ERP实施项目管理的
成功经验与教训
Lessons Learned: Effective Project Management in ERP Implementations
对项目管理的认知演变
Evolving Perspectives on Project Management
作为一名初级ERP顾问，我最初认为项目管理主要是遵守时间表，并在必要时调整截止日期。然而，我职业生涯早期的一次实施项目彻底改变了这种看法。
在这个项目中，与两个不同供应商的API集成由于人力资源短缺导致上线日期延迟。因此，客户决定将上线过程分为三个独立阶段，每个阶段都有自己的时间表。
当时，我认为只要客户同意变更，按新时间表推进是可以接受的。然而，我后来意识到，这种方法忽略了许多关键因素，这些因素会影响项目的成功和整体业务表现。
As a junior ERP consultant, I initially thought project management was mainly about sticking to timelines and adjusting deadlines when necessary. However, an early implementation project in my career drastically changed this view.
During this project, integrating APIs with two different vendors caused delays in the go-live date due to reported manpower shortages. As a result, the customer decided to divide the go-live process into three distinct phases, each with its own timeline.
At the time, I assumed that proceeding with the revised schedule was acceptable as long as the customer approved the changes. However, I later realized that this approach overlooked several critical factors that influence a project's success and overall business performance.
项目管理的关键考虑因素
Key Considerations in Project Management
1. 利润率：
项目每多花一天，就会增加资源成本，包括顾问薪资、软件许可证和运营费用。
这些额外成本会侵蚀项目利润，甚至可能将一个盈利的项目变成亏损项目。
2. 资源分配：
延期一个项目通常会推迟其他项目。
被占用的资源可能无法用于新机会，导致错失商机或与其他客户的关系紧张。
3. 客户满意度：
虽然客户可能同意延期，但如果项目被认为效率低下或管理不善，其长期满意度可能会受到影响。
这种不满可能会影响未来的业务机会或客户推荐。
4. 范围蔓延和不必要的风险：
在没有结构化计划的情况下推迟截止日期可能会导致范围蔓延，增加未计划的任务。
这可能导致进一步的延迟、成本增加和额外的风险。
5. 团队士气和生产力：
时间表的频繁更改可能会打击团队士气，造成混乱，降低生产力。
明确的计划和执行对于保持团队专注和高效至关重要。
1. Profit Margin:
Every additional day spent on a project increases resource costs, including consultant salaries, software licenses, and operational expenses.
These extended costs can erode the project’s profit margin, potentially turning a profitable engagement into a financial loss.
2. Resource Allocation:
Extending one project often delays others.
Resources tied up in one project may become unavailable for new opportunities, leading to missed business prospects or strained relationships with other customers.
3. Customer Satisfaction:
While the customer may agree to a delay, their long-term satisfaction could suffer if the project is perceived as inefficient or poorly managed.
Such dissatisfaction may impact future business opportunities or referrals.
4. Scope Creep and Unnecessary Risks:
Postponing deadlines without a structured plan can lead to scope creep, where unplanned tasks are added.
This may result in further delays, increased costs, and additional risks.
5. Team Morale and Productivity:
Frequent changes to timelines can demotivate team members, create confusion, and lower productivity.
Clear planning and execution are essential to keeping the team focused and efficient.
实际影响
Real-World Impact
在我的案例中，由于客户需求未满足和偏离工作说明书而推迟上线日期，客户满意度受到了负面影响。将上线拆分为三个阶段还要求功能和技术顾问以及项目经理比预期更长时间地参与。这种延长的时间表：
阻止团队成员转入其他项目。
降低利润率。
造成可用资源短缺。
额外的挑战包括责任期延长、利益相关者个人日程的中断，以及非关键用户因实际上线日期与之前沟通不一致而产生的困惑。
In my case, postponing the go-live date due to unmet customer requirements and deviations from the statement of work negatively impacted customer satisfaction. Splitting the go-live into three phases also required functional and technical consultants, along with the project manager, to remain engaged longer than initially planned. This extended timeline:
Prevented team members from transitioning to other projects.
Reduced the profit margin.
Strained available resources.
Additional challenges included prolonged accountability, disruptions to stakeholders’ personal schedules, and confusion among non-key users when actual go-live dates did not align with earlier communications.
关键启示
Key Takeaways
通过解决这些因素，项目管理可以避免不必要的延迟，保护利润率，并确保成功的实施，从而满足客户和业务的需求。
理解决策的更广泛影响——例如推迟上线日期——对于在ERP项目中取得成功至关重要。项目管理不仅仅是满足截止日期；它更是要在时间、成本和质量之间保持平衡，提供有价值的成果。
By addressing these factors, project management can avoid unnecessary delays, protect profit margins, and ensure successful implementations that satisfy both the customer and the business.
Understanding the broader implications of decisions—such as postponing a go-live date—is crucial for excelling in ERP projects. Project management is not just about meeting deadlines; it’s about delivering value while balancing time, cost, and quality effectively.
【END】
作者：Linda Chang
审核：Yan Chen
编辑：王 锐
