In English, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you need to use either a gerund (verb + "ing") or an infinitive ("to" + base verb). This guide summarizes when to use each, with examples provided for each structure.
在英语中，当动词后接另一个动作时，需使用动名词（动词 + "ing"）或不定式（"to" + 动词原形）。本文总结了如何选择使用这两种形式，并提供示例。
Key Rules and Patterns主要规则和模式
Some verbs are only followed by a gerund.
有些动词后只能跟动名词。
Example: "I enjoy dancing."
示例：“我喜欢跳舞。”
Some verbs are only followed by an infinitive.
有些动词后只能跟不定式。
Example: "I wanted to buy it."
示例：“我想买它。”
Some verbs can be followed by both a gerund and an infinitive without much difference in meaning.
有些动词后可跟动名词或不定式，且意义差别不大。
Example: "I love to play badminton." / "I love playing badminton."
示例：“我喜欢打羽毛球。”
Some verbs change meaning when followed by a gerund versus an infinitive.
有些动词后接动名词或不定式时，意义会有所不同。
Example: "I didn't remember to lock the door." (Meaning: I forgot to lock it.)
示例：“我没记得锁门。”（意思是我忘了锁门。）Example: "I didn't remember locking the door." (Meaning: I don't remember the act of locking it, but I may have done it.)
示例：“我不记得锁过门。”（意思是我不记得锁门的动作，但可能确实锁了。）
Gerunds generally describe an activity or habit.
动名词通常描述一种活动或习惯。
Example: "I enjoy swimming on weekends."
示例：“我喜欢在周末游泳。”
Infinitives often describe a specific act or a goal.
不定式通常描述一个具体的动作或目标。
Example: "I hope to visit Paris next year."
示例：“我希望明年访问巴黎。”
Gerund and Infinitive Examples by Category按类别分类的动名词和不定式示例
Warm-Up Questions (Examples with Suggested Answer Starters)
热身问题（含建议回答开头）
What do you want to do today?
Today, I want to relax.
今天，我想放松。
What would you like to have for dinner tonight?
I would like to have pasta tonight.
今晚，我想吃意大利面。
What do you enjoy doing on weekends?
I enjoy going hiking on weekends.
我喜欢在周末去远足。
What do you like to do in your free time?
In my free time, I like to read / reading books.
在空闲时间，我喜欢看书。
Picture Time (Preposition + Gerund)图片时间（介词 + 动名词）
Alex is daydreaming. What's he daydreaming about?
He’s daydreaming about traveling the world.
他正在幻想环游世界。
Do you ever daydream? What do you daydream about?
Yes, I daydream about living by the ocean.
是的，我会幻想住在海边。
Let's Go! (Examples with Gerunds and Infinitives in Practice)让我们开始！（动名词和不定式的实际应用示例）
What's something you've always wanted to have?
I’ve always wanted to own a guitar.
我一直想要拥有一把吉他。
What's something you enjoy doing, but can't find time for?
I enjoy reading novels, but I rarely find time for it.
我喜欢读小说，但很少有时间去做。
Verbs That Can Be Followed by Gerund or Infinitive (With or Without Change in Meaning)
可跟动名词或不定式的动词（意义不变或有所不同）
What type of music do you love listening to these days?
I love to listen to jazz. / I love listening to jazz.
我喜欢听爵士乐。
What’s a food you disliked as a child but don’t mind now?
I hated eating broccoli as a kid, but now it’s fine.
小时候我讨厌吃西兰花，但现在不介意了。
Verbs + Noun/Pronoun + "To"-Infinitive
动词 + 名词/代词 + “To”不定式
Has anyone ever persuaded you to buy something?
Yes, a friend persuaded me to buy a fitness tracker.
是的，一位朋友说服我买了一个健身追踪器。
Did your parents ever force you to do chores?
Yes, they always forced me to clean my room.
是的，他们总是强迫我打扫房间。
Gerunds and Prepositions
动名词和介词
What is something you don’t like dealing with?
I don’t like dealing with last-minute changes.
我不喜欢应对最后一刻的变化。
What’s a subject you'd like to learn more about?
I’d like to learn more about cooking different cuisines.
我想了解更多关于不同菜系的烹饪。
Adjectives Followed by "To"-Infinitives
形容词后接“To”不定式
What is something you're lucky to have done?
I feel lucky to have traveled to many countries.
我感到幸运去过许多国家。
What’s something that’s difficult for you?
It’s difficult for me to stay organized.
对我来说保持条理很难。
Nouns Followed by "To"-Infinitives
名词后接“To”不定式
What’s a sport that requires a lot of energy?
Basketball requires a lot of energy to play.
篮球需要很多精力去打。
What’s the best time to call you?
The best time to call me is in the evening.
晚上是打电话给我最好的时间。
Infinitives of Purpose
表示目的的不定式
Why are you studying English?
I’m studying English to improve my career opportunities.
我学习英语是为了提升职业机会。
Why do people read books?
People read books to learn and to relax.
人们读书是为了学习和放松。
Verbs with Different Meanings When Followed by Gerund or Infinitive
后接动名词或不定式时意义不同的动词
What’s something you stopped doing in the past?
I stopped eating sugary snacks last year.
去年我停止了吃甜食。
Do you ever forget to wash your face?
Sometimes, I forget to wash my face.
有时我会忘记洗脸。
Passive Practice (Passive Constructions with "To"-Infinitives)
被动练习（使用“To”不定式的被动结构）
What’s something you were always reminded to do?
I was always reminded to finish my homework.
我总是被提醒完成作业。
Were you asked to do this activity by someone, or did you choose it?
I was asked to do it by my teacher.
我是被老师要求去做这件事的。
Completing Sentences
完整句子
I grew up wanting to become a teacher.
我从小就想成为一名老师。Now that I’m done with this activity, I feel like taking a break.
现在活动结束了，我想休息一下。
Summary of Gerund vs. Infinitive Use
动名词与不定式的使用总结
Gerunds: Generally, use gerunds to discuss habits, ongoing activities, or topics (e.g., "I enjoy reading.")
动名词：一般用于描述习惯、持续进行的活动或主题（例如：“我喜欢读书。”）Infinitives: Use infinitives to specify a particular action, purpose, or desire (e.g., "I plan to travel next year.")
不定式：用于描述具体的动作、目的或愿望（例如：“我计划明年旅行。”）
练习
详细解析
I’ve always wanted to travel to Europe.
（表示希望去欧洲，"want" + to-infinitive）She enjoys swimming on weekends.
（表示习惯性喜欢，"enjoy" + gerund）He remembered locking the door before leaving.
（表示记得做过某事，"remember" + gerund指过去的动作）They promised to call us when they arrive.
（表示承诺，"promise" + to-infinitive）I stopped drinking coffee in the evenings to improve my sleep.
（表示停止某个习惯，"stop" + gerund）My parents never forced me to do anything I didn’t want.
（表示强迫，"force" + object + to-infinitive）She’s interested in learning more about photography.
（介词"in" + gerund）We’re planning to go hiking this weekend if the weather is good.
（表示计划，"plan" + to-infinitive）He avoided talking about his new job.
（表示避免，"avoid" + gerund）I need to buy some groceries for dinner tonight.
（表示需要，"need" + to-infinitive）I’m looking forward to seeing you at the concert next month.
（"look forward to" 是固定短语，"to"后跟gerund）She tried to fix the computer but couldn’t.
（"try to do" 表示尝试某事但可能没有成功）We discussed having a team meeting on Monday.
（表示讨论，"discuss" + gerund）It’s difficult for me to understand his accent sometimes.
（形容词后跟to-infinitive，表示要理解有难度）He was warned not to touch the artwork in the gallery.
（被警告不要做某事，"warn" + not + to-infinitive）She didn’t mind helping her friend move into the new apartment.
（表示不介意，"mind" + gerund）I forgot to send the email yesterday, so I’ll do it now.
（"forget to do" 表示忘了去做）He’s considering quitting his job to travel for a year.
（"consider" + gerund表示考虑）She agreed to take the extra shift at work.
（"agree" + to-infinitive表示同意）They were encouraged to participate in the charity event.
（被鼓励做某事，"encourage" + to-infinitive）
