对产奶量的影响
早产儿
安全睡眠
电子香烟、尼古丁口香糖、皮肤贴片、含片和吸入器
如何尽量减少吸烟对宝宝的影响
改用电子烟、尼古丁口香糖或其它尼古丁替代品。
每天少吸一点烟。可能的话，完全戒掉烟。
先给宝宝喂奶，喂完后马上吸烟。然后可能的话，等两到三个小时再喂奶。吸完一支烟后，需要花95分钟才能清除掉你体内一半的尼古丁量。如果宝宝在这两到三个小时的窗口期内醒来要吃奶，那当然就喂他吧。
在室外或到单独的房间吸烟。
在碰触宝宝之前先换掉衣服（让你的伴侣这样做也很重要）。
2023年更新
Nicotine - Smoking, ‘Vaping’, and Breastfeeding
It’s important for parents to know that if you are going to smoke or use e-cigarettes (‘vape’), the best thing you can do for your baby is breastfeed. Breastfeeding can help to minimize some of the negative effects that smoking could have on your baby.
Both smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke appear to have an impact on the hormones related to breastfeeding, oxytocin and prolactin. This may cause a reduction in milk supply and may also reduce the fat level in the milk. Smoking during pregnancy can affect a baby’s ability to suck well in the first few weeks of life. If your baby is not sucking well, this may also impact your milk supply. This does not mean that you should not breastfeed your baby. It just means that you might want to take extra care to have a plentiful milk supply. You can do this by feeding often and making sure that your baby has an effective latch. For more information see Establishing Your Milk Supply.
Nicotine, like many other substances, does pass into your milk in some amount. Because premature babies are more fragile and less capable of handling drugs such as nicotine, it is important that you speak with your healthcare provider about any substances you may use, even if it is just an occasional use of nicotine.
Sharing a bed with a smoking parent, even if that parent does not smoke in the house, increases a baby’s risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). See SIDS Prevention and Breastfeeding. This is particularly important if the nursing mother smokes. The exposure to smoke, even on clothing, seems to dull a baby’s natural arousal mechanisms. If you smoke, it is important that you place your baby to sleep on a separate sleeping surface near you in your bedroom. This is the safest arrangement for a family where someone smokes. See Sleep and the Breastfeeding Family.
E-cigarettes, nicotine gums, skin patches, lozenges and inhalers .
It appears that the amount of nicotine in a mother’s milk is lower with these products than when smoking cigarettes. There are no lung irritants, such as tars and carbon monoxide, that are present in cigarettes. Use of these products may increase the chances of quitting smoking by 50% - 60%.
Breastfeeding is important for your baby even if you smoke cigarettes. When you smoke, your baby is at increased risk of colic, respiratory infections, and SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome). But babies who are breastfed are at lower risk for these diseases compared to those given formula. This is true even if their mothers continue to smoke. In addition, your milk has proteins, fats and sugars that give your baby protection against many illnesses.
If you are a smoking mother or parent, breastfeeding is just as beneficial for you and your baby, as it is for a parent who doesn’t smoke.
If you have questions about any breastfeeding issues, La Leche League Leaders are here to provide information and support.
Updated 2023
资料来源：www.lllc.ca/nicotine-breastfeeding
参考文献References:
Mohrbacher, Nancy. (2020). Breastfeeding Answers: A Guide for Helping Families, Second Edition. Nancy Mohrbacher Solutions, Inc.
Public Health Agency of Canada. (2022, April 29). Ten Valuable Steps for Successful Breastfeeding. canada.ca
END
作者：加拿大母乳会
翻译：传艳
一审：Lynn
二审：Marien、王雪
编辑：斯琦
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