利用家蝇幼虫实现厨余垃圾厌氧沼渣高值化的可行性研究
Feasibility of housefly larvae-mediated vermicomposting for recycling food waste added digestate as additive
Guangyu Cui, Fan Lü, Tao Lu, Hua Zhang, Pinjing He*
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.016
摘要
厨余垃圾厌氧沼渣的高效资源化亟需可行的技术方法。虽然家蝇幼虫已被应用于餐厨垃圾的减量化及资源化，但对于沼渣的相关研究包括可行性及效果分析仍较少。本文旨在探讨通过家蝇幼虫协同处理厨余垃圾及其厌氧沼渣作为辅料）的可行性。分别以餐厨垃圾和家庭厨余垃圾为对象，考察添加不同比例沼渣条件下，幼虫生物转化后虫粪品质和幼虫生物量。结果表明，沼渣添加率为25%时垃圾减量率为50.9%-57.8%，略低于未添加沼渣组（62.8%-65.9%）。但是，添加沼渣可提高虫粪沙的种子发芽指数（如添加率为25%，GI达到82%），同时降低好氧呼吸指数（最低值为30 mg-O2/g-TS）。物料平衡数据说明，随着沼渣添加量的增加，幼虫生物量和代谢当量呈下降趋势，且厨余垃圾组的生物转化率均低于餐厨垃圾组。综上所述，沼渣作为辅料其添加率较低（25%）时，以幼虫生物量和虫粪生物稳定性作为评价指标，餐厨垃圾的家蝇幼虫生物转化效果最佳。
亮点
添加沼渣至餐厨垃圾可显著提高虫粪的种子发芽指数并降低其好氧呼吸指数；幼虫生物量及代谢当量随沼渣添加量的增加而降低；25%的沼渣添加量可显著减少餐厨垃圾量并获得最高的幼虫生物量。
Abstract
The development of methods for the efficient treatment and application of food waste digestate is an important research goal. Vermicomposting via housefly larvae is an efficient way to reduce food waste and achieve its valorization, however, studies on the application and performance of digestate in vermicomposting are rarely. The present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the co-treatment of food waste and digestate as an additive via larvae. Restaurant food waste (RFW) and household food waste (HFW) were selected to assess the effects of waste type on vermicomposting performance and larval quality. Waste reduction rates of 50.9%–57.8% were observed in the vermicomposting of food waste mixed with digestate at a ratio of 25%, which were slightly lower than those for treatments without the addition of digestate (62.8%–65.9%). The addition of digestate increased the germination index, with a maximum value of 82% in the RFW treatments with 25% digestate, and decreased the respiration activity, with a minimum value of 30 mg-O2/g-TS. The larval productivity of 13.9% in the RFW treatment system with a digestate rate of 25% was lower that without digestate (19.5%). Materials balance shows that larval biomass and metabolic equivalent had decreasing trends as the amount of digestate increased and HFW vermicomposting exhibited lower bioconversion efficiency than that of RFW treatment system regardless of the addition of digestate. These results suggest that mixing digestate at a low ratio (25%) during vermicomposting of food waste especially RFW could lead to considerable larval biomass and generate relatively stable residues.
作者简介
第一作者
崔广宇，日本国立岐阜大学工学博士，同济大学环境科学与工程学院博士后，现为北京大学深圳研究生院博士后；致力于有机固废（污泥、厨余垃圾及沼渣等）生物资源化方面的研究，以第一（通讯）作者在Bioresource Technology、Science of the Total Environment、《农业资源与环境学报》等国内外学术期刊发表论文13篇；兼任《环境卫生工程》期刊青年编委、中国城市环境卫生协会村镇垃圾治理专业委员会秘书。
通讯作者
何品晶，同济大学二级教授/长聘教授、博士生导师，固体废物处理与资源化研究所所长；《Waste Management》（Elsevier）期刊共同主编、《环境卫生工程》期刊主编；住房和城乡建设部科学技术委员会“城市环境卫生”和“农房与村镇建设”专业委员会委员；国家环境保护危险废物鉴别与风险控制重点实验室学术委员会委员。国家重点研发计划项目“村镇生活垃圾高值化利用与二次污染控制技术装备”负责人。连年入选Elsevier中国高被引学者和全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单。
原文链接
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074222003680
引用格式
Guangyu Cui, Fan Lü, Tao Lu, Hua Zhang, Pinjing He, 2023. Feasibility of housefly larvae-mediated vermicomposting for recycling food waste added digestate as additive. J. Environ. Sci. 128, 150-160.
何品晶教授课题组博士后岗位招聘
研究方向：
固体废物的生物处理、热化学处理、填埋技术，及相关的恶臭、渗滤液等二次污染及碳排放控制技术。具体方向包括但不限于：1）固体废物处理与资源化技术；2）固体废物相关新污染物（微塑料、抗性基因、内分泌干扰素等）赋存规律和控制技术研究；3）基于机器学习的固废识别和智慧处理新技术与管理方法；4）固体废物处理和利用过程碳排放及全生命周期评价方法。
薪酬待遇：
1）工资待遇：学校提供具有竞争力的薪酬待遇，普通博士后税前年薪30万+，获“博士后创新人才支持计划”税前年薪42万+、“博士后国际交流计划引进项目”、 “上海市超级博士后计划”税前年薪36万+；团队视博士后科研工作业绩给与配套；2）提供博士后公寓或住房补贴；3）科研条件：丰富的、高水平的科研平台。
应聘条件:
见单位网站
https://zp.tongji.edu.cn/info/1063/17816.htm
联系方式：
021-6598-1383，
solidwaste@tongji.edu.cn（何品晶）
