转自材料分析与应用
1成果简介
具有高孔隙率和轻质优点的三维(3D)碳气凝胶已成为一种重要的高性能电磁(EM)吸收材料。尽管三维碳气凝胶的研究取得了很大进展,但大多数报道的三维碳气凝胶都存在不可再生和成本高昂的问题。此外,随机分布的多孔结构也限制了微波吸收的有效调节。本文,西安工业大学Renchao Che、复旦大学车仁超 研究员、Hualiang Lv等《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》期刊发表名为“Biomass-derived oriented carbon aerogels with integrated high-performance microwave absorption and thermal insulation”的论文,研究采用可持续的柚子皮纤维素(SPC),通过简便的双向冷冻技术和随后的热处理过程,构建了超轻和定向碳气凝胶。
2图文导读
图1.CN/rGO气凝胶的合成路线。
图2. SEM images of (a, b) CN/rGO-180, (c, d) CN/rGO-220, (e, f) CN/rGO-260, (g, h) CN/rGO-300; (i) The magnified SEM image; (j) TEM and (k) HRTEM images of CN/rGO-260; (l) The photograph of free-standing CN/rGO aerogel.
图3. (a) XRD patterns and (b) Raman spectra of all CN/rGO aerogels; (c) XPS total survey of CN/rGO-260, and high-resolution spectrum of (d) C1s, (e) O 1s, and (f) N1s.
图4. (a) Real permittivity, (b) imaginary permittivity, (c) complex permeability and (d) dielectric/magnetic loss tangent of aerogels.
图5. 3D RL contours versus frequency and thickness: (a) CN/rGO-180, (b) CN/rGO-220, (c) CN/rGO-260 and (d) CN/rGO-300. RL curves of (e) CN/rGO-220 and (f) CN/rGO-260 at given thicknesses.
图6. Probable microwave absorption mechanism of CN/rGO-260 aerogel.
图7. (a-f) Thermal infrared images of CN/rGO-260 and typical commercial thermal insulation materials PS, PU, PE at different heating times. (g) Scheme of CN/rGO-260, PS, PU and PE placed on the heating platform. (h) Surface temperature vs time curves. (i) Schematic illustration of the heat transfer mechanism of CN/rGO-260 aerogel.
3小结
在这项研究中,我们通过双向冷冻技术和热处理工艺,成功地从生物质SPC和GO中制备出了碳气凝胶(CN/rGO)。得到的 CN/rGO气凝胶由长程有序层状结构和相互连接的桥层组成。通过调节SPC的含量可以有效地调节层状层的距离。在最佳添加剂含量为260mg时,制备的CN/rGO气凝胶显示出优异的微波吸收性能,在填料含量为4wt.%的超低条件下,RLmin为-63.0dB,有效吸收带宽为7.0GHz。优异的性能归功于连续的三维互连网络,它同时确保了最佳的阻抗匹配和有效的衰减能力。此外,气凝胶还具有与商业产品相当的隔热性能。这项工作将为开发低成本、轻质、环保的碳气凝胶开辟新的途径,使其未来在微波吸收和红外隐身领域得到实际应用。
文献:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2024.11.051