【托福真题不惑 53】综合口语 Task 4
Testing Format 考试形式
Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.
Listening文本：
Some animals have the ability to mimic or copy other animals. And sometimes predators use this ability to lure in and catch their prey. Pre animals normally don't want to get anywhere near one of their predators for obvious reasons. But if the predators are mimicking another type of animal, their prey might be deceived, tricked into getting close enough to the predator to be caught. Spiders, for instance, spiders use a couple different kinds of mimicry to help them catch their prey.
So first of all, many animals emit chemicals that have a particular smell, and the animals use these odors to recognize other animals. Now, certain spiders have evolved the ability to mimic these smells or the odors of other animals by emitting chemicals that smell similar to the chemicals emitted by their prey, which has the effect of attracting their prey. So the prey will be drawn toward the odor. And then the spider can catch them. For example, a spider that eats moths can emit an odor that smells just like a female moth. So male moths thinking they found a mate, fly straight to the spider.
Okay. Now some spiders hunt and pray on other spiders. And they are effective at this by mimicking the prey of the spiders they are hunting, acting like they are the prey by mimicking their physical actions in order to lure the spider they are hunting, in order to eat them. For example, jumping spiders hunt web building spiders by pretending to be caught in the web building spiders’ web, moving around like it's struggling in the web in order to grab the attention of the web building spider. So the web building spider goes over to investigate, thinking it's caught a meal. And I bet you can guess what happens next.
Summarize the professor’s lecture about how spiders use mimicry. Be sure to include both the example of the moths and the example of the jumping spiders.
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再参考以下子睿老师demo（附文本）
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The professor in the lecture uses tow examples to show us two types of mimicry some spiders use to catch their prey. One is chemical and the other is physical. In the case of chemical mimicry, a moth-eating spider will emit a chemical that smells very much like the kind of chemical emitted by female moths, so when some male moths recognize this smell and think they’ve found a mate, they would get close enough to the spider and become easy prey. Another example is about jumping spiders that eat web building spiders. They use this physical mimicry to pretend to be the prey of web building spiders. They act like that they are caught by the web of web building spiders and that they are struggling. Web building spiders, thinking they’ve caught a meal will get close to investigate, and again, will become easy prey to their predators. That’s all.
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