24年11月22日文献情报（20篇）

24年11月22日文献情报

1. 题目: Engineered biochar for in-situ and ex-situ remediation of contaminants from soil and water

文章编号: N24112220
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Masud Hassan, Bing Wang, Pan Wu, Shengsen Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Tailoring physical and chemical properties of biochar enhances its selectivity, treatability, and efficiency in contaminant remediation. Thus, engineered biochar has emerged as a promising remedy for both in-situ and ex-situ remediation of polluted soil and water. Several factors influence the effectiveness of engineered biochar, including feedstock sources, pyrolysis conditions, surface functionalization, mode of application, and site characteristics. The advantages and disadvantages of different modification approaches to engineered biochar and their specific treatability for in-situ and ex-situ remediation are obscure and must be adequately addressed. This review critically evaluates the application of engineered biochar for on/off-spot contamination management, taking into account the long-term stability and biocompatibility prospects. The properties of engineered biochar resulting from modification with clay minerals, nanoparticles, polymers, surfactants, and oxidants/reductants were critically reviewed. Recent progress and advances in remediation mechanisms and modes of application were elaborated for the effective removal of organic and inorganic contaminants, including heavy metals, pesticides, dyes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, and agrochemicals. Several crucial parameters influence in-situ remediation, including the distribution of contaminants, background electrolytes, hydraulic conductivity, as well as dispersion and stability of adsorbents. Ex-situ remediation of pollutants relies heavily on adsorption or degradation kinetics, background electrolytes, adsorbent dose, and pollutant concentrations. In addition, factors restricting the application of engineered biochar were highlighted for long-term sustainable contaminant management and maintaining low environmental impact. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of utilizing engineered biochar for field-scale demonstration of contaminated sites are proposed.
文章二维码:

2. 题目: Estuarine wetland tidal organic carbon activates microbial carbon pump and increases long-term soil carbon stability

文章编号: N24112219
期刊: Catena
作者: Mengdi Xie, Haoyu Dong, Xiaolu Tang, Liwei Qian, Wenxuan Mei, Jianfang Yan, Xiaohua Fu, Yu Hu, Lei Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Capture of tidal organic carbon (TOC) in estuarine systems can increase soil respiration (SR) and OC breakdown, but it is also revealed tht TOC input intensity may influence the accumulation of microbial necromass, which affects soil carbon sink of estuarine wetland. To clarify how TOC input affects the microbial carbon pump and SOC stability, we conducted a 6-year field study in low and high flats of the Yangtze River estuary and examined C cycling processes. In low tide flats, where TOC input decreased from upstream to downstream, SR decreased with the increases of SOC, whereas the microbial necromass contribution to SOC decreased from 52.16% to 41.75%, which was higher than the contribution of plant-derived refractory C. Additionally, on a mudflat, which had the highest TOC capture but lacked plant C input, microbial necromass accounted for the largest percentage of SOC (61.45%). These indicated that TOC input could increase the contribution of microbial necromass C toward SOC, in comparation with plant lignin. And the promotion of TOC input to OC stability of wetland soil would become significant with the accumulation of TOC in soil after a long period. The analysis of bacterial and fungal community structure verified this speculation that the abundance of C-associated heterotrophic bacteria and fungi increased in soil with high TOC input. These findings further supplement our previous study about the short-term inhibition effect of TOC input to SOC sequestration.
文章二维码:

3. 题目: Redox Oscillation-Driven Production of Reactive Oxygen Species from Black Carbon

文章编号: N24112218
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Xuan Li, Mengxi Tan, Binbin Wu, Jingyi Wang, Junye Ma, Baoliang Chen, Chiheng Chu
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Wildfire and stubble burning release substantial amounts of black carbon (BC) into natural environments that experience frequent redox oscillations, such as wetlands and farmlands. Here, we report that redox oscillations can effectively drive ROS production from BC. Following sequential microbial reduction and air exposure, 6.5 ± 0.2 μM/g_C hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and 285.3 ± 9.5 nM/g_C hydroxyl radical (•OH) were produced from BC. Moreover, BC derived from various biomass sources, temperatures, and particle sizes exhibits 111.5-fold variations in ROS production. Electrochemical analyses revealed that both the electron transfer capacity and the ROS production selectivity are critical determinants of ROS generation under redox oscillations. The variation in electron transfer capacity (0.3–5.7 mmol e^–/g_C) is primarily governed by the abundance of electron-storing moieties such as quinones, while the ROS generation selectivity (26.2–72.0%) is influenced by the presence of competitive sites for oxygen reduction reactions, such as carbon defects. These findings provide insights into ROS production from BC under fluctuating redox conditions, with potential implications for elemental cycles and pollutant dynamics in regions prone to wildfire and stubble burning events and substantial BC deposition (e.g., wetlands and rice paddies).
文章二维码:

4. 题目: Enrichment and catalysis effect of 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 for promoting organic matter degradation and heavy metal reduction in plasma systems: Unveiling the promotion and redox mechanism

文章编号: N24112217
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Yawen Wang, Wenxuan Jiang, Nan Jiang, Jie Li, He Guo
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: This work proposes a novel plasma-assisted 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 system for treatment of organics-heavy metals composite wastewater. Unlike traditional materials in plasma system, 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2 not only improved the mass transfer efficiency of plasma by gathering both reactive species and pollutants onto the surface, but also induced photocatalytic reactions. Besides, the higher specific surface area and faster carrier separation rate can enhance the oxidation and reduction activity, and then promoted organic matter degradation and heavy metal reduction. Remarkably, the removal efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Cr(VI) increased by 16.5 % and 73.1 % respectively when introducing 2D/2D g-C3N4/Ti3C2. Roles of·OH,·H,·O2^-, ¹O2, e^-, and h⁺ in SMX oxidation and Cr(VI) reduction are clarified. The primary aggregated·OH and ¹O2 dominate the degradation of SMX. The influencing factors, synergistic mechanism between plasma and catalyst, and redox mechanism were clarified. This work provides a breakthrough idea for treatment of organics-heavy metals composite wastewater.
文章二维码:

5. 题目: Variable toxicity of inorganic mercury compounds to Artemia elicited by coexposure with dissolved organic matter

文章编号: N24112216
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Christoph Gade, Rebecca von Hellfeld, Lenka Mbadugha, Graeme Paton
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要:

The chemical behavior of mercury (Hg) and its interactions with naturally occurring ligands shape its environmental fate and impact. The neurotoxic properties of Hg are widely known and studied both in vitro and in vivo. However, there continues to be limited information on the influence of chelation with large organic ligands on the toxicity to marine macro-organisms. This work examined the effect of Hg complexed with various types of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the mortality and hatching success of Artemia sp. nauplii under varying marine media conditions. The results confirmed both, an alleviating as well as additive, DOM-specific, effect on mortality. DOM coexposure resulted in a compound specific decreased or increased toxicity in comparison with single exposure in artificial seawater, with LC₅₀ values ranging from 2.11 to 62.89 µM. Hatching success under conditions of Hg exposure was almost two orders of magnitude more sensitive than toxicity in hatched individuals. Elevated DOM concentrations had no statistically significant impact on hatching success with computed EC₅₀ values ranging from 196 to 324 nM.

Graphical abstract

文章二维码:

6. 题目: Effects of the conversion of croplands to wetlands on the components and sources of soil organic carbon

文章编号: N24112215
期刊: Catena
作者: Yongkang Zhao, Guodong Zheng, Junyu Dong, Zhiliang Wang, Hepeng Xu, Changchao Li, Yijing Wang, Yan Wang, Xiaoke Liu, Huaizhi Bo, Jian Liu
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Land use/cover change (LUCC) plays an important role in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, the responses of SOC components to LUCC and the contribution of microbial-derived carbon (typically represented by microbial necromass carbon, MNC) to SOC in wetland-related LUCC remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the responses of SOC components and the contribution of microbial-derived carbon to SOC in three newly formed wetlands that were converted from croplands by coal mining subsidence and have developed for 1, 6, and 15 years, respectively. The findings revealed that the conversion initially led to the decrease of SOC, and then recovered with time, in which occluded particulate organic carbon (oPOC) dominated the response of SOC to the conversion and significantly accumulated in the wetland with 15 years of development. Moreover, our study found that MNC accounted for a minor fraction (5.9 %–13.1 %) of SOC in the newly formed wetlands, which is contrary to the dominant role of MNC in the contribution to SOC in upland soils. Our study provides evidence for understanding the role of microbial-derived carbon in newly formed wetlands and highlights the importance of oPOC when focusing on the effects of LUCC on SOC storage.
文章二维码:

7. 题目: Microbial and mineral interactions decouple litter quality from soil organic matter formation

文章编号: N24112214
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Dafydd M O Elias, Kelly E Mason, Tim Goodall, Ashley Taylor, Pengzhi Zhao, Alba Otero-Fariña, Hongmei Chen, Caroline L Peacock, Nicholas J Ostle, Robert Griffiths, Pippa J Chapman, Joseph Holden, Steve Banwart, Niall P McNamara, Jeanette Whitaker
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要:

Current understanding of soil carbon dynamics suggests that plant litter quality and soil mineralogy control the formation of mineral-associated soil organic carbon (SOC). Due to more efficient microbial anabolism, high-quality litter may produce more microbial residues for stabilisation on mineral surfaces. To test these fundamental concepts, we manipulate soil mineralogy using pristine minerals, characterise microbial communities and use stable isotopes to measure decomposition of low- and high-quality litter and mineral stabilisation of litter-C. We find that high-quality litter leads to less (not more) efficient formation of mineral-associated SOC due to soil microbial community shifts which lower carbon use efficiency. Low-quality litter enhances loss of pre-existing SOC resulting in no effect of litter quality on total mineral-associated SOC. However, mineral-associated SOC formation is primarily controlled by soil mineralogy. These findings refute the hypothesis that high-quality plant litters form mineral-associated SOC most efficiently and advance our understanding of how mineralogy and litter-microbial interactions regulate SOC formation.

文章二维码:

8. 题目: Acid-modified biochar-based bacterial fertilizer and increase soil available phosphorus

文章编号: N24112213
期刊: Journal of Soils and Sediments
作者: Chenhui Qi, Chuanyu Zhang, Zihe Yang, Nana Liu, Yu Gao, Ruotong Wang, Dongye Huang, Fei Tian, Wei Li, Chao Wei, Zhansheng Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要:

Purpose

The various biochars were modified by phosphoric acid to load phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms to prepare biochar-based fertilizers (BFs) in this study. The purpose is to provide a new way to develop and utilize BFs to improve available phosphorus and reduce fertilizer consumption.

Materials and methods

We conducted a 2-hour pyrolysis of apple wood and cotton straw using a muffle furnace at different temperatures to obtain apple wood biochar and cotton straw biochar, respectively. The prepared biochar was modified using sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid. Enterobacter hormaechei. Wu-15 and biochar (10:1) were put into the conical flask. The conical flask was shaken for 1 h to yield BFs, which were subsequently applied in soil at mass ratio of 1:20, 1:10 and 3:20 over a period of 15 days. The experiment was conducted under soil conditions of different pH (5–7) and temperature (20–30 ℃).

Results and discussion

Enhancing hydrophobicity promotes the adhesion of microorganisms to biochar. The enhanced presence of functional groups and the honeycomb structure significantly improved the adsorption performance of biochar, resulting in an adsorption capacity for microorganisms that reached 2.23 × 10⁹/g. The application of acid-modified biochar-based bacterial fertilizers (ABFs) in soil resulted in maximum total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus concentrations reaching 37.21% and 16.65%, respectively, due to the synergistic interaction between biochar and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria.

Conclusion

Phosphoric acid-modified biochar exhibits an enhanced pore structure and superhydrophobicity properties, facilitating the adhesion between biochar and microorganisms. This modification can augment the effective phosphorus content in soil, thereby contributing to agricultural productivity.

Graphical abstract

文章二维码:

9. 题目: Effects of incorporating biochar on soil quality and barley yield in microplastics-contaminated soils

文章编号: N24112212
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Aya Debab, Sonia Boudjabi, Haroun Chenchouni, Nawal Ababsa, Amna Brahimi
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Biochar has been recognized for its potential to improve the fertility soils by reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers, mitigating carbon emissions, and fostering soil microbial growth. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of biochar addition on the physicochemical properties of arid and semi-arid soils containing microplastics, while also assessing its effect on Barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield under drought stress. The experiment was conducted in a glass greenhouse. Plastic pots containing 3 kg of soil were each planted with 6 barley grains. Biochar was applied at three doses (B0 = 0 g biochar/kg soil, B1 = 6 g biochar/kg soil, B2 = 10 g biochar/kg soil), while microplastics were added at three levels (M0 = Control without microplastics, M1 = 0.5 g/kg soil, and M2 = 1 g/kg soil) on the same sowing date. Water stress was induced when the plants reached the four-leaf stage. ANOVAs and Tukey post-hoc tests were employed for multiple mean comparisons of soil and plant parameters. Drought stress and microplastics negatively influenced soil parameters namely soil moisture, organic carbon, and nitrates, while also affecting electrical conductivity and pH. Biochar exhibited minimal effect on soil properties but significantly altered pH, nitrates, and total CaCO3. Plant chlorophyll levels decreased under stress, particularly with microplastic dose M1. However, biochar and microplastics enhanced chlorophyll a content, except for dose B1 of biochar, which leads to a decrease in chlorophyll b (0.91 ± 0.138 μg/g FM). Microplastics, at dose M2, improved chlorophyll b content (1.11 ± 0.090 μg/g FM). Aboveground biomass, leaf area, and yield were generally unaffected by tested stresses. Nonetheless, barley grain yield decreased in biochar and microplastic dose M1 (0.47 ± 0.108 g/plant), while it improved with microplastic dose M2 (0.65 ± 0.168 g/plant). Leaf relative water content increased under water stress and microplastics but not with biochar alone. Interaction between microplastics and biochar enhanced plant water content. Drought stress and microplastics diminished soil parameters, whereas biochar lowered nitrates and pH without significantly affecting soil organic carbon. Plant productivity parameters generally exhibited no significant change under water stress, microplastics, or biochar, except for yield and chlorophyll pigments.
文章二维码:

10. 题目: The contributions of dark microbial CO2 fixation to soil organic carbon along a tropical secondary forest chronosequence on Hainan Island, China

文章编号: N24112211
期刊: Catena
作者: Yanfei Sun, Meiqiu Yang, Yi Ding, Danting Deng, Zongrui Lai, Wenxing Long
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Nonphototrophic CO2 fixation by microorganisms can reduce soil pore CO2 to organic matter in the dark. Tropical forest restoration changes soil microbial community structure and organic carbon (SOC) storage. However, whether the capacity for dark CO2 fixation is altered and contributes to SOC accumulation during tropical forest restoration remains unclear. Here, in the topsoil and deep soil of a tropical forest restoration chronosequence, we investigated chemoautotrophic and heterotrophic microbes and pathways involved in dark CO2 fixation using a metagenome and quantified CO2 fixation rates with a ¹³C–CO2 labelling experiment. Tropical forest restoration altered the autotrophic CO2 fixation pathway abundance in the Ah horizon, which showed an increasing trend. Heterotrophic carboxylase gene abundance was influenced by soil layer and was more abundant in the B horizon. The main microbes involved in CO2 fixation belong to Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. ¹³C–CO2 labelling showed that the CO2 fixation rates across the restoration chronosequence ranged from 0.035 to 0.155 μg C/g soil d⁻¹, and the middle- and late-stage secondary forests exhibited higher rates compared to other stages. The microbial assimilation of CO2 into mineral-associated organic carbon was also observed and the rate exhibited a similar trend to that into SOC, indicating that dark CO2 fixation contributes to stable carbon formation. Tropical forest restoration influenced the CO2 fixation rate indirectly by changing microbial CO2 fixation gene abundance. Specifically, autotrophic pathways (Calvin, reductive citrate, and Wood−Ljungdahl cycles) and heterotrophic carboxylase genes (phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate carboxylases) were vital for CO2 fixation in the Ah and B horizons, respectively. Our results suggest that SOC formed by microbial CO2 assimilation contributes to the long-term soil carbon sequestration, especially in secondary forests, which have recovered to middle- and late-stages. The study highlights the importance of dark microbial CO2 fixation in soil carbon sequestration and provides a new understanding of tropical forest soil carbon processes.
文章二维码:

11. 题目: Understanding the physicochemical structure of biochar affected by feedstock, pyrolysis conditions, and post-pyrolysis modification methods - A meta-analysis

文章编号: N24112210
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Mohammad Ghorbani, Elnaz Amirahmadi, Wim Cornelis, Khaled Zoroufchi Benis
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: The impact of feedstock type, pyrolysis conditions, and post-pyrolysis modifications on the physicochemical properties of biochar has not been systematically evaluated. To this, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to assess the impact of 17 effective variables including three groups of modification techniques (acidic, alkalic, H₂O₂, metal oxides, microbial, organic acids, physical, soil mineral), pyrolysis temperature (<400, 400-550, >550 °C), and feedstocks (herbaceous, hull, manure, nut, straw, wood). Also, 26 properties of the biochar were identified as being impacted; some of the most important among them are pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), ash content (AC), specific surface area (SSA), carbonization (H/C), and surface functional groups (SFGs). The CEC of biochar modified by acidic, and soil mineral treatment significantly increased by 44.8% and 48.5%. The H/C ratio of biochar decreased in alkalic modification with a negative effect size of 7.2%. Soil minerals, metal oxides, and alkalic modifications resulted in a positive change in AC with a 20.9%, 15.7%, and 13.6% increase. Also, the highest SSA of modified biochar was observed when acidic and H₂O₂ modification methods were applied, with 57.1% and 53.4% effect sizes. Further, high pyrolysis temperature (>550 °C) aided in significantly increasing SSA and SFGs on modified biochar. Overall, the strong association of acidic modifiers, high pyrolysis temperature, and high lignin-based feedstock could contribute to high SSA, SFGs, and absorption efficiency of biochar. This meta-analysis establishes a robust comparative framework, advancing the precision of biochar modification strategies to maximize physicochemical properties for improved environmental remediation.
文章二维码:

12. 题目: Effects of increasing rainfall on organic carbon release and transport processes in permafrost on the central Tibetan Plateau

文章编号: N24112209
期刊: Catena
作者: Haotian Wei, Enlong Liu, Chuan He, Bingtang Song, Dan Wang, Jian Kang, Ling Chen, Qiong Li
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Rainfall can alter the hydrothermal state of permafrost, subsequently affecting organic carbon decomposition and CO2 transport. However, the mechanisms by which rainfall influences organic carbon decomposition and carbon dioxide transport processes in permafrost remain unclear. In this study, a coupled permafrost water-heat-vapor-carbon model, based on the surface energy-water balance theory, is employed to explore the effects of increased precipitation on permafrost moisture, temperature, organic carbon decomposition, and carbon dioxide transport through numerical simulations. The results are as follows: (1) with increased rainfall, surface latent heat flux rises while surface sensible heat flux declines, leading to a reduction in surface heat flux. The annual mean surface heat fluxes for the three precipitation conditions of no change in precipitation (ΔP = 0 mm), 50 mm increase in precipitation (ΔP = 50 mm) and 100 mm increase in precipitation (ΔP = 100 mm) are −0.1 W/m², −0.2 W/m² and −0.4 W/m² respectively; and (2) as rainfall increases, soil moisture content increases significantly, but the impact of rainfall on soil moisture content diminishes with increasing soil depth; and (3) increased rainfall results in a decrease in soil carbon fluxes, soil organic matter decomposition rates, and CO2 concentrations. Compared to the case of constant precipitation, the surface carbon fluxes decreased by 0.04 $\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">\mu </span>}\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">mol</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">·</span>{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">m</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-2</span>}}{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">s</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-1</span>}}$ and 0.08 $\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">\mu </span>}\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">mol</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">·</span>{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">m</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-2</span>}}{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">s</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-1</span>}}$ under ΔP = 50 mm and ΔP = 100 mm, respectively. Additionally, the decomposition rate of soil organic matter at 10 cm depth decreased by 3.2 E-8 $\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">mol</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">·</span>{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">m</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-2</span>}}{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">s</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-1</span>}}$ and 6.3 E-8 $\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">mol</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">·</span>{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">m</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-2</span>}}{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">s</span>}}^{\text{<span style="font-size: 15px;">-1</span>}}$, respectively, while the soil carbon concentration decreased by 3 $\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">\mu </span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">l</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">/</span>\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">l</span>}$ and 5 $\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">\mu </span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">l</span>}<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">/</span>\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">m</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">o</span>}\mathrm{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">l</span>}$, respectively.
文章二维码:

13. 题目: Humidity controls soil organic carbon accrual in grassland on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

文章编号: N24112208
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Zhen-Huan Guan, Bin Jia, Zi-qi Niu, Xiao-Ming Mou, Jie Chen, Fen-Can Li, Yi-Ning Wu, Shijie Ning, Kuzyakov Yakov, Xiao Gang Li
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: The huge soil organic C (SOC) storage (around 34 Pg in the top 0.7 m) in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) grasslands is commonly explained by slow decomposition of litter under cold climate therein, but this view may not be reliable as humidity also affects microbial activity. We sampled the 20 cm topsoil of grasslands along an altitudinal gradient from 1286 m on the western Loess Plateau (LP) to 4200 m above sea level on the northeastern QTP. The light-fraction SOC (LFOC), composition of non-cellulosic neutral carbohydrates, and amino sugars were used as biomarkers to investigate the intensity of microbial action on SOC as a function of climate along this altitudinal gradient. From the lowest- to the highest-humidity site with rising altitude, the root biomass tripled and the SOC content increased approximately sevenfold (from 13.5 g kg^–1 to 93.3 g kg^–1). The non-cellulosic neutral carbohydrate, microbial biomass C (MBC), and microbial necromass C (MNC) contents increased, but the LFOC content decreased. The contribution of MNC to the SOC and ratios between microbially- and plant-derived sugars in the non-cellulosic carbohydrate pool increased, but the proportion of LFOC in the SOC dropped. Consequently, besides the increased root biomass, the selective preservation of microbial compounds at colder and more humid sites contributed to SOC accruals in grasslands. The higher MBC in cold and humid grasslands perfectly explained the increased selective preservation of microbial derived C at the expense of plant C in higher- relative to lower-altitude areas. Importantly, the above humidity-controlled accumulations of microbial substances and SOC in grasslands were confirmed by results synthesized from published data across the LP and QTP. The higher SOC contents in cold and humid QTP grasslands relative to warm and dry regions were ascribed to the increased accumulation of microbial residues because of the increased humidity in QTP grasslands.
文章二维码:

14. 题目: Polylactic acid microplastics induced negative priming and improved carbon sequestration via microbial processes in different paddy soils

文章编号: N24112207
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Liying Chen, Lanfang Han, Fayuan Wang, Qi'ang Chen, Hongkai Huang, Jie Wang, Chuanxin Ma, Ke Sun, Matthias C Rillig, Yakov Kuzyakov, Zhifeng Yang
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Biodegradable microplastics (MPs), which are starting to be used in large quantities in croplands, may affect the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC). These priming effects induced by biodegradable MPs are a very new issue, and their mechanisms as well as consequences for various soils are nearly unknown. Using stable carbon isotope signature (δ¹³C), we quantified the priming effects by adding corn (C4 plant) -based polylactic acid (PLA, δ¹³C = 11.9‰) MPs to three paddy soils with solely C3 signature: Ferralsol, Alfisol and Mollisol at two rates (0.5 and 1.0 wt%, based on the mass of MPs). After the incubation (180 days), PLA-MPs reduced the SOC mineralization in all three soils, triggering a negative priming effect. This negative priming effect was strongest in Mollisol (210-220 mg CO₂-C kg^-1). The net C balance in Mollisol was positive and clearly higher than the C amounts initially added with PLA-MPs to soils, indicating C accrual. The two main mechanisms of the negative priming effects were: i) sorptive protection of SOC and especially dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by PLA-MPs, and ii) reduction of microbial biomass and fungal diversity after PLA-MPs addition. Additionally, “switching of microbial decomposition from SOC to PLA-MPs” was pronounced in Mollisol, indicated by more PLA-MPs being mineralized. PLA-MPs thus changed the soil C dynamics mediated in part by the changes of microbial biomass, diversity, and community composition, utilization switch to new resources and decrease of SOC mineralization, all of them leading to C accumulation in soil.
文章二维码:

15. 题目: Impact of operational parameters on degradation of nitroglycerin using biochar doped with nano zerovalent iron

文章编号: N24112206
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Roxana Rahmati, Andrew Mai, Christos Christodoulatos, Tsan-Liang Su, Washington Braida, Dibyendu Sarkar
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Wastewater from munition manufacturing facilities contains nitro compounds amenable to reductive degradation. Nanosized zero-valent iron (nZVI) offers a cost-effective solution but tends to agglomerate, reducing its efficacy. Biochar (BC), a sustainable carbon material derived from organic waste, improves nZVI’s performance by dispersing the nanoparticles and providing more active sites. This study explores the influence of reagent synthesis and reaction conditions on a rice hull biochar-supported nZVI (nZVI-RBC) system for removing nitroglycerin (NG) from untreated munitions wastewater. Key parameters examined included biochar pyrolysis temperature, iron-to-biochar ratio (Fe:BC), reagent dosage, and initial pH. The nZVI-RBC system removed over 99% of NG within 30 minutes under base conditions (Fe:BC=1:1, (Fe:BC=1:1, [nZVI_RBC400]=1 g/L, unadjusted pH), significantly outperforming pristine nZVI, which removed only 57%. Biochar improved the working pH range of nZVI particles so that nZVI-RBC was efficient over a wide pH range of 3 to 9; even in extreme alkaline condition (pH 11) it removed 94% of NG. This remarkable efficacy was observed in an open system, which is especially notable. NG treated with nZVI-RBC underwent a series of sequential reductive cleavage and denitration of the nitro groups. A degradation pathway is proposed with glycerol and ammonium being the major end-products. The reaction predominantly involved surface-mediated reductive degradation. All degradation byproducts were quantified, and carbon and nitrogen mass balances were established. The carbon mass balance was closed within 5% deviation. Nitrogen mass balance remained partially closed due to the adsorption of ammonium on the surface of biochar and ammonia volatilization.
文章二维码:

16. 题目: Regeneration of biochars (pristine and modified/engineered) and economic analysis of their use in the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water/wastewater

文章编号: N24112205
期刊: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
作者: Shahryar Jafarinejad, Jianzhou He, Dengjun Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要:

Currently, there is an increasing interest in developing efficient and cost-effective treatment technologies to remediate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water. Biochars (pristine and modified/engineered) can be a good candidate among porous pyrogenic carbonaceous materials for the sorptive removal of PFAS from water/wastewater. There is a need to focus on developing efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective techniques for desorbing PFAS from spent biochars (pristine and modified/engineered) to enable potential reuse or suitable disposal of these adsorbents, facilitating their future full-scale application in the water sector. This review article briefly compiles the state-of-the-art knowledge on the: (i) application of pristine and modified/engineered biochars for the sorptive removal of PFAS from aqueous samples; (ii) regeneration/reuse techniques for the spent biochars; and (iii) economic analysis of their use in PFAS removal from water/wastewater. Further investigations on (i) better modifying/engineering biochars to remove specially short-chain PFAS species in real environmental water samples due to challenging nature of their removal using conventional treatment technologies; (ii) feasible low-energy, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective strategies for regeneration/reuse of the spent biochars (pristine and modified/engineered) and management of their end-of-life; and (iii) large-scale and continuous column sorption operation for the real water/wastewater samples are still desirable to apply biochars for PFAS removal at full-scale in the future.

文章二维码:

17. 题目: Combining citrus waste-derived function microbes with biochar promotes humus formation by enhancing lignocellulose degradation in citrus waste compost

文章编号: N24112204
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Jinye Li, Songwei Wu, Jixiang Zheng, Xuecheng Sun, Chengxiao Hu
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: The low degradation rate of lignocellulose limits the humification process of citrus organic waste composting. This study explored the roles of general microbial inoculation (GM), citrus waste-derived function microbial inoculation (CM), and CM combined with biochar (CMB) in citrus waste compost. Results showed microbial inoculations all promoted lignocellulose degradation and humus formation, but the roles of CM and CMB were better than GM, especially CMB. Compared to the control, CMB raised the temperature and duration of thermophilic phase by 2.8 °C and 4 days, and improved lignin degradation rate and humus content by 21.5% and 7.6%. Furthermore, CMB promoted bacterial community succession and cooperation, and decreased network complexity. Moreover, CMB strengthened the correlation between mainly bacterial communities and polysaccharides, reducing sugars as well as carbohydrates metabolic, enhancing the contribution of bacteria such as Bacillus, Flavobacterium and Staphylococcus to humus and its precursors. It concludes that the naturally derived microbes in compost had better effects on promoting humus synthesis than exogenous microbes, which provides a new route for rapid humification of high-lignin organic waste in composting.
文章二维码:

18. 题目: Phosphate-enhanced Cd stabilization in soil by sulfur-doped biochar: Reducing Cd phytoavailability and accumulation in Brassica chinensis L. and shaping the microbial community

文章编号: N24112203
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Zhiqiang Jiao, Shiji Ge, Yifan Liu, Yangzhou Wang, Yong Wang, Yangyang Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: To explore the potential of livestock manure-derived biochar for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil, a pot experiment was conducted to explore the stabilization efficiency of cattle manure biochar (T2, BC), sulfur-doped biochar (T3, SBC), and SBC combined with phosphate (T4, SBC-PF) on Cd in contaminated soil and their effects on Cd accumulation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) and soil microorganisms. The results showed that soil available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and organic matter (OM) significantly increased in T3 and T4, and the biomass of Chinese cabbage also increased from 0.46 g/pot to 0.57 and 1.05 g/pot, respectively. The DTPA-extractable Cd in T3 and T4 dramatically reduced by 78.6% and 91.4% (p<0.05); the acid-soluble Cd decreased by 11.3% and 13.2%; and the residual Cd increased by 30.0% and 10.0%. Most importantly, the Cd contents in T2, T3, and T4 decreased by 2.2%, 89.7%, and 93.1% in the shoots of Chinese cabbage and 21.3%, 82.2%, and 86.2% in the roots of Chinese cabbage, respectively. Moreover, SBC-PF obviously changed the bacterial community and enhanced the interactions among microbes in the soil. Structural equation modeling revealed that microbial interspecific mutualistic relationships were the key factor in the pathway for reducing Cd phytoavailability. Mantel tests and random forest analyses further revealed that biochar enhanced the interactions among microorganisms by increasing the AP content in the soil. These findings demonstrated that SBC combined with phosphate is appropriate for stabilizing Cd and improving soil quality.
文章二维码:

19. 题目: Microbial communities in slow sand filters for drinking water treatment adapt to organic matter altered by ozonation

文章编号: N24112202
期刊: Water Research
作者: Tage Rosenqvist, Johanna Hilding, Carolina Suarez, Catherine J Paul
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: Changing natural organic matter quality from anthropogenic activity and stricter requirements for micropollutant removal challenges existing systems for drinking water production. Ozonation of water followed by biofiltration, such as passage through a slow sand filter (SSF), is a partial solution. Biofiltration relies on biofilms (microbial communities within extracellular matrices). However, the effects of ozonation on SSF microbial communities are unknown. In this study, genome-resolved and read-based metagenomics were used to compare the microbial communities of two full-scale SSFs employing conventional pre-treatment to a 20 m² SSF operated in parallel with ozonation as additional pre-treatment.The SSF microbial community receiving ozonated water was less diverse than those receiving non-ozonated water. Families Hyphomicrobiaceae, Acetobacteraceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Burkholderiaceae were more abundant when ozone was used, as were genes for metabolism of single-carbon organic compounds. Conversely, genes for metabolism of aromatic compounds and fatty acids were less abundant. Metagenome assembled genomes associated with the non-ozonated SSFs were enriched with several glycoside hydrolases, while those associated with the ozonated SSF were enriched with genes for 1-2 carbon compound metabolism. No indications of increased microbial risk (pathogens or antibiotic resistance genes) were detected as a consequence of ozonation.This study shows how microbial communities of SSFs adapt to changes in organic matter quality, highlighting the key role of biofilters for production of safe and sustainable drinking water in a changing climate.
文章二维码:

20. 题目: Alginate/MIL-88B(Fe) derived magnetic biochar bead for non-radical degradation of organic pollutant with low peroxymonosulfate consumption

文章编号: N24112201
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yutong Wang, Longhui Wang, Xinyan Yu, Xianbao Shen, Lijie Xu, Ying Zhang, Jiangtao Shi, Lu Gan
更新时间: 2024-11-22
摘要: In this study, magnetic biochar bead ((AB + MIL-88)-C) was prepared by pyrolyzing MIL-88B(Fe) loaded alginate beads. The Fenton-like activity of (AB + MIL-88)-C was then investigated through activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation in water. The results demonstrated that (AB + MIL-88)-C exhibited superior BPA degradation capability (k = 0.160 min⁻¹) than pristine MIL-88B(Fe) and alginate bead derived catalysts (k = 0.089 & 0.008 min⁻¹), in which non-radical mechanisms including singlet oxygen (¹O₂) and electron transfer process contributed over 98 % of BPA degradation. Moreover, PMS consumption rate by (AB + MIL-88)-C during whole BPA degradation process was very low. Consequently, the non-radical pathway dominated oxidation system with low PMS consumption rate could maintain its activity regardless of the fluctuation of environmental parameters and water matrices. Besides, it was further demonstrated that the reaction system exhibited high degradation selectivity in which those pollutants with electron donating groups were more inclined to be degraded. Meanwhile, the degradation rate (lnk) of respective pollutant in the reaction system correlated well (R² = 0.97) with their highest occupied molecular orbital position. This study provides a strategy for the development of non-radical oxidation systems with high pollutant degradation efficiency, stability and selectivity.
文章二维码:

更多信息关注“天然有机质研究情报”。

长按二维码识别关注我们