双语字幕
How Pulmonary Hypertension Develops
肺动脉高压的发生机制
Shortness of breath and increasingly impaired function are typical in patients with pulmonary hypertension. They are often unable to climb even ten steps and simple daily tasks become insurmountable challenges.
呼吸急促和功能逐渐受损是肺动脉高压患者的典型特征。患者往往甚至连 10 个台阶都攀爬不到，更不必说是简单的日常任务了。
Frequently, the cause is a constriction of the pulmonary arteries. This reduces the amount of oxygen transported and results ultimately in oxygen deficiency.
肺动脉高压常见的原因是肺动脉收缩。这会减少输送的氧气量，最终导致缺氧。
The lungs are where gases are exchanged between the blood and the air inhaled into the body. Oxygen is taken up and enriches the red blood cells.
肺是血液和吸入体内的空气之间发生气体交换的场所。氧气被结合，红细胞富氧。
During physical exertion, the arteries dilate so that every heartbeat can transport enough blood containing the oxygen the body needs from the lungs.
体力活动期间，动脉扩张，因此每次心跳都促使肺向身体输送所需的足够的含氧血液。
One reason for the arteries dilating in this way is a messenger substance formed as the end product of a biochemical reaction chain triggered by nitric oxide in the arterial walls.
动脉扩张是由于动脉壁内的NO 触发生化反应链，生成最终产物--信使物质。
This reaction chain is disrupted in patients with pulmonary hypertension and arterial dilation thus worsens increasingly.
肺动脉高压患者的这种反应链被扰乱，因此动脉扩张日益恶化。
In addition, the walls of the arteries thicken, constricting the passageways for the blood.
此外，动脉壁增厚，导致血液通道变窄。
Eventually the amount of blood passing through the lungs is insufficient to ensure an adequate supply of oxygen to the body and the patient experiences shortness of breath.
最终，通过肺的血液量不足以确保向身体提供足够的氧气，患者出现呼吸急促。
As a result, the heart tries to pump more blood through the lungs. This increases pulmonary blood pressure to as much as ten times its normal value, yet without achieving adequate oxygen throughput.
因此，心脏尝试向肺泵送更多的血液，导致肺动脉压增加到正常值的 10 倍，但提供的氧气量仍然不足。
相关单词学习
Pulmonary
①发音和释义
pul•mo•nar•y/ˈpʌlmənəri/adj. 肺的，肺部的，与肺有关的
Of or affecting the lungs.
单词 pulmonary 由下列成分构成
pulmon- 肺
+
-ary（后缀）与…有关的
（图源：太帅图库）
Hypertension
hy•per•ten•sion/ˌhaɪpərˈtɛnʃən/n. 高血压
High blood pressure.
单词 hypertension 由下列成分构成
hyper-（前缀）过多，过高
+
tension 拉力，张力，紧张，绷紧状态
（图源：太帅图库）
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