震撼!出生伊始的9个本能阶段

文摘   2024-07-24 20:01   云南  

宝宝出生后第一个小时的经历会对母乳喂养产生重大影响。了解在这段时间里什么是正常的行为以及如何创造空间让宝宝经历这些正常的阶段,和了解分娩的各个阶段同样重要。
宝宝在出生后的头几个小时会经历九个阶段。如果你和宝宝做肌肤接触,就提供了自然的定位和导航,以便宝宝经历这九个阶段。如果你不能在这段时间内抱着宝宝做肌肤接触,那么宝宝的爸爸(你的伴侣)、其他家庭成员或帮手都可以这么做。
如果有医疗上的原因导致宝宝在出生后不能立即和你做肌肤接触,那尽早开始做就可以了。与宝宝持续地做肌肤接触,其益处可以持续数周。
这九个阶段按照特定的顺序呈现,无需任何帮助,自然而然就会发生。
第一阶段:出生啼哭。婴儿一出生就会立即啼哭,因为他的肺会随着第一次呼吸而扩张。每一位父母都急切地等待听到第一声啼哭。
第二阶段:放松。在第一次啼哭之后,大多数宝宝都会放松下来。这个时候,可以把宝宝放在你的胸前做肌肤接触,并用毯子盖住他,但不要盖上他的头。宝宝会完全放松下来,身体不再移动。
第三阶段:觉醒。几分钟后,宝宝开始睁开眼睛,移动头部和肩膀。
第四阶段:活动。大约五分钟后,宝宝的活动变得更有力,他会做出吸吮和寻乳的动作。
第五阶段:爬行。如果宝宝趴在你身上,大约出生35分钟后,他会开始用胳膊和腿爬行,来接近乳房和乳头。
第六阶段:休息。在出生后的第一个小时内,宝宝可能会活动几分钟,然后又回到休息状态,反复数次。
第七阶段:熟悉。在接下来的半个小时里,宝宝会熟悉你的乳房和乳头。他的手可能会触摸并按摩你的乳房,还可能会舔乳头。
第八阶段:吸吮。最后宝宝会自己含上乳头。一旦宝宝含上乳房,他就开始吸吮。这通常发生在宝宝出生后一个小时左右。如果你在分娩过程中使用了任何药物,会通过胎盘传递给你的宝宝。这可能意味着宝宝需要做更长时间的肌肤接触来经历这些阶段才能准备好吃奶。
第九阶段安静睡眠。最后一个阶段通常发生在宝宝出生后90分钟到2小时之间,也就是宝宝进入一个安静的睡眠阶段。那个时候你也可以准备小憩一会儿了。
你不必记住这些阶段,只要记得去创造一个空间可以让它们自然而然地发生即可,也就是说尽可能把宝宝放在你的胸前或其他家人胸前做肌肤接触,并盖上一条温暖干爽的毯子。
不要急于求成完成这些步骤,它们会自然而然地发生。在宝宝准备好之前就强迫他去含乳可能会妨碍宝宝第一次喂奶时含好乳房。

The First Hours After Birth - The Nine Instinctive Stages 

The experiences of the first hour after your baby arrives can have a major impact on breastfeeding. Knowing what is normal behaviour in this time period and how to create the space for your baby to move through these normal stages is as important as knowing the stages of labour.

Your baby will go through nine stages during the first couple of hours after birth. Skin-to-skin contact between you and your baby provides the natural location, and the cues, for your baby to move through these nine stages. If you are not able to hold your baby skin to skin during this time, then the baby’s father, your partner, another family member or support person can take on this role. If there are medical reasons why your baby can’t be held skin to skin with you right after birth, then start as soon as possible. Continued skin-to-skin contact with your baby has benefits for many weeks.

The nine stages happen in a specific order, and they will happen on their own without any help.

Stage 1: Birth cry. This happens immediately after birth as your baby’s lungs expand with the first breath. Every parent waits eagerly to hear that first cry.

Stage 2: Relaxation. Right after the first cry most babies will relax. This is when your baby can be placed skin to skin on your chest and covered with a blanket. Your baby’s head should not be covered. Your baby will be fully relaxed and won’t move.

Stage 3: Awakening. After a few minutes your baby will start to open his eyes and move his head and shoulders.

Stage 4: Activity. After about five minutes the movements will become stronger and your baby will make sucking and rooting motions.

Stage 5: Crawling.If your baby is resting on you, about 35 minutes after birth your baby will start to make crawling movements with her arms and legs and will approach the breast and nipple.

Stage 6: Resting. Your baby may have a few minutes of activity and then go back to a resting state several times over the first hour.

Stage 7: Familiarization. For the next half hour your baby will familiarize herself with the breast and nipple. Her hands may touch and massage your breast and your baby may mouth and lick at your nipple.

Stage 8: Suckling. Finally the baby will self-attach to the nipple. Once your baby is latched onto your breast, he will begin to suckle. This usually happens about an hour after birth. If you were given any medications during labour, they will have passed to your baby through the placenta. This may mean that it takes more time in skin-to-skin contact for your baby to move through the stages and be ready to suckle.

Stage 9: Restful sleep. The final stage, which usually happens about 90 minutes to 2 hours after birth, is when your baby falls into a restful sleep. You may be ready for a nap at that time too.

You do not have to remember the stages as long as you remember to create the space in which they can happen on their own. This means having your baby skin to skin on your chest, if possible, or on another family member, covered by a warm dry blanket. Don’t try to rush the steps, they will happen naturally. Pushing your baby to latch on before she is ready may prevent your baby from getting a good latch for that first feeding.

资料来源:https://www.lllc.ca/first-hours-after-birth-nine-instinctive-stages


参考文献References:

Widström, A.M., Brimdyr, K., Svensson, K., Cadwell, K., Nissen, E. (2020). A plausible pathway of imprinted behaviors: Skin-to-skin actions of the newborn immediately after birth follow the order of fetal development and intrauterine training of movements. Medical Hypotheses, Volume 134.


Updated August 2022 

2022年8月更新



END

作者:加拿大母乳会

翻译:传艳

一审:Lynn

二审:Marien、张艳莹

编辑:斯琦



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