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1篇11月阅读最新考题【Forms of Locomotion】

教育   2024-11-18 23:00   北京  





2024.11.17托福阅读考场真题
Forms of Locomotion

来自阅读GTRT题库第64篇

此前在模考活动中免费放出过

要注意的是：10道题目中有2道多选

有助于大家了解真实考试模式和难度

且重复概率非常高，建议准备！

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上下滚动查看整篇文章

10道题目及参考答案在文章下方

Paragraph 1


Paragraph 2

 

Paragraph 3

 

Paragraph 4


Paragraph 5

QUESTIONS:

Paragraph 1

1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the cost of locomotion?

A. For humans, the cost of running is lower than the cost of swimming.
B. The type of locomotion that comes most naturally to an animal is also the type of locomotion that is least expensive.
C. The more metabolic energy required for locomotion, the more expensive the locomotion is considered to be.
D. The faster a particular form of locomotion is, the more metabolic energy it requires.

Paragraph 2

2. Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about the drag faced by aquatic animals?
A. The closer an aquatic animal's body density is to the density of the water, the less drag the animal must overcome.
B. Aquatic animals that swim on the surface must overcome fewer sources of drag than animals that swim underwater.
C. The drag faced by most fish swimming underwater is much greater than previously thought.
D. All aquatic animals must overcome at least two forces of drag—the drag produced by their own bodies and by the bow wave.

3. Select the TWO answer choices that, according to paragraph 2, are true of the swimming behavior of ducks and muskrat. To receive credit you must select TWO answer choices.
A. Ducks and muskrat require far more energy to swim on the surface than fish of a similar size require to swim underwater.
B. Ducks and muskrat must overcome drag produced by the bow wave when swimming both on the surface and submerged.
C. Ducks and muskrat spend as much time underwater as possible in order to use less energy in swimming.
D. Ducks and muskrat are more efficient when swimming underwater than when swimming on the surface.


4. What is the author's purpose in mentioning "Boat designers" in a discussion of the amount of energy used in swimming?
A. To illustrate the point that large animals are not efficient swimmers because they produce very large bow waves
B. To make a comparison between the type of drag produced by the bow wave and the type produced by an animal's weight
C. To suggest that boat designers could design better boats if they studied locomotion in animals
D. To apply a principle used in boat design to further illustrate why surface swimming is inefficient
Paragraph 3
5. According to paragraph 3, flying requires more energy than swimming for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A. A flying animal must overcome more drag because it moves more quickly than a swimming animal.
B. A flying animal must expend more energy to create lift than a swimming animal does.
C. More energy is required for a flying animal to support its weight in air than for a swimming animal to support its weight in water.
D. Because air has a lower density than water does, more energy is required for an animal to move through air than through water.
Paragraph 4
6. According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements is true about the energy expended by animals in walking?
A. It requires more energy for a walking animal to overcome the friction in its joints and muscles than to support its body weight.
B. The process involved in walking that usually requires the most energy is producing accelerations and decelerations.
C. Whether or not walking requires more energy than other types of locomotion depends on the anatomy of a given animal.
D. The energy generated by momentum during walking is greater than the amount of energy expended in accelerating and decelerating.
Paragraph 5
7. The word "consumed" in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. saved
B. depended on
C. transferred
D. used up

8. What is the author's purpose in discussing "riding a bicycle"?
A. To explain why walking requires more energy than swimming and flying
B. To contrast the amount of energy used in riding a bicycle with the amount of energy used in swimming and flying
C. To suggest that humans should ride a bicycle instead of running or walking in order to conserve energy
D. To provide an example of an activity for which accelerations and decelerations require a great deal of muscular effort
Paragraph 3
9. Look at the four squares █ that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

Thus, the need to overcome resistance to fast forward motion plus the muscular effort needed just to keep from falling makes flying more energy intensive than swimming.

Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square (█) to add the sentence to the passage.


10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the 3 answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
The amount of energy required for movement depends on the type of locomotion.
A. Swimming is cheaper than flying for animals that swim completely submerged but not for animals that swim on the surface of the water.
B. The demands of creating lift and overcoming drag make flying a more costly form of locomotion than swimming.
C. The demands of creating lift and overcoming drag make flying a more costly form of locomotion than swimming.
D. For animals that are well adapted to underwater swimming, locomotion requires very little energy because they do not have to support their own body weight.
E. Running and walking require more energy than other types of locomotion mainly because of the amount of muscular effort involved in constantly slowing the body down and speeding it up.
F. Riding a bicycle at a fast pace requires much less energy than either running or walking. 


参考答案

1-5：CD (AD) DD

6-10：BDAD (BDE)


相信大家读完后会发现真题和TPO出题思路还是有不少区别，并且也更集中于常规的重要考点（例子、逻辑、定位等等）。如果对于题目有更多疑问，欢迎在留言区留言和Chris讨论。后续我们也会持续更新更多考场真题，欢迎继续关注哦！



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