Hello，大家好！
这里是壹脑云科研圈，我是喵君姐姐～
注意力（Attention）是主动处理环境中特定信息的能力，也是灵活控制有限计算资源的重要能力。它已与神经科学和心理学中的许多其他主题一起研究，包括意识、警惕性、显著性、执行控制和学习。它最近也被应用于机器学习的多个领域。注意力当然远不是一个清晰或统一的概念。
然而，尽管有许多模糊的、有时甚至是相互矛盾的定义，但有一种核心的注意力质量显然对大脑中的信息处理以及越来越多的人工系统非常重要。意识到注意力在大脑中扮演着许多角色，因此将其添加到人工神经网络中也就不足为奇了。
人工神经网络是由单个单元组成的并行处理系统，旨在模拟神经元的基本输入输出功能。这些模型目前在机器学习和人工智能 （AI） 文献中占据主导地位。最初在不加注意的情况下构建，现在已经添加了用于动态重新配置这些网络的表示或结构的各种机制。
今天给大家带来的就是注意力专业知识的全球顶级大牛们（top 1-5）。
想了解我们介绍的领域，欢迎点击下方链接：
信息来源：http://expertscape.com
学者筛选标准：被引用数量top1-5
在下文叙述过程中，将按照以下结构分享：
1.学者简介
2.高质量论文分享
大家快来一起看看吧~
01
Anna Christina Nobre
邮箱：kia.nobre@psy.ox.ac.uk, kia.nobre@ohba.ox.ac.uk
网址：https://www.psy.ox.ac.uk
研究兴趣：认知神经科学、认知神经心理学、记忆力、大脑、视觉注意力、神经成像、学习与记忆
影响力（图片来源：https://expertscape.com)
简介
Anna Christina Nobre是牛津大学实验心理学系认知神经科学教授，耶鲁大学心理学系博士，牛津人类大脑活动中心主任。目前研究大脑如何在不同的时间尺度上从感觉流和记忆中优先排序和选择信息，以形成心理体验和指导行为。
除了揭示这些大规模主动和动态调节机制的基本机制外，她还对它们在生命周期中如何发展以及它们在精神和神经退行性疾病中如何被破坏感兴趣。她的工作将行为方法（心理物理学、眼动追踪、虚拟现实）与创新的、非侵入性的技术相结合，以成像和刺激人脑（脑磁图和脑电图、磁共振成像和脑刺激）。
最新研究
1.不断变化的注意力
Nobre, A. C., & van Ede, F. (2023). Attention in flux.Neuron, 111(7), 971–986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.032
2.将注意力从内向外转移：工作记忆如何服务于行为
van Ede, F., & Nobre, A. C. (2023). Turning Attention Inside Out: How Working Memory Serves Behavior.Annual review of psychology, 74, 137–165. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-021422-041757
3.显微镜短暂性改变脑电图α活性
Liu, B., Nobre, A. C., & van Ede, F. (2023). Microsaccades transiently lateralise EEG alpha activity.Progress in neurobiology, 224, 102433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102433
4.多任务情况下可预测时间结构的后果
Gresch, D., Boettcher, S. E. P., Nobre, A. C., & van Ede, F. (2022). Consequences of predictable temporal structure in multi-task situations.Cognition, 225, 105156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105156
5.实时性：时空规律指导幼儿在动态环境中的注意力
Shalev, N., Boettcher, S., Wilkinson, H., Scerif, G., & Nobre, A. C. (2022). Be there on time: Spatial-temporal regularities guide young children's attention in dynamic environments.Child development, 93(5), 1414–1426. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13770
6.睁开的眼睛：通过时间期望调节觉醒
Shalev, N., & Nobre, A. C. (2022). Eyes wide open: Regulation of arousal by temporal expectations.Cognition, 224, 105062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105062
7.正确的位置，正确的时间：时空预测引导动态视觉搜索的注意力
Boettcher, S. E. P., Shalev, N., Wolfe, J. M., & Nobre, A. C. (2022). Right place, right time: Spatiotemporal predictions guide attention in dynamic visual search.Journal of experimental psychology. General, 151(2), 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000901
8.临时可预测的外部干扰对工作记忆表示的屏蔽
Gresch, D., Boettcher, S. E. P., van Ede, F., & Nobre, A. C. (2021). Shielding working-memory representations from temporally predictable external interference.Cognition, 217, 104915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104915
9.神经生物学的内部选择性注意
10.帕金森病的时序定位
02
Jan Theeuwes
邮箱：j.theeuwes@vu.nl
网址：https://research.vu.nl/en/persons/jan-theeuwes
研究兴趣：视觉注意力、认知神经科学、认知心理学、眼动、工作记忆
影响力（图片来源：https://expertscape.com)
简介
Jan Theeuwes就职于阿姆斯特丹自由大学。目前，他的ERC团队专注于统计学习、注意和情绪。他在经典的心理物理学中运用了脑电图、功能磁共振成像、患者工作和建模等技术。2010年,他当选为荷兰皇家科学院院士，也是欧洲认知心理学协会主席。2016年，他创建了阿姆斯特丹大脑与行为研究所，集中研究了影响人类行为的心理学、神经学和认知学方面的优秀跨学科研究。
最新研究
1.在显示开始前，注意力的抑制是存在的
Huang, C., Donk, M., & Theeuwes, J. (2023). Attentional suppression is in place before display onset.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 85(4), 1012–1020. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-023-02704-6
2.对象内部的统计学习
van Moorselaar, D., & Theeuwes, J. (2023). Statistical Learning Within Objects.Psychological science, 34(4), 501–511. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976231154804
3.时空规律的统计学习动态地引导整个空间的视觉注意力
Xu, Z., Theeuwes, J., & Los, S. A. (2023). Statistical learning of spatiotemporal regularities dynamically guides visual attention across space.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 85(4), 1054–1072. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02573-5
4.研究干扰器抑制的十个简单规则
Wöstmann, M., Störmer, V. S., Obleser, J., Addleman, D. A., Andersen, S. K., Gaspelin, N., Geng, J. J., Luck, S. J., Noonan, M. P., Slagter, H. A., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Ten simple rules to study distractor suppression.Progress in neurobiology, 213, 102269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102269
5.统计学习导致的空间增强跟踪估计的空间概率
Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wang B, Theeuwes J. Spatial enhancement due to statistical learning tracks the estimated spatial probability. Atten Percept Psychophys. 2022 May;84(4):1077-1086. doi: 10.3758/s13414-022-02489-0. Epub 2022 Apr 14. PMID: 35426029; PMCID: PMC9076714.
6.视觉搜索统计规律引起的主动增强和抑制
Huang, C., Donk, M., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Proactive enhancement and suppression elicited by statistical regularities in visual search.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance, 48(5), 443–457. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0001002
7.串行搜索过程中跨试验规则的统计学习
Li, A. S., Bogaerts, L., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Statistical learning of across-trial regularities during serial search.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance, 48(3), 262–274. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000987
8.学习压制一个地方并不取决于知道哪个地方
Gao, Y., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Learning to suppress a location does not depend on knowing which location.Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 84, 1087 - 1097.https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:247056702}
9.希望分心有帮助吗?注意力捕获被高干扰器频率减弱,但不是通过试验到试验的可预测性。
Bogaerts, L., van Moorselaar, D., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Does it help to expect distraction? Attentional capture is attenuated by high distractor frequency but not by trial-to-trial predictability.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246649984
10.奖励学习和统计学习独立影响了视觉搜索中显著干扰因素的注意力优先级
Le Pelley, M. E., Ung, R., Mine, C., Most, S. B., Watson, P., Pearson, D., & Theeuwes, J. (2022). Reward learning and statistical learning independently influence attentional priority of salient distractors in visual search.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 84(5), 1446–1459. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-021-02426-7
03
Brian A Anderson
邮箱：brian.anderson@tamu.edu
网址：https://liberalarts.tamu.edu/psychology/profile/brian-anderson/
研究兴趣：注意、认知心理学、实验心理学、认知神经科学
影响力（图片来源：https://expertscape.com)
简介
Brian A Anderson是德克萨斯A&M大学心理和神经科学系教授。他研究调查了奖励学习改变我们未来注意力的机制。为此，他开创了一种方法，在这种方法中，简单、任意的刺激与训练过程中的奖励配对，然后在执行后续任务时表现为与任务无关的干扰因素。
他使用人类行为和功能神经影像学研究了这些先前与奖励相关的刺激是如何在健康参与者和与成瘾和其他精神病理学作斗争的个体中处理的。他还对惩罚学习如何影响随后的注意力感兴趣，以及我们如何采用以目标为导向的注意力控制以尽量减少分心。
最新研究
1.甄选历史有助于非最佳的注意策略
Lee, D. S., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). Selection history contributes to suboptimal attention strategies.Psychonomic bulletin & review, 30(5), 1866–1873. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02285-3
2.编码历史增强了工作记忆的编码:属性失忆的证据
Yan, N., Grindell, J.D., & Anderson, B.A. (2023). Encoding history enhances working memory encoding: Evidence from attribute amnesia.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:257764801
3.论价值与威胁驱动的注意力捕捉与回避偏差的关系
Kim, H., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). On the Relationship between Value- and Threat-Driven Attentional Capture and Approach-Avoidance Biases.Brain sciences, 13(2), 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020158
4.视觉搜索是一项艰巨的工作
Anderson, B. A., & Lee, D. S. (2023). Visual search as effortful work.Journal of experimental psychology. General, 152(6), 1580–1597. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001334
5.期望值和统计学习对注意力控制的联合影响二：域内可加性证据
Ogden, A., Kim, H., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). Combined influence of valence and statistical learning on the control of attention II: Evidence from within-domain additivity.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 85(2), 277–283. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02622-z
6.主要奖励和厌恶结果对注意力偏向有类似的影响
Kim, H., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). Primary rewards and aversive outcomes have comparable effects on attentional bias.Behavioral neuroscience, 137(2), 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000543
7.干扰器形状的统计学习调节注意力捕捉
Kim, H., Ogden, A., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). Statistical learning of distractor shape modulates attentional capture.Vision research, 202, 108155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2022.108155
8.基于价值的注意力优先权的生成是特定的类别
Clement, A., Grégoire, L., & Anderson, B. A. (2023). Generalisation of value-based attentional priority is category-specific.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006), 76(10), 2401–2409. https://doi.org/10.1177/17470218221144318
9.基于价值的注意力优先权的跨模式推广
Grégoire, L., Mrkonja, L., & Anderson, B. A. (2022). Cross-modal generalization of value-based attentional priority.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 84(8), 2423–2431. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02551-x
10.这是一个测试:当实验记录时,眼运动捕捉
Anderson, B. A., & Mrkonja, L. (2022). This is a test: Oculomotor capture when the experiment keeps score.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 84(7), 2115–2126. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-022-02545-9
04
Marisa Carrasco
邮箱：-
网址：https://carrascolab.hosting.nyu.edu/ , https://www. amacad.org/person/marisa-carrasco
研究兴趣：神经科学、视觉研究、视觉注意力、眼动、动作感知
影响力（图片来源：https://expertscape.com)
简介
Marisa Carrasco是纽约大学心理学系心理学和神经学教授，也是心理学系的前任系主任。她的研究使用心理物理学、神经影像学和建模探索视觉感知和注意力中涉及的心理和神经机制之间的关系。她的团队研究了视觉感知和注意力的基本过程中涉及的心理和生理机制之间的关系。
最新研究
1.经颅磁刺激额而非枕皮层干扰内源性注意
Fernández, A., Hanning, N. M., & Carrasco, M. (2023). Transcranial magnetic stimulation to frontal but not occipital cortex disrupts endogenous attention.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120(10), e2219635120. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219635120
2.微扫视作为一种长期的眼动与视觉知觉学习有关
Hung, S. C., & Carrasco, M. (2023). Microsaccades as a long-term oculomotor correlate in visual perceptual learning.Psychonomic bulletin & review, 30(1), 235–249. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02151-8
3.视觉双视训练中内源性空间注意的益处
Cavanaugh, M. R., Tadin, D., Carrasco, M., & Huxlin, K. R. (2022). Benefits of Endogenous Spatial Attention During Visual Double-Training in Cortically-Blinded Fields.Frontiers in neuroscience, 16, 771623. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.771623
4.内生和外源注意对感官调谐的差异效应
Fernández, A., Okun, S., & Carrasco, M. (2022). Differential Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Attention on Sensory Tuning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 42(7), 1316–1327. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0892-21.2021
5.看或不看:分离前遗忘和隐蔽的空间注意
Li, H. H., Hanning, N. M., & Carrasco, M. (2021). To look or not to look: dissociating presaccadic and covert spatial attention.Trends in neurosciences, 44(8), 669–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2021.05.002
6.内源性和外源性注意力差异性改变视觉感知的影像可计算模型
Jigo, M., Heeger, D. J., & Carrasco, M. (2021). An image-computable model of how endogenous and exogenous attention differentially alter visual perception.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(33), e2106436118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106436118
7.基于特征的关注能够在人类感知学习中实现健壮、持久的位置转移
Hung, S. C., & Carrasco, M. (2021). Feature-based attention enables robust, long-lasting location transfer in human perceptual learning.Scientific reports, 11(1), 13914. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93016-y
8.时间注意力动态正常化模型
Denison RN, Carrasco M, Heeger DJ. A dynamic normalization model of temporal attention. Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Dec;5(12):1674-1685. doi: 10.1038/s41562-021-01129-1. Epub 2021 Jun 17. PMID: 34140658; PMCID: PMC8678377.
9.自愿关注同样提高了视觉领域的表现
Purokayastha, S., Roberts, M., & Carrasco, M. (2021). Voluntary attention improves performance similarly around the visual field.Attention, perception & psychophysics, 83(7), 2784–2794. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-021-02316-y
10.不同的计算构成了公开的预先和隐蔽的空间注意
Li, H. H., Pan, J., & Carrasco, M. (2021). Different computations underlie overt presaccadic and covert spatial attention.Nature human behaviour, 5(10), 1418–1431. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01099-4
05
Yair Bar-Haim
邮箱：yair1@tauex.tau.ac.il
网址：https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-9180
研究兴趣：焦虑症、创伤后应激、发育精神病理学、认知行为疗法、治疗、心理复原力、共病、元分析、心理评估、精神疾病、认知和情感神经科学、临床心理学
影响力（图片来源：https://expertscape.com)
简介
Yair Bar-Haim是以色列特拉维夫大学心理学和神经科学教授，心理科学学院和萨戈尔神经科学学院的注册临床心理学家。他的研究室研究的重点是与压力相关的疾病，包括创伤后应激障碍 （PTSD）、焦虑症和抑郁症。他们应用实验范式、神经影像学技术、随机对照试验和认知-发育-神经科学方法探索生物学、认知学、 以及这些精神病理学的行为方面。
最新研究
1.注意力分配的眼球跟踪指标和注意力偏差变异与创伤暴露和创伤后应激障碍有不同的关系
Alon, Y., Bar-Haim, Y., Dykan, C. D. G., Suarez-Jimenez, B., Zhu, X., Neria, Y., & Lazarov, A. (2023). Eye-tracking indices of attention allocation and attention bias variability are differently related to trauma exposure and PTSD.Journal of anxiety disorders, 96, 102715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102715
2.注意训练作为青少年焦虑症的低强度治疗的临床研究
Pettit, J. W., Rey, Y., Marin, C. E., Bechor, M., Lebowitz, E. R., Vasey, M. W., Jaccard, J., Abend, R., Pine, D. S., Bar-Haim, Y., & Silverman, W. K. (2023). Attention Training as a Low-Intensity Treatment for Concerning Anxiety in Clinic-Referred Youth.Behavior therapy, 54(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2022.07.004
3.随机对照试验监督远程传递注意力偏差修正创伤后应激障碍
Alon, Y., Azriel, O., Pine, D. S., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2023). A randomized controlled trial of supervised remotely-delivered attention bias modification for posttraumatic stress disorder.Psychological medicine, 53(8), 3601–3610. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200023X
4.人类焦虑中的注意力偏差
Valadez, E. A., Pine, D. S., Fox, N. A., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2022). Attentional biases in human anxiety.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 142, 104917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104917
5.尽管编码过程中注意回避,但对厌恶表达的增强识别仍然存在
Zalmenson, T., Azriel, O., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2023). Enhanced recognition of disgusted expressions occurs in spite of attentional avoidance at encoding.Frontiers in psychology, 13, 1063073. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1063073
6.创伤后应激障碍患者对消极有效刺激的注意力分配与奖励相关的神经通路有关。
Suarez-Jimenez, B., Lazarov, A., Zhu, X., Pine, D. S., Bar-Haim, Y., & Neria, Y. (2023). Attention allocation to negatively-valenced stimuli in PTSD is associated with reward-related neural pathways.Psychological medicine, 53(10), 4666–4674. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172200157X
7.由于对愤怒面孔的易怒和注意力偏见,在检查任务中,与环境相关的杏仁酸-前额叶的连接性也有所不同。
Naim, R., Haller, S. P., Linke, J. O., Jaffe, A., Stoddard, J., Jones, M., Harrewijn, A., Kircanski, K., Bar-Haim, Y., & Brotman, M. A. (2022). Context-dependent amygdala-prefrontal connectivity during the dot-probe task varies by irritability and attention bias to angry faces.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 47(13), 2283–2291. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01307-3
8.关注控制训练作为对退伍军人的早期干预：一个随机对照试验
Metcalf, O., O'Donnell, M. L., Forbes, D., Bar-Haim, Y., Hodson, S., Bryant, R. A., McFarlane, A. C., Morton, D., Poerio, L., Naim, R., & Varker, T. (2022). Attention-control training as an early intervention for veterans leaving the military: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of traumatic stress, 35(4), 1291–1299. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22828
9.社交焦虑障碍患者注视相关音乐奖励疗法中症状变化的休眠状态连通性预测作用
Zhu, X., Lazarov, A., Dolan, S., Bar-Haim, Y., Dillon, D. G., Pizzagalli, D. A., & Schneier, F. (2023). Resting state connectivity predictors of symptom change during gaze-contingent music reward therapy of social anxiety disorder.Psychological medicine, 53(7), 3115–3123. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721005171
10.注意力偏见问卷的开发和验证
Azriel, O., Britton, J. C., Gober, C. D., Pine, D. S., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2022). Development and validation of the Attention Bias Questionnaire (ABQ).International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 31(2), e1905. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1905
本期分享就到这里啦！我们下期再见！
