contribute more to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.


(November 11, 2024, “China-Latin America ties inject world certainty”, Global Times)


(图片来源:光明时报


2.2024年11月14日钱凯港项目的落成,将大幅提高拉美国家在国际贸易中的地位,并创造超过8000个直接就业机会,有利于促进经济增长,为整个拉美经济一体化奠定基础。


China and Peru inaugurated the Chancay Port, a flagship project under BRI cooperation framework which further enhances long-standing, deep connections between the two countries. The connection represents more than the BRI's establishment in Peru, but the birth of a new Asia-Latin America land-sea corridor. 


Located about 80 kilometers north of Lima, Chancay is a leading deep-water port and the first smart and green port in South America. It is set to become a key Pacific gateway for Latin America. Its benefits are recognized by many small businesses in Lima, like Angeles' business. 


Angeles said that Peruvian exports currently transit through Panama before reaching Chinese and other markets, but Chancay Port will allow fresh Peruvian produce to arrive in Shanghai much faster at a much lower cost.


(November 23, 2024, “From Peru to Brazil, Belt and Road cooperation now reaches new milestones”, Global Times)


(图片来源:央广网


2.中拉文化交流年、“未来之桥”中拉青年领导人培训计划、中拉文明对话论坛等项目和活动有序推进,丰富了中拉人民的精神文化生活,进一步夯实了中拉关系的社会基础。


A series of cultural exchange events between China and Latin America took place recently in Peru and Brazil, enhancing mutual understanding and deepening cultural exchanges.


On Nov. 6, the 2024 Forum on Dialogue between the Civilizations of China and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) was held in Lima, Peru. More than 150 political leaders, scholars, and business representatives from China, Peru, Argentina, and over 10 other Latin American countries gathered to discuss the theme "Civilizational Heritage and Modern Development."


The forum aimed to promote cultural exchanges, preserve and develop heritage, provide intellectual support and explore cooperation for modernization.


(November 14, 2024, “China-LatAm cultural exchange events held in Peru, Brazil”, Xinhua)


In recent years, the platforms for people-to-people and cultural exchanges between China and Latin America have become increasingly diverse, from the China-Latin America Cultural Exchange Year and the Latin American and Caribbean Art Season to the "Bridge of the Future" China-Latin American Young Leaders Training Campus.


"The rich cultures and arts of China and Latin America bloom like splendid flowers on each other's vast land, pushing the mutual learning between the Chinese and Latin American civilizations to a new high," Xi said when attending the closing ceremony of the China-Latin America Cultural Exchange Year in 2016 in Peru.


(November 11, 2024, “How Xi champions China's people-to-people exchanges with Latin America”, Xinhua)


(图片来源:人民网


三、拉美国家在独立前深受欧洲殖民者压迫,其独立后的现代化进程也长期受到结构性不平等的制约。中拉命运共同体是双方携手推进现代化、共筑人类命运共同体的成功实践,为全球南方国家间的双多边合作树立了新典范。


With the joint efforts of both sides, new achievements have been made in the building of the China-Latin America community with a shared future, and the practice of China-Latin America cooperation has become a model for Global South cooperation. In the future, China-Latin America economic and trade cooperation will not only be limited to the traditional areas of trade, investment and finance, but also expand to more frontier areas such as digital economy, artificial intelligence, economy and cross-border e-commerce. 


(November 29, 2024, “Chinese, Latin American scholars discuss road to Chinese modernization”, CGTN


Over the past 10 years, China and LAC have used the high-quality Belt and Road cooperation as a practical platform, adhering to the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and working together for common development. From trade connectivity to cultural mutual learning, from shared interests to resonating values, the construction of the China-LAC community with a shared future continues to achieve new milestones, providing profound insights for international relations in today's world.


There are many similarities and complementarities between China and LAC, which lay a solid foundation for cooperation and political trust. For example, both China and LAC have nurtured ancient and colorful civilizations, and their economies are highly complementary. China is the largest developing country, and LAC is one of the continents with the highest concentration of developing countries. Both from the Global South, China and LAC share similar positions and broad common interests. Both sides understand the importance of seeking peace, development, and cooperation in the midst of a tumultuous international situation. Therefore, despite the vast distance, China and LAC have become close partners. Cooperation and development are always the key terms when discussing China-LAC relations, and their cooperation has set an example for South-South cooperation.


(November 14, 2024, “China-LAC relations ushering in another shining moment: Global Times editorial”, PR Newswire


(图片来源:Beijing Review

编辑:赵滢

审核:中国论坛

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