腹股沟疝修补术丨医学英语视听学习

Inguinal Hernia

腹股沟疝修复术

An inguinal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of abdominal contents, such as the intestine, through an area of weakness in the groin muscles. The protruding intestine resides in what is known as a "hernia sac."

腹股沟疝指肠等腹腔内容物，通过腹股沟肌肉薄弱区，向体表异常突出。突出的肠位于所谓的“疝囊”内。

In some cases, untreated hernias cause complications. For example, if part of the intestines becomes stuck in the hernia opening, its blood supply may be cut off, leading to the death of intestinal tissue. This is called a "strangulated hernia." 

某些情况下，如果不治疗，疝气会引起并发症。例如，如果部分肠卡在疝开口处，肠内血供将被切断，导致肠组织坏死，这种情况称为“绞窄性疝。”

If a surgeon feels you are at risk for this complication, he or she will likely recommend elective hernia repair. 

如果医生认为患者具有并发症发生风险，他/她将可能推荐择期疝气修补术。

Traditional open inguinal hernia repair requires a relatively large single incision. 

传统开放性腹股沟疝修补术需要做相对较大的单切口。

Newer laparoscopic techniques require only tiny keyhole incisions, or puncture wounds, which generally result in a shorter recovery period.

较新型腹腔镜手术只需要做微小锁孔切口，或形成穿刺伤口，因此通常恢复期较短。

When you arrive at the hospital, an intravenous line will be started and you may be given a sedative to help you relax. 

患者入院后，医生开始对其静脉注射，给予镇静剂帮助患者放松。

Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs are done under general anesthesia, which will put you to sleep for the duration of the operation. A breathing tube will be temporarily inserted through your mouth and into your throat to help you breathe during the operation. A catheter may also be placed in your bladder to drain your urine. 

腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术在全麻（使患者手术期间入睡）下进行。医生将呼吸管临时经患者的口腔，插入喉，帮助其术间呼吸；将导尿管置于其膀胱内，帮助排尿。

These will be removed at the end of the procedure.

手术结束时，取出这些器械。

An uncomplicated laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair usually takes between 30 and 60 minutes. Depending on your situation and your surgeon's experience, he or she will choose one of two types of laparoscopic approaches--extraperitoneal laparoscopic repair or trans-abdominal preperitoneal repair.

简单腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术通常需要30~60分钟。根据患者的病情和医生的技术熟练程度，将选择腹膜外腹腔镜修补术或经腹腹膜前修补术进行治疗。

To gain access to the hernia, your surgeon will use sharp instruments called "trocars" to create three small holes or ports through your abdominal wall. 

为接近疝气部位，医生将使用称为“套管针”的锋利器械，经患者腹壁，做3个小孔或端口。

The location of these ports will vary, depending on your surgeon's preference and the type of procedure. One of these ports is usually located at your navel or umbilicus. Carbon dioxide gas will then be pumped through the umbilical port to puff up your abdomen, so its contents can be viewed more easily.

端口的位置因医生的操作习惯和手术类型不同而不同。其中一个端口通常位于肚脐或脐部。然后，医生通过脐孔，将CO2气体泵入患者的腹部，这样可更容易地观察其内容物。

Next, your surgeon will insert the laparoscope through the umbilical port. Images from its camera are projected onto a video monitor in the operating room. 

然后，医生将通过脐孔插入腹腔镜。摄像机拍摄的图像投射在手术室的视频监视器上。

Your surgeon will then pass various instruments through the other ports. These will be used to dissect away the hernia sac and to tack a piece of mesh over the hernia opening. This will prevent the intestine from slipping back through the opening.

然后，医生经其他端口，插入各种器械，用以切除疝囊，并在疝气开口处贴网片，防止肠从开口处滑出。

Before removing the laparoscope, your surgeon will take one final look around for areas of bleeding or other damage. A port valve is briefly left in place to allow all the carbon dioxide to escape from the abdomen.

取出腹腔镜前，医生将对出血或其他缺损区域进行最后一次检查，暂时不缝合气门，使所有CO2排出腹腔。

Finally, the keyhole incisions are closed with sutures or staples, and covered with bandages. 

最后，使用缝合线或缝合钉，缝合锁孔切口，并使用绷带包扎。

After the surgery, your breathing tube and catheter will be removed, and you will be taken to the recovery area for monitoring. You'll be given pain medication as needed. 

手术结束后，取出呼吸管和导尿管，将患者转至康复室进行监测。如有需要，可给予止痛药止痛。

When you're able to drink liquids, your intravenous line will be removed. Most patients can leave the hospital three to five hours after the procedure. 

当患者可摄入流食时，拔除静脉输液管。大多数患者可在术后3~5小时出院。