24年11月23日文献情报（21篇）

24年11月23日文献情报

1. 题目: Deciphering source, degradation status and temporal trends of organic matter in a himalayan freshwater lake using multiproxy indicators, optically stimulated luminescence dating and time series forecasting

文章编号: N24112321
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Shahnawaz Hassan, Bikram Singh Bali, Wani Muneer, Sheikh Nawaz Ali, P Morthekai, Abid Hussain Wani, , Bashir Ahmad Ganai
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: The present study assessed source, degradation status, and temporal trends of organic matter up to ∼3700 years Before Present (BP) in Dal Lake sediment cores using multiproxy indicators, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and time series forecasting. Bulk organic parameters such as total organic carbon and total nitrogen indicated their increasing trend in upper sediment layers from ∼476 to ∼73 years BP. Similarly, the C/N ratio revealed varying sources of organic matter with values ranging from 2.26 to 13.05, depicting an increasing trend up to ∼1811 years BP and decreasing significantly from ∼2002 years BP. Amino acid and hexosamine concentrations decreased with depth, dominated by aspartic acid, glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, glucosamine, and galactosamine in recent sediments (∼73 years BP) of the lake. The positive degradation index (DI) confirmed fresh organic matter in top sediment layers (∼396 years BP) of the lake, showing a strong positive correlation with reactivity index (RI) and total organic carbon. However, a negative correlation was observed between DI and RI with Ox/Anox index. Furthermore, the Gluam/Galam, Asp/β-Ala and Glu/γ-Aba ratios revealed enhanced organic matter degradation with age, indicating prokaryotic origins, microbial activity changes, and redox conditions within the lake. Multivariate analysis revealed increasing autochthonous and allochthonous inputs, domestic effluent discharges, agricultural runoff, redox conditions, and microbial processes as the possible contributing factors affecting the dispersal pattern of amino acids and nutrients in Dal Lake. Time series forecasting using the ARIMA model effectively confirmed the future temporal dynamics of amino acids, and organic parameters, indicating potential ecological shifts and external influences affecting the degradation of organic matter in Dal Lake. This work provides novel insights into the diagenetic alterations and biogeochemical processes essential for understanding the organic matter cycling and guiding the conservation efforts for Dal Lake and beyond.
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2. 题目: Mechanistic insights into adsorption-desorption of PFOA on biochars: Effects of biomass feedstock and pyrolysis temperature, and implication of desorption hysteresis

文章编号: N24112320
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Tongshuai Wang, Jingqi Wu, Tao Hu, Congcong Wang, Shijia Li, Zhixiong Li, Jiawei Chen
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Adsorptive removal of the emerging organic pollutant perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from contaminated water using biochar is a promising cost-effective approach. To determine the stability of PFOA adsorption on biochar, the thermodynamic analysis of the adsorption-desorption behavior is essential. This study comprehensively investigated the adsorption and desorption of PFOA on biochars derived from maple sawdust, peanut shells and corn stalks, pyrolyzed at peak temperatures of 400, 600 and 800 °C. The findings indicated that the micropore volume of the biochars was key to PFOA adsorption, with peanut shell biochar produced at 800 °C showing the highest adsorption capacity of 16.75 mg/g, attributed to its larger micropore volume (0.22 m³/g). Thermodynamic analysis showed that the negative values of $\mathbf{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">∆</span>}{\mathbf{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">G</span>}}^{\mathbf{<span\; style="font-size:\; 15px;">0</span>}}$ of PFOA adsorption ranged from −2.24 to −5.38 kJ/mol, confirmed that the process was spontaneous and involved physical pore-filling. However, the close similarity between the adsorption and desorption isotherms, coupled with a low hysteresis coefficient, clarified that the PFOA adsorption was unstable and prone to desorption. The thermodynamic insights from this study highlighted that lignin-rich biochar produced at high temperature with high micropore content was very favorable for the effective adsorptive removal of PFOA, while the long-term adsorption stability should not be overlooked in the remediation applications.
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3. 题目: Three-year elevated carbon dioxide concentration does not enhance soil organic carbon quantity due to simultaneously facilitated carbon input and decomposition in a single rice paddy soil evidenced by natural 13C tracing

文章编号: N24112319
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Shuirong Tang, Yanzheng Wu, Lei Meng, Hidemitsu Sakai, Toshihiro Hasegawa, Xingkai Xu, Zhibin Guo, Weiguo Cheng
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) markedly contributes to maintaining soil nutrient cycling and mitigating climate change. Elevated carbon (C) dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is widely expected to improve crop yield and increase C storage; however, its effects on rice growth and SOC dynamics remain greatly unclear. Therefore, a three-year (2007–2009) chamber experiment with two [CO2] treatments (380 vs. 680 ppm) was conducted during rice growing seasons. Ultisol soil, taken from a sugarcane (C4 plant) field on Ishigaki island, Okinawa, was used to grow rice (C3 plant). The natural ¹³C tracing method was utilized to measure the fraction of SOC derived from rice plant, and δ¹³C values and concentrations of CO2 and CH4 dissolved in soil solutions were determined. Elevated [CO2] significantly increased rice aboveground biomass (AGB) by 11.8 %–28.8 % and assimilated C content by 12.2 %–28.3 %. However, no significant differences were observed in SOC, total nitrogen (N) content, and the C/N ratios between ambient and elevated [CO2]. Elevated [CO2] induced markedly lower δ¹³C values in both plant and soil samples relative to ambient [CO2]. The annual fractions of plant-derived C input ranged from 5.0 % to 21.2 % in ambient [CO2] and from 5.6 % to 21.9 % in elevated [CO2] without significant differences. Elevated [CO2] stimulated marked increases in dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations, and δ¹³C values of CH4, indicating a positive priming effect of elevated [CO2] on native SOC decomposition for methanogenesis. In conclusion, elevated [CO2] did not affect SOC accumulation by simultaneously increasing C input evidenced by increased AGB, and SOC decomposition as CO2 and CH4 emissions, hence resulting in a stable SOC quantity in rice paddy ecosystems. Our study delves in the nexus between C input and soil C decomposition under elevated CO2 condition, highlighting its significance in prediction of the responses of C storage in paddy ecosystems to future climate change.
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4. 题目: Valorisation of anaerobic digestate to nutrients and humic substances

文章编号: N24112318
期刊: Waste Management
作者: Joni Lehto, Eliisa Järvelä
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Nutrient-rich product fractions were produced from abundant, yet currently chemically under-utilized nutrients-containing feedstock, residual digestate formed during anaerobic digestion (AD). The objective of this research was to experiment individually three sub-processes, i.e., precipitation of organic humic substances and phosphorus from the digestate reject water, liberation of reject water nitrogen as ammonia gas during the lime treatment and recovering it with membrane contactor (MC), and finally novel utilization of ammonia for leaching nitrogen-enriched organic substances from the digestate residue. With calcium precipitation, the main part of the phosphorus and significant part of organic material could be precipitated, and simultaneously ammonium could be liberated with good yield as ammonia gas, so that it could be recovered by MC. On the other hand, ammonia could be used with promising results as an extraction media, by which the solubility of the organic matter and the content of nitrogen attached to the soluble organic fraction could be significantly increased. Hence, all sub-processes were found to achieve their goals and digestate could be successfully utilized as a feedstock for manufacture of varying nutrient-rich products. Combining these three subprocesses together enables the development of novel cascading process concept, in which treated product stream can be used in the next process step and in which each subprocess step benefits the next.
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5. 题目: Changes in ecosystem carbon sequestration and influencing factors from a ’Past-Future’ perspective: A case study of the Tarim River

文章编号: N24112317
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Jia Xu, Ayong Jiao, Mingjiang Deng, Hongbo Ling
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Amid global warming and intensified human activities, the carbon sequestration (CS) capacity of terrestrial ecosystems faces significant pressure. Ecological Water Conveyance (EWC) projects, by altering land use patterns, have become a key approach to addressing this issue. Therefore, the critical question this study aims to solve is how to enhance regional CS by optimizing EWC measures, based on understanding the relationship between land use changes and CS. To address this, we propose an integrated framework that couples the PLUS-InVEST-OPGD models, adopting a ’past-future’ perspective to explore the relationship between CS and land use changes in the context of EWC. The study found that during the historical period (2000–2020), CS in the Tarim River (TR) area exhibited a pattern of ’ first increasing, then stabilizing.’ Between 2000 and 2010, the total CS increased by 3.5 × 10^6 Mg, accompanied by an expansion of forested areas along the riverbanks and within national parks. However, from 2010 to 2020, the total CS increased by only 0.3 × 10^6 Mg, with forested areas along the riverbanks and within national parks remaining relatively stable. Under three future development scenarios—Natural Increase (NIS), Farmland Protection (FPS), and Ecological Protection (EPS)—CS differences between NIS and FPS are minimal at 0.01 × 10^6 Mg, as both continue existing EWC policies without optimization, with NIS following natural growth and FPS prioritizing farmland preservation. In contrast, the EPS, which introduces optimized EWC strategies to limit urban expansion and enhance ecological sustainability, results in a significant CS increase of approximately 1.1 × 10^6 Mg, with farmland areas also expanding. Through single factor and interactive detection analyses, we found that potential evapotranspiration and annual average groundwater depth play crucial roles in vegetation restoration in arid regions, as EWC helps maintain groundwater levels, reducing plant water stress and supporting vegetation growth, while managing evapotranspiration ensures that the water provided through EWC is efficiently utilized for ecosystem recovery and CS. Under the current EWC model and prevailing climate and human activity conditions, the CS capacity of ecosystems appears to stabilize. To further enhance the region’s CS potential, optimizing EWC strategies is essential. It is recommended to construct a ’surface’ water conveyance network through engineering measures, in addition to the existing ’linear conveyance’ model, to improve water resource utilization efficiency. The findings of this study offer valuable insights not only for the TR region but also for other arid inland river basins worldwide, providing a replicable framework for ecological restoration and water management.
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6. 题目: Carbon farming practices for European cropland: A review on the effect on soil organic carbon

文章编号: N24112316
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Tashina Petersson, Gabriele Antoniella, Lucia Perugini, Maria Vincenza Chiriacò, Tommaso Chiti
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Carbon farming has been recently proposed as an effective measure for climate change mitigation through carbon (C) sequestration or C emissions reduction. In order to identify and estimate the climate change mitigation potential of carbon farming practices on European croplands we conduct a systematic review on both relative and absolute annual soil organic carbon (SOC) stock change (ΔSOCREL; ΔSOCABS) related to single and combined agroecological practices tested on mineral soils at a minimum of 0–30 cm and up to 150 cm soil depth whenever data were available. We used the term ΔSOCREL for SOC stock changes determined by the paired comparison method and the term ΔSOCABS for those calculated using the SOC stock difference method. We compiled a dataset with more than 700 records on SOC change rates representing 12 carbon farming practices. Mean ΔSOCREL in Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at 0–30 cm soil depth were collected for cover crops (0.40 ± 0.32), organic amendments (0.52 ± 0.47 and 0.38 ± 0.37 when the control is respectively unfertilized or liquid organic amendment), crop residue maintenance (0.14 ± 0.06), improved rotations (0.21 ± 0.16), reduced soil disturbance (0.24 ± 0.34), silvoarable systems (0.21 ± 0.08), organic (0.9 Mg ± 0.25) and conservation management (0.78 ± 0.62), set-aside (0.75 ± 0.68 and −0.39 ± 0.50 when the control is respectively cropland or pasture/grassland), cropland conversion into permanent grassland (0.79 ± 0.47), poplar plantations (0.25 ± 0.68 and −0.85 ± 0.53 when established on cropland or pasture/grassland). SOC sequestration was detected only for organic amendments, cover crops, poplar plantations, conservation management, organic management, and combined carbon farming practices for which we estimated a median ΔSOCABS ranging between 0.32 and 0.96 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ at 0–30 cm. The ΔSOCABS observed at 0–30 cm soil depth from cropland conversion into short rotation forestry resulted in an increase of C, while negative values were observed when the control was grassland. Cropland conversion into permanent grassland or pasture showed positive ΔSOCREL at 0–30 and 0–90 and 0–100 cm soil depth. Reduced soil disturbance full soil profile assessment at 0–50 cm soil depth completely counterweighted any SOC stock increase found in topsoil at 0–30 and 0–40 cm soil depth, therefore resulting in no net climate benefit. Conservation management, organic management, and combining cover crops with organic amendments are the most effective strategies shifting arable land from C source to net sink, with median ΔSOCABS at 0–30 cm soil depth of 0.63, 0.91 and 0.96 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively. Permanent grasslands and pastures were negatively affected by any type of land-use change, at least in topsoil. Natural ecological successions after cropland abandonment (20-year set-aside), or arable land conversion into poplar plantations and grassland promote relative SOC stock annual increase by 1.08, 0.77 and 0.33 at 0–30 cm respectively, while the net climate benefit remains unclear when subsoils are assessed.
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7. 题目: Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (dl-PCB) in Hydrochars and Biochars: Review of Recent Evidence, Pollution Levels, Critical Gaps, Formation Mechanisms and Regulations

文章编号: N24112315
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Łukasz Sobol, Arkadiusz Dyjakon, Bogdan Z Dlugogorski
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Contamination of chars with dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCB) significantly limits their use and hinders their deployment in the circular bioeconomy, specifically in applications that may lead to dietary exposure. Here, for the first time, we review the levels of contamination of chars produced from pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) with dl-PCB congeners. We conduct a detailed and critical examination of the role played by the processing parameters, such as temperature and residence time, and the reaction mechanisms, to detoxify the biomass under an oxygen-free atmosphere during its valorisation. The PCB-based toxicity of biomass depends mostly on the abundance of dl-PCB in the raw material, and on the dechlorination and other transformation processes that operate during the treatment. The key dechlorination steps make the toxicity of hydrochars pass through a maximum with increasing treatment time, whereas the toxicity of biochars in pyrolysis decreases monotonically. Pyrolysis displays more complex mechanistic pathways of volatilisation, dechlorination, degradation of PCB rings, minor de novo formation of dl-PCB in case of air leaks, and concentrating persistent organic pollutants (POP) in char matrices. In contrast, the mechanisms responsible for the evolution of toxicity in HTC processes comprise the dechlorination, possible chlorine position shift, and biomass densification. The kinetic model developed in this review affords insight into the evolution of the hydrochar toxicity that depends on process temperature and treatment time. The dl-PCB concentrations in treated biomass generally range from 1.06 ng WHO₂₀₀₅-TEQ (kg DM)^-1 to 11.7 ng WHO₂₀₀₅-TEQ (kg DM)^-1, whereas for biochars produced from contaminated sediments the toxicity varies from 0.00662 ng WHO₁₉₉₈-TEQ (kg DM)^-1 to 1.42 ng WHO₁₉₉₈-TEQ (kg DM)^-1. DM stands for dry matter, TEQ for toxic equivalency, and WHO₁₉₉₈ means the application of the toxic equivalency factors (TEF) set by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1998 to calculate the TEQ. Finally, we identify the crucial gaps in the literature, review the regulations governing the use of biomass in feed and in the environment, and provide suggestions for future research. The findings in this article provide both the technical understanding of how to minimise the formation of dl-PCB in the production of chars and suggest modifications to the current guidelines. The latter will increase the consumer’s trust in valorised biomass, leading to its wider acceptance in the circular bioeconomy as feed supplements and soil additives.
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8. 题目: Efficient and selective adsorption of Ni(II) and Mo(VI) utilizing novel materials derived from in situ aminated Co/Zn-ZIF-Modified biochar

文章编号: N24112314
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Feiyu Gao, Chaowen Tan, Yang You, Yong Hou, Hongyan Yan, Xuewei Lv, Jie Dang
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: The imperative need for efficient and selective adsorption of Ni(II) and Mo(VI) is crucial for resource utilization and environmental protection. However, this process faces a challenge due to the scarcity of adsorbents that can adeptly adsorb both metal ions simultaneously. To address this, this study introduces a novel composite adsorbent material, denoted as BECZN, achieved through composite cross-linking of waste orange peel biochar with in situ aminated cobalt/zinc-zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (Co/Zn-ZIF-NH₂). The incorporation of Co/Zn-ZIF-NH₂ enhances the availability of active groups within BECZN. The aerogel structure of BECZN prevents ZIF material collapse and agglomeration, thereby improving active site exposure. BECZN exhibits notable adsorption capacities, reaching 151.84 mg/g for Ni(II) at pH = 7 and 842.54 mg/g for Mo(VI) at pH = 3. Further investigations indicated that the adsorption of Ni(II) and Mo(VI) obeys the Langmuir isotherm model, while exhibiting pseudo-second-order kinetics and intraparticle diffusion characteristics. Notably, BECZN selectively adsorbs Ni(II) and Mo(VI) efficiently under acidic and neutral conditions, respectively. It can maintain high capacity under the interference of various cations and anions. Meanwhile, this excellent selective adsorption of Ni(II) and Mo(VI) by Co/Zn-ZIF-NH₂ is revealed at the atomic level using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study offers a theoretical basis and experimental reference for the design and synthesis of ZIF and biomass-based composite adsorbents.
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9. 题目: Effective adsorption of Congo red by an innovative biochar/LDH-derived MIL-100(Al): Investigation of coexisting pollutants and mechanism revelation

文章编号: N24112313
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Weikun Sun, Chuanfu Liu, Shengqin Liu, Jian Zhang, Hongbin Chen, Zumin Qiu
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Herein, the innovative use of 2-aminoterephthalic acid on biochar/LDH(Mg/Al) derivatization succeeded in obtaining BL@MIL-100(Al), which was applied as an excellent adsorbent for the efficient removal of Congo red (CR). The adsorption capacity of BL@MIL-100(Al) was 5 times that of biochar and 2.5 times that of LDH(Mg/Al), respectively. The experimental results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of BL@MIL-100(Al) reached 1672.34 mg/g at 303 K, which was much higher than that of the reported adsorbents. The Langmuir model and Elovich model described the adsorption process of BL@MIL-100(Al) better. In addition, the thermodynamic results indicated that the higher temperature favored the adsorption process of CR. Besides, BL@MIL-100(Al) showed strong immunity to chloride and sodium salts, and the presence of microplastics facilitated the adsorption of CR onto BL@MIL-100(Al). Meanwhile, BL@MIL-100(Al) still achieved ∼ 81 % removal efficiency after 6 cycles and showed long-term water purification in fixed-bed column experiment, indicating its outstanding stability. Additionally, the excellent adsorption performance in different kinds of natural water environments and binary systems demonstrated its wide applicability. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism of BL@MIL-100(Al) was systematically explored based on XRD, FT-IR, and XPS characterizations, in which amino protonation contributed prominently to the adsorption process. Thus, an innovative and facile approach to synthesize BL@MIL-100(Al) as an adsorbent for the removal of CR from wastewater is feasible.
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10. 题目: Assessing the performance of machine learning models for predicting soil organic carbon variability across diverse landforms

文章编号: N24112312
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Maryam Dadgar, Seyedeh Ensieh Faramarzi
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要:

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an essential soil property that plays an important role in sustainable agricultural production. Recently, there has been considerable interest in utilizing data mining and spatial modeling techniques for SOC estimation through machine learning methods, leveraging remote sensing data and terrain attributes. This study aimed to evaluate and compare several machine learning techniques, specifically Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), for predicting SOC levels across various landforms in northwestern Iran. A total of 402 soil samples were collected, and their SOC content was measured. Furthermore, remote sensing indices obtained from Landsat 8 satellite imagery and terrain attributes from digital elevation models were used. The measured and predicted SOC values generated from the machine learning methods were compared across different landforms. The results indicated that the RF method achieved the highest accuracy in predicting SOC (R² = 0.84, RMSE = 0.04, AIC = −825, BIC = −840). Spatial distribution analysis revealed that only a small portion of the study area exhibited high SOC content, while most of the region had SOC content below 1%. Moreover, a comparison means values of SOC across different landforms indicated that SOC content in upper slope landforms were significantly lower than those in other landforms. Finally, the comparison of measured and predicted values across the three models showed that the RF method provided results closely aligned with the actual SOC content across all examined landforms. This study emphasizes that enhanced techniques for evaluating soil properties mark a notable progression in soil modeling, facilitating better management of soil resources.

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11. 题目: Enterobacter hormaechei Wu15-loaded biochar enhances the ice plant growth by improving saline soil quality

文章编号: N24112311
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Bingzhe Su, Zhuo Tu, Zihe Yang, Nana Liu, Zhuoyu Bai, Zihe Deng, Fei Tian, Dongye Huang, Duoduo Tian, Zhansheng Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要:

Aim

Considering that the current proportion of saline-alkaline land worldwide is relatively high, it is vital to find a low-consumption and high-efficiency method for saline-alkaline land restoration, while at the same time, mitigating environmental contamination and optimizing agroforestry waste management.

Methods

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Wu15 was extracted and inoculated onto biochar to prepare BC-Wu15, and the effects of biochar on soil quality and plant growth were verified by potting experiments.

Results

Soil quality and fertility of saline soils was proved to be improved. There was an increase in soil nutrient contents (incl. nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K)) as well as in organic matter (OM) content and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The synergistic effect of biochar and Wu15 led to an increase by 79.95% and 81.52% in the ice plant’s chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b levels.

Conclusions

The result indicated the tightly packed vesicles were useful for transporting excessive salt in the ice plant. Redundancy analysis (RDA) confirmed that the improvement in plant growth was positively correlated with enhanced soil quality. This study provides useful insights into the utilization of BC-Wu15 as an effective method for amending saline soils and increasing crop yields, demonstrating the potential for the combined utilization of biochar and PGPR.

Graphical

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12. 题目: Response of dissolved organic matter and disinfection by-product precursors to algal blooms and thermal stratification in deep reservoirs

文章编号: N24112310
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Gang Ji, Kai Li, Yi Hou, Ruikang Xue, Kangzhe Huang, He Lv, Tinglin Huang, Gang Wen
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Algal bloom contribute substantially to dissolved organic matter (DOM) and disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors in deep reservoirs, threatening drinking water safety. However, the variations in DOM and DBP precursors in deep-water reservoirs during algal bloom remain unclear. UV and fluorescence spectroscopy and chlorination experiments were used to analyze the variations in DOM and DBP precursors during algal bloom in the Sanhekou Reservoir. Before algal bloom, the DOM and DBP precursors decreased due to biodegradation. After algal bloom, the DOM and DBP precursors increased by 48.3% and 86.9% due to algae producing protein-like compounds. Notably, the algal bloom produced a range of nitrogenous compounds that significantly promote the formation of trichloronitromethane, a major contributor to the mammalian cytotoxicity associated with DBPs. In addition, the heterogeneous matrix led to the stratification of DOM and DBP precursors. The surface water (0–5 m) was more vulnerable to algae, with protein-like components being much higher than in other layers, while humic and fulvic-like components were much lower. However, high temperatures and sufficient oxygen conditions accelerated the biodegradation of DOM and DBP precursors, resulting in significantly lower levels of DOM and DBP precursors in the surface water compared to other layers (p < 0.05). This study provides insights into the variations and the drivers in DOM and DBP precursors during algal bloom, essential for developing water intake strategies in similar water reservoirs.
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13. 题目: Characteristics of dissolved organic matter and their role in membrane fouling during simultaneous sludge thickening and reduction using flat-sheet membranes

文章编号: N24112309
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Xuefeng Zhu, Zexian Fang, Shicai Cheng, Guangyin Zhen, Xueqin Lu, Hongbo Liu, Jing Qi, Zhichao Wu, Xuedong Zhang, Zhen Zhou, Mika Sillanpää
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Four parallel simultaneous sludge thickening and reduction reactors using flat-sheet membranes were employed for the aerobic digestion of sludge to explore the characteristics of dissolved organic matter and its membrane fouling effect. During the initial 8 days of using flat-sheet membranes for simultaneous sludge thickening and reduction (MSTR), a notable increase was observed in the concentrations of humic acids and compounds that resemble soluble microbial by-products in the effluent. Subsequently, a fluctuating trend in humic acid levels ensued, accompanied by a gradual decline in soluble microbial by-product-like substances. Post the initial 8-day period, the capillary suction time (CST) rose from approximately 400 s to over 800 s, the viscosity increased from 20 mPa s to 38 mPa s, and the membrane resistance increased from roughly 6.0e+ 11 m⁻¹ to approximately 9.0e+11 m⁻¹. This phenomenon can be attributed to the clogging of pores by foulants whose size is similar to that of the membrane pores leading to the accumulation and deposition of macromolecules and larger particulates forming gel layers and cake layers. The interplay among diverse microorganisms engenders functional modules, collectively influencing the distribution and characteristics of dissolved organic matter within the MSTR. These microorganisms exert their metabolic effects individually and interact reciprocally, creating synergistic and inhibitory mechanisms. Notably, the synergistic interactions among microorganisms predominated, culminating in an enhanced effluent quality within the system.
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14. 题目: Sulfur-Functionalized Rice Straw Biochar for Enhanced Cadmium Sorption: Spectroscopic, Kinetic and Computational Insights

文章编号: N24112308
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: M M M Ahmed, Chih-Hao Liao, Yu-Ting Liu, S Venkatesan, Yi-Chen Hsieh, H M Nail, Hui-Min David Wang, Ming-Chang Lin, Shih-Hao Jien, Yu-min Tzou
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Cadmium (Cd) contamination necessitates effective remediation approaches. This study valorizes rice straw biochar by enhancing its Cd sorption capacity through sulfur functionalization. Biochar was functionalized with sulfur compounds (H₂SO₄, Na₂S, and Na₂S₂O₃) to introduce Lewis soft base characteristics for improved affinity towards Cd(II), a Lewis soft acid. Characterization confirmed successful grafting of various sulfur groups, increasing the sulfur content from 0.33% to 13.27% and boosting oxygen-containing functional groups. The sulfur-functionalized biochar demonstrated significantly enhanced Cd(II) sorption compared to pristine biochar, with a maximum capacity of 34.40 mg g^-1 at pH 5.0 – a 17.3-fold increase – and reduced equilibrium time from 8 hours to 5-10 minutes. Density functional theory calculations suggested that sulfur doping facilitated Cd-S bond formation and modulated the electronic properties of the biochar-Cd systems, contributing to the superior sorption performance. Sulfur functionalization offers a cost-effective, eco-friendly method for enhanced Cd(II) removal, validated by experiments and theory.
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15. 题目: Electroactive bacteria-established long-distance electron transfer to oxygen facilitates bio-transformation of dissolved organic matter for sediment remediation

文章编号: N24112307
期刊: Water Research
作者: Yinxiu Liang, Meijun Dong, Shan Yang, Lizhou Lin, Haobin Huang, Daobo Li, Min Ji, Meiying Xu
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Electroactive bacteria (EAB) in sediment commonly establish long-distance electron transfer (LDET) to access O₂, facilitating the degradation of organic contaminants, which we hypothesize is mediated by the bio-transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM). This study confirmed that EAB-established LDET to O₂ via a microbial electrochemical snorkel raised the electric potential of sediment by increasing HCl-extracted Fe(III) and NO— 3concentrations while reducing DOM concentrations, which further modified microbial diversity and composition, notably reduced the relative abundance of fermentative bacteria. As a result, DOM showed the highest SUVA₂₅₄ value (3.88) and SUVA₂₈₀ value (1.61), preliminarily suggesting their enhanced aromaticity, humification and average molecular weight. Additionally, these DOM exhibited the highest electron transfer capacity (174.14±3.62 μmol e⁻ /g C) and redox current. Based on these findings, we propose four possible avenues through which EAB-established LDET to O₂ facilitates sediment remediation, mainly including DOM involved affinity, direct and indirect electron transfer, and induced photochemical reaction in degradation or humification process of organic contaminants. Although these proposed avenues require further verification, this work sheds light on deciphering the mechanisms underlying the augmented degradation of organic contaminants facilitated by EAB-established LDET to O₂, offering fresh insights into sediment remediation.
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16. 题目: Enhancement of hydrogen production from thermal and catalytic cracking of HDPE through Implementation of activated biochar

文章编号: N24112306
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Kyungil Cho, YongWoon Lee
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: This study investigated hydrogen production characteristics from thermal and catalytic cracking of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and role of activated biochar derived from biomass (palm kernel shell, PKS). The objective was to enhance hydrogen yield in response to growing demands for hydrogen and the management of waste plastic. Three experimental setups—pyrolysis, thermal cracking, and char cracking—were employed in a two-stage pyrolysis system to examine the impact of reaction temperature and activated biochar on 1) the decomposition of HDPE into tar, which is a complex hydrocarbon mixture, and 2) the production of hydrogen from the vaporized tar. The findings indicated that the reaction temperature in the first reactor influenced tar vapor formation, whereas the temperature in the second reactor was more closely associated with the production of hydrogen and lighter hydrocarbons such as methane. Under identical temperature conditions, the use of activated biochar increased the hydrogen production by more than six times and adsorbed the solid carbon, resulting in no visible carbon particles. Although the reaction temperatures in this study were higher than those in previous studies involving other catalysts, leading to increased energy costs, the abundant biomass sources for carbon activation and the simplicity of the manufacturing process could position activated biochar as a viable catalyst for the thermochemical recycling of plastic into energy source.
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17. 题目: Humic acid activated persulfate combined with electrokinetic delivery for remediation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol contaminated soil

文章编号: N24112305
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Yunfeng Xu, Yufang Jiang, Xiaoxun Huang, Qinqin Lu, Guoqing Shen, Xueping Chen
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a high-toxicity phenol compound, which is difficult to remove, poses a threat to human health, and seriously damages the soil ecosystems. In this study, an emerging technology, Electrokinetic (EK) remediation, was used to enhance the mobility of persulfate for remediation of soils contaminated with 2,4-dichloropropanol. In order to improve the overall removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP, Na2S2O8 activated by humic acid (HA) on the remediate effect was investigated. The results showed that the dosage of commercial HA did not affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and the optimal dosage was 1.5 g/600 g (HA/soil), in which case the removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP was 73.7 %. When the dosage of compost-derived HA was 1.5 g/600 g (HA/soil), the removal efficiency of 2,4-DCP was 68.66 %. From an economic point of view, compost-derived HA could be used as a good substitute for commercial HA.
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18. 题目: Contrasting environmental impacts of nano-biochar and conventional biochar on various organisms

文章编号: N24112304
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Monika Raczkiewicz, Aleksandra Bogusz, Bo Pan, Baoshan Xing, Patryk Oleszczuk
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: The environmental hazards of nanobiochar (n-BC) require attention due to limited knowledge. This study is the first to explore the effects of biochar size reduction across various organisms, including bacteria (Allivibrio fischeri), plants (Lemna minor, Lepidium sativum), and invertebrates (Daphnia magna, Folsomia candida). Bulk biochar (b-BC) and n-BC were applied in both liquid and solid-phase tests to assess their ecotoxicity. The resulting leachates were tested at concentrations of 2, 10, and 100 mg/L on organisms such as Daphnia magna and Lemna minor. In the solid-phase tests, b-BC and n-BC were added to the OECD soil at concentrations of 1 % and 5 % to evaluate toxicity in Folsomia candida and at concentrations of 1 % to evaluate toxicity in Lepidium sativum. We found n-BC to be significantly more toxic (by 18 % to 2886 %) to A. fischeri than b-BC, with toxicity increasing over time. Low doses (1 %) of both b-BC and n-BC did not cause mortality or inhibit reproduction in F. candida, though b-BC enhanced reproduction (by 30 % to 56 %) compared to n-BC. At a 5 % dose, both b-BC and n-BC inhibited reproduction F. candida, with n-BC being 0.5 to 1.8 times more toxic. Neither b-BC nor n-BC immobilized D. magna, but both inhibited reproduction (by 28 % to 35 %). The nanoscale dimensions of n-BC facilitated bioaccumulation in D. magna, leading to adhesion on the organism's body. The n-BC had a greater impact on plants, both b-BC and n-BC were non-toxic to L. minor, but all n-BC inhibited root growth in L. sativum. These findings highlight the importance of considering biochar size, feedstock, and pyrolysis conditions when evaluating environmental risks, ensuring safe use in sustainable agriculture.
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19. 题目: Soil phosphorus compared to nitrogen limitation increases the uncertainty of subsoil organic carbon sequestration in Pinus massoniana mixed forests

文章编号: N24112303
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Fenghua Tang, Yunchao Zhou, Piaoyun Deng, Jirong Feng, Yuexiong Mao, Yaoxiong Wang, Qianbin Cao, Zhengui Han, Lulu Meng, Yunxing Bai
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Limited nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability will constrain terrestrial carbon sinks in the 21st century. Mixed forests improve the plant community composition and productivity of pure coniferous forests. Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether and to what extent changes in soil N and P dynamics caused by mixed forests can affect forest soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The research purpose is to demonstrate and evaluate the effects of soil N and P on SOC stocks in Pinus massoniana mixed forests. Our meta-analysis, which included 616 paired observations, revealed that the coupling of soil N, P, and plant species richness (PSR) contributed 22.6%, 28.8%, and 28.4%, respectively, to SOC stock accumulation in the topsoil (0–20 cm), subsoil (20–100 cm), and whole profile (0–100 cm). The interactions between soil total N and P concentrations (TN:TP ratios) dominated the increase in SOC stocks in the mixed forest topsoil and whole profile, explaining 35.6% and 20.3% of the variation, respectively. Conversely, independent TN and TP concentrations were the primary contributors (explained by 17.5% and 12.3%, respectively) to subsoil SOC stocks increase. The TN and TP concentrations limit SOC stock accumulation in mixed forests for the next 60 years (2025–2085), with the TP concentration and TN:TP ratio having a greater effect in subsoil. Fortunately, the TN and TP limitations on SOC stock increase in mixed forests can be mitigated and balanced by altering soil TN:TP ratio by increasing or decreasing the PSR (PSR thresholds for topsoil, subsoil, and whole profile were 15, 8, and 8, respectively). Overall, plant mixing fails to enhance plant availability of pure forest soil N and P. Accelerated N cycling and increased P reabsorption efficiency are optimal strategies for balancing N and P supply in mixed forests, promoting biomass accumulation, and ensuring SOC stocks increase.
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20. 题目: Addition of Fe‐humic acids to overcome analytical issues in measurements of isotopically exchangeable P in soil

文章编号: N24112302
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Fien Degryse, William Tucker, Michael J McLaughlin
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Isotopic dilution has been widely used to measure isotopically exchangeable phosphorus (P) in soil (E value), as a measure of potentially plant‐available P. However, in soils with low E values and/or strong P sorption, measurement of E values can be challenging due to very low solution concentrations and the interference of colloidal non‐exchangeable species, thus confounding the measurements in the soils of most interest. The addition of a complexing compound could increase solution concentrations and reduce these analytical issues, as has been found in the case of metals. Therefore, we investigated the addition of Fe‐humic acid (Fe‐HA) as a P‐complexing compound to the soil suspension prior to isotopic exchange. This results in the formation of P‐Fe‐HA complexes, thus increasing P solution concentrations by solubilizing P from the labile pool and reducing errors caused by suspended colloids. We used this method to measure E values in five soils with low P status, without or with the addition of carrier P. The addition of Fe‐HA (at 50 or 200 mg Fe‐HA/L to the equilibration solution) substantially decreased the measured E value without carrier P addition in four of the five soils, while there was no or little effect when carrier P was added. The higher Fe‐HA rate increased solution concentrations of stable and radioactive P more than the lower rate, but there was no significant difference in measured E values between the two Fe‐HA rates. The method was also applied to 15 subsoils with low P status. Overall, our results indicated that the addition of Fe‐HA provides an easy and robust way to avoid analytical issues in the determination of E values in soils with low concentrations of P in solution.
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21. 题目: Effects of biochar on plant and microbial communities in landfill soil

文章编号: N24112301
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Jiaxin Liao, Guangcun Hao, Haowen Guo, Hongqi CHEN
更新时间: 2024-11-23
摘要: Ecological restoration in landfills encounters a significant challenge attributed to unfavourable soil conditions. A three-month field study was conducted to evaluate biochar effects on plant succession and bacterial community in a landfill cover. The topsoil of the cover was amended with 0, 5, and 10 % (v/v) peanut shell biochar. According to the measured results, adding biochar improves the soil pH, nutrition content, and organic matter up to 2 times, promoting plant growth. Bacterial richness and diversity were enhanced, and the heterogeneity of microbial communities was increased in biochar-amended cases. However, the plant diversity was reduced, and the domain plant species changed in biochar-amended soil. Biochar application strengthens the interaction between fungal communities and Cyperus rotundus L. by enhancing soil chemical properties. This study demonstrates biochar effects on soil-plant-microbe interactions for guiding the ecological restoration of landfill covers.
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