All the World's a Stage（世界是一个舞台）
文摘
2024-09-28 22:09
陕西
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威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）是英国文艺复兴时期伟大的戏剧家和诗人。1564年4月23日生于英国中部瓦维克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福的一位富裕的市民家庭。其父约翰·莎士比亚是经营羊毛、皮革制造及谷物生意的杂货商，1565年莎士比亚任镇民政官，3年后被选为镇长。莎士比亚七岁时被送到当地的一个文法学校念书，在那里一念就是六年，掌握了写作的基本技巧与丰富的知识。此外，他还学过拉丁语和希腊语。但因他的父亲破产，未能毕业就走上独自谋生之路。1577年被父亲从学校接回，不得已帮他父亲做了一段时间的生意。他当过肉店学徒，也曾在乡村学校教过书，还干过其他各种职业，这使他增长了许多社会阅历。他的代表作有四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》《麦克白》。著名的四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《第十二夜》《皆大欢喜》。历史剧：《亨利四世》《亨利五世》《理查三世》。正剧、悲剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，悲喜剧（传奇剧）：《暴风雨》《辛白林》《冬天的故事》《佩里克勒斯》。还写过154首十四行诗，两首长诗。他的戏剧中放射出的强烈的人文主义思想光芒，以及卓越而大胆的艺术技巧，意义早已超出他的时代和国家的范围。本·琼森说：“他不只属于一个时代而属于全世纪。” To be or not to be. That
is a question. 生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。这是他留给人们的众多警示名言之一。And
all the men and women merely players:They
have their exits and their entrances,And
one man in his time plays many parts,His
acts being seven ages.Mewling
and puking in the nurse’s arms.Then
the whining school-boy, with his satchelAnd
shining morning face, creeping like snailSighing
like furnace, with a woeful balladMade to his mistress’ eyebrow.Full
of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,Jealous
in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,Seeking
the bubble reputationEven
in the cannon’s mouth.In
fair round belly with good capon lined,With
eyes severe and beard of formal cut,Full
of wise saws and modern instances;And
so he plays his part.Into
the lean and slipper’d pantaloon,With
spectacles on nose and pouch on side,His
youthful hose, well saved, a world too wideFor
his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,Turning
again toward childish treble, pipesAnd
whistles in his sound.That
ends this strange eventful history,Is
second childishness and mere oblivion,Sans
teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.Straining his eays, he hears the mewl of a distant cat.They got drunk and puked out the window.They come to me to whine about their troubles.He carried his books in his school satchel.The desire to be a mother may creep up on you unexpectedly.6.furnace：[ˈfɜ:nɪs] n.熔炉，火炉We had better fire up the furnace.7.woeful：[ˈwəʊfl] adj.悲哀的；悲惨的She displayed a woeful ignorance of the rules.The book reads like a ballad.9.capon：[ˈkeɪpɒn] n.阉（公）鸡（尤指养肥供食用的）10. pantaloon: [ˌpæntəl'u:n]
n.傻老头；宽大灯笼裤。He acted as a pantaloon
in the play.11. pouch: [paʊtʃ] n.小袋；烟草袋。这里指人上了年纪之后产生的“眼袋”。She kept her money in a
pouch around her neck.12. spectacle [’spɛktəkəl] n. 眼镜；奇观，壮观He looked at me over the
tops of his spectacles.13. oblivion: [əˈblɪviən]
n.遗忘；淹没He just drank himself
into oblivion.1. What different stages of life are
described in the poem?2. What stage of life described here
touches you most? Why?
