新生儿黄疸的类型丨医学英语视听学习

健康   2024-11-12 12:01   河南  

双语字幕

Types of Jaundice in Newborn

新生儿黄疸的类型


Jaundice in the newborn is the yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, sclera and organs due to the increased accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the body. 

新生儿黄疸是指体内未结合胆红素水平升高,导致皮肤、黏膜、巩膜和器官变黄。


The increased accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the body is due to the increased breakdown of RBC's and haemoglobin to Heme, and bilirubin which is not balanced by the elimination of the bilirubin derivatives from the body.

体内未结合胆红素水平升高是由 RBC 和 血红蛋白分解为血红素和胆红素,它们与体内产生的胆红素清除不平衡导致的。


Jaundice in the newborn could be of the following types:

新生儿黄疸可分为以下类型:


One, physiological jaundice, Two, pathological jaundice

一是生理性黄疸,二是病理性黄疸


The differences between the two are as follows:

两者的区别如下:


physiological jaundice

生理性黄疸


pathological jaundice 

病理性黄疸


One, develops only after second or third day in term infants and after the third or fourth day in preterm infants.

① 足月儿出生后第 2 或 3 天,以及早产儿出生后第 3 或 4 天出现。生理性黄疸


One, develops within the first 24 hours of life. 

① 出生后 24 小时内出现。(病理性黄疸


Two, usually disappears by the seventh day in term infants and by the ninth or tenth day in preterm infants. 

②  足月儿通常在 第 7 天,早产儿通常在第 9 或 10 天消失。生理性黄疸


Two, usually persist for a longer time. 

②  通常持续更长时间。病理性黄疸


3, serum bilirubin tested is usually less than 12 milligrams per deciliter in term infants, and less than 15 milligram per deciliter in preterm infants.

③ 足月儿血清胆红素检测值通常<12 mg/dL,早产儿血清胆红素通常<15 mg/dL。生理性黄疸


3, usually much higher levels of serum bilirubin are seen. 

③  血清胆红素水平通常更高。病理性黄疸


4, daily serum bilirubin rise is less than 5 milligram per deciliter. 

④ 每日血清胆红素升高<5 mg/dL。生理性黄疸


4, the daily serum bilirubin rise is usually much higher.

④ 每日血清胆红素升高通常更高。病理性黄疸


5, kernicterus is not present; 

⑤ 无核黄疸生理性黄疸


5, kernicterus may be present.

⑤ 有核黄疸病理性黄疸


6, the newborn is usually healthy with normal color of the stools and urine; 

⑥ 新生儿通常健康,粪便和尿液颜色正常;生理性黄疸


6, the newborn is usually sick, pale, feeds poorly, and has an abnormal color of the urine and stools.

⑥ 新生儿通常精神不振,面色苍白,进食不良,尿液和粪便颜色异常。病理性黄疸


7, treatment is usually not required.

⑦ 通常不需要治疗。生理性黄疸


7, treatment must be initiated as soon as possible.

⑦ 必须尽快开始治疗。病理性黄疸


(下滑观看完整双语字幕)

视频内容总结

黄疸分为生理性黄疸和病理性黄疸
二者之间的区别
序号生理性黄疸病理性黄疸
01

足月儿出生后第 2 或 3 天;

早产儿出生后第 3 或 4 天出现

出生后 24 小时内出现
02

足月儿通常在 第 7 天;

早产儿通常在第 9 或 10 天消失

通常持续更长时间
03

足月儿血清胆红素检测值通常<12 mg/dL;

早产儿血清胆红素通常<15 mg/dL

血清胆红素水平通常更高
04每日血清胆红素升高<5 mg/dL每日血清胆红素升高通常更高
05无核黄疸有核黄疸
06

新生儿通常健康,

粪便和尿液颜色正常

新生儿通常精神不振,面色苍白,

进食不良,尿液和粪便颜色异常

07通常不需要治疗必须尽快开始治疗


相关单词学习


  • Kernicterus


①发音和释义



ker·nic·ter·us/kə'niktərəs/n. 核黄疸

A condition in the newborn marked by severe neural symptoms, associated with high levels of bilirubin in the blood.


单词 kernicterus 由下列成分构成


kernel 核

+

ikterus 黄疸

图源:太帅图库


  • Haemoglobin

he•mo•glo•bin/ˌhiːməˈgləʊbɪn/n. 血红蛋白

A conjugated protein, consisting of haem and the protein globin.


单词 haemoglobin 由下列成分构成

hemo-(前缀)血液

+

globulin 球蛋白


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《新生儿疾病专辑》暂定12节课,分别讲解新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)、新生儿呼吸窘迫、新生儿颅内出血、胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)和新生儿黄疸等相关的病因,症状和治疗,每节课匹配有中英文字幕,以及相应的单词列表。

Time tries all.

时间检验一切。


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