北大法宝推出“法宝双语案例”栏目。本栏目选取近期热门司法案例进行双语发布，每两周一期，欢迎关注！感谢新老朋友对北大法宝的大力支持，我们会持续为大家提供更好的法律信息服务。本周推送第一百三十二期，主要关注2024年第4-6期最高院公报案例！
本期双语案例推送广东省兴宁三建工程有限公司与广东省兴宁市自然资源局土地行政处罚案等2024年第4-6期最高院公报案例。
目录 Contents
1.广东省兴宁三建工程有限公司与广东省兴宁市自然资源局土地行政处罚案
Guangdong Xingning Third Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. v. Natural Resources Bureau of Xingning City, Guangdong Province (case regarding dispute over land administrative penalty)
2.大连致泰种业有限公司与农业农村部植物新品种复审委员会等植物新品种权无效行政纠纷案
Dalian Zhitai Seed Industry Co., Ltd. v. Reexamination Board for New Varieties of Plants of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, et al. (case regarding an administrative dispute over the invalidation of the right to a new plant variety)
3.上海美匡供应链管理有限公司、先锋出口公司与奥迪塞斯航运贸易公司、海王航运有限公司等海上货物运输合同纠纷案
Shanghai Meikuang Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd. and Pioneer Export Co., Ltd. v. Audacious Shipping & Trading S.A. and Kings Ocean Shipping Co., Ltd., et al. (case of dispute over a contract for carriage of goods by sea)
一、广东省兴宁三建工程有限公司与广东省兴宁市自然资源局土地行政处罚案
Guangdong Xingning Third Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. v. Natural Resources Bureau of Xingning City, Guangdong Province (case regarding dispute over land administrative penalty)
【裁判摘要】
行政机关在对历史遗留的未批先建非法占地行为进行处罚时，应当充分考虑全案情况，结合非法占地的原因、过程、时间与各方责任情况，采取既能实现行政管理目的，又能对相对人信赖利益予以保护，对其权益影响和社会资源损害最小的执法方式，相应的行政处罚决定亦应符合过罚相当原则。
[Judgment Abstract]
If any administrative agency imposes a penalty for illegal land occupation resulting from construction without prior approval, the overall circumstances of the case should be fully considered upon making a decision. By considering multiple factors such as the causes, processes, and duration of the illegal occupation, as well as the responsibilities of all parties involved, the agency should adopt an enforcement approach that achieves the goals of administrative management while protecting the reliance interests of the parties involved, in a bid to minimize the impact on their rights and the damage to social resources. Correspondingly, the administrative penalty decision should also be commensurate with the severity of the offense under the principle of suiting penalty to fault.
来源：《最高人民法院公报》2024年第4期（总第332期）第40-48页
Source Note：SPC Gazette, Issue 4, 2024 (Total No. 332) Page 40-48
【法宝引证码】CLI.C.550112708
[CLI Code] CLI.C.550112708(EN)
二、大连致泰种业有限公司与农业农村部植物新品种复审委员会等植物新品种权无效行政纠纷案
Dalian Zhitai Seed Industry Co., Ltd. v. Reexamination Board for New Varieties of Plants of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, et al. (case regarding an administrative dispute over the invalidation of the right to a new plant variety)
【裁判摘要】
是否存在销售行为是判断申请品种具备新颖性的重要事实。导致申请植物新品种权保护的品种丧失新颖性的销售是指行为人为交易目的将品种繁殖材料交由他人处置，放弃自身对该繁殖材料的处置权的行为。育种者为委托他人制种而交付申请品种繁殖材料，同时约定制成的品种繁殖材料返归育种者，因育种者实质上保留了对该品种繁殖材料的处置权，除非法律另有规定，不会导致申请品种丧失新颖性。
[Judgment Abstract]
The existence of sales acts is an important fact for determining whether an applied plant variety has novelty. Such a sales act may cause an applied plant variety to lose its novelty, provided that the seller delivers the breeding materials of the variety to another person for trade purposes, thereby relinquishing his or her own right to dispose of the breeding materials. Where a breeder delivers the breeding materials of an applied variety to another person for breeding purposes, and meanwhile demands that the resulting breeding materials be returned to the breeder, it will not lead to the loss of novelty of the applied variety, unless otherwise provided for by law, for the breeder essentially retains the disposal rights over the breeding materials of the variety.
来源：《最高人民法院公报》2024年第6期（总第334期）
Source Note：SPC Gazette, Issue 6, 2024 (Total No. 334)
【法宝引证码】CLI.C.551978017
[CLI Code] CLI.C.551978017(EN)
三、上海美匡供应链管理有限公司、先锋出口公司与奥迪塞斯航运贸易公司、海王航运有限公司等海上货物运输合同纠纷案
Shanghai Meikuang Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd. and Pioneer Export Co., Ltd. v. Audacious Shipping & Trading S.A. and Kings Ocean Shipping Co., Ltd., et al. (case of dispute over a contract for carriage of goods by sea)
【裁判摘要】
承运人、代理签发提单的人等系提单签发环节的利害关系人，当两份或以上正本提单的持有人针对承运人承运的同一批货物，各自向承运人主张提取货物时，不能仅以利害关系人的陈述作为辨识提单真伪或区分提单权利顺位的依据，而应根据提单签发的经过、提单持有人持有提单的过程，结合国际贸易背景和航运实践综合分析判断提单权利的优劣。
[Judgment Abstract]
The carrier, the person issuing the bill of lading on behalf of the carrier, and other parties involved are the people who have a stake in the issuing of the bill of lading. In the case where two or more alleged holders of original bill of lading, regarding the goods of the same batch transported by the carrier, each claims to take delivery of the goods from the carrier, the authenticity of or the order of the rights to the bills of lading cannot be determined solely by the statement of the interested parties. Instead, the court should determine the superiority of the rights of the parties to the bills of lading by comprehensively considering and analyzing how the bills of lading are issued and how the holders come to possess them, as well as the international trade context and shipping practices.
来源：《最高人民法院公报》2024年第6期（总第334期）
Source Note：SPC Gazette, Issue 6, 2024 (Total No. 334)
【法宝引证码】CLI.C.551978016
[CLI Code] CLI.C.551978016(EN)
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责任编辑 | 张馨予
稿件来源 | 北大法宝英文编辑组（Mani）
审核人员 | 伍小凤 张文硕
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