24年12月26日文献情报（17篇）

24年12月26日文献情报

1. 题目: The sorption of algal organic matter by extracellular polymeric substances: Trade-offs in disinfection byproduct formation influenced by divalent ions

文章编号: N24122617
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Xingyu Liu, Yichun Fan, Maofei Ni, Zhikang Wang
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Disinfection by-products (DBPs), formed from biofilm extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and organic matter during regular disinfection practices in drinking water distribution systems, poses a potential threat to drinking water safety. However, the diverse DBP formations induced by the intertwined algal organic matter (AOM) and bacterial EPS remains elusive. In this study, we show substantial variations in EPS and DBP formation patterns driven by AOM biosorption with divalent ions (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺). Divalent ions in bulk water can significantly inhibit carbonaceous DBPs (C-DBPs) and nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs) formation. Mechanistically, divalent ions promote the complexation of negative charged groups and thus inhibit C-DBP formation, while the hindering chlorine substitution of hydrogen atoms on α‑carbon and amine groups reduces N-DBP formation. Conversely, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ could facilitate biosorption processes that increased the yields of C-DBPs and N-DBPs. Both EPS and AOM provide halogenated reactive sites for DBP formation, exhibiting diverse aromatic substances and unsaturated (lignin and tannins) compounds. Our results highlight divalent ions acting as a fundamental driving force in DBP formation, suggesting the need for cautious monitoring of divalent ions in karst water.
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2. 题目: Sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron reductive degradation hydrophilic halogenated organic pollutant with the synergy of isolated Ca-Nx sites in biochar

文章编号: N24122616
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Chenyu Yang, Liangzhong Li, Ke Quan, Chang Liu, Lida Yang, Chunyou Zhu, Long Yan, Haoran Yuan, Sihui Zhan
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Achieving efficient remediation of hydrophilic halogenated organic contaminated groundwater using nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) remains challenging. Herein, biochar loading sulfidated nZVI composites (S0.1-nZVI@SS) were synthesized and effectively degraded hydrophilic tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) in groundwater. Impressively, S0.1-nZVI@SS achieved 99.6 % degradation of TCEP within 24 h with high reactivity (about 126 times), selectivity (H2 evolution only 13.9 μmol), and stability (in aging, cycling, and soil column experiments). Detailed characterizations revealed that sulfidation modulated the particle size, lattice constant, and S speciation (i.e., S2^2-), obtaining low electron transfer resistance and strong hydrophobicity (water contact angle up to 140°). Isolated single-atomic Ca-Nx sites in biochar and strong hydrophobicity facilitated selective adsorption of alkyl groups. Sulfidation changed the degradation mechanism of TCEP from atomic H to electron-transfer and altered the dominant dechlorination pathway. These findings can guide decision-making in nZVI applications and hydrophilic halogenated organic contaminated groundwater remediation.
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3. 题目: Use of biochar derived from Spartina alterniflora to reduce sediment methane (CH4) production potential during non-farming period in earthen aquaculture ponds

文章编号: N24122615
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Ping Yang, Dongyao Sun, Wenjing Liu, Kaiyuan Liu, Hong Yang, Chuan Tong, Linhai Zhang, Yongxin Lin, Derrick Y F Lai, Lishan Tan, Weifeng Chen, Kam W Tang
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Biochar has been proposed as an effective material for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from farmlands, but comparable information for earthen aquaculture ponds is limited. A field study was conducted to investigate the effects of adding biochar (200-1600 kg ha^-1) derived from the invasive plant Spartina alterniflora on sediment physico-chemical properties, CH₄ production potential (P_CH4), and the relevant functional gene abundances in earthen aquaculture ponds during the non-farming period. The results indicated that biochar treatments increased sediment porosity and salinity, while decreasing dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon. Biochar-treated sediments also exhibited a significantly lower abundance of mcrA gene especially in the early drainage stage, and a higher abundance of pmoA gene especially in the intermediate and final drainage stages. Consequently, the mean P_CH4 in biochar-treated sediments (1.28-21.12 ng g^-1 d^-1) was 57-73% lower than in the control group (5.41-39.45 ng g^-1 d^-1). The reduction in P_CH4 did not differ between biochar produced at 300^°C vs. 500^°C and was not dependent on the amount of biochar added. The findings suggest that using biochar derived from S. alterniflora can be a cost-effective method to control the spread of this invasive plant and reduce CH₄ production in aquaculture pond sediment during the non-farming period.
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4. 题目: Removal of tetracycline by biochar synergistic with ferrate: Influencing mechanism on precursor biomass components

文章编号: N24122614
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Ziyu Zhao, Shengdian Liang, Meixuan Wu, Ziyi Chen, Zhi Li, Linglin He, Qinyu Wang, Keke Wang, Shengyu Liu
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Biochar can serve as an activator for potassium ferrate, significantly enhancing the treatment efficiency to antibiotics. However, the mechanism by which biochar activated potassium ferrate remained unclear, necessitating further investigation. Cellulose biochar (CBC) and lignin biochar (LBC) derived by two model compounds which were the highest proportion of content in biomass were adopted to be study object, to investigate the removal efficiency of tetracycline (TC) by ferrate synergetic with CBC and LBC, respectively for the first time, and thoroughly analyzed the adsorption and degradation processes within the reaction system. It is noteworthy that CBC contributed to this synergy primarily through the phenolic hydroxyl groups which facilitated the decomposition of ferrate and increase the generation of intermediate valence iron species, thereby improving removal rates. Whereas, LBC enhanced removal rates of TC mainly across its own adsorption capabilities. This also resulted in LBC manifesting excellent synergistic effects under various pH environments, while the CBC system was primarily suited for alkaline conditions. This study provided new theoretical support for the efficient utilization of ferrate in organic wastewater treatment and offered a novel perspective on the precise control of structure in the process of biochar material prepared by agricultural and forestry solid waste biomass.
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5. 题目: Phosphorus adsorption in subtropical Histosol and Inceptisol with contrasting organic matter contents and clay mineralogy

文章编号: N24122613
期刊: Catena
作者: Fabiana Gavelaki, Vander Freitas Melo, Nerilde Favaretto, Carla Gomes de Albuquerque, Antonio Carlos Vargas Motta, Grazielli da Rocha, Volnei Pauletti
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Soil phosphorus adsorption depends on organic and mineral components and their interactions. The objective was to evaluate the effect on P adsorption of the colloidal components (organic matter and minerals) in soil aggregates < 0.2 mm. Two soil classes (Histosol and Inceptisol) from Southern Brazil under different hydric regimen were selected. Selective extractions of organic and mineral colloids were carried out: hydroxylamine (HL), sodium dithionite (SD), sodium hypochlorite (SH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and control treatment (CT). To evaluate the formation of cation bridges (colloid-cation-H2PO4^-), the pH of both soils was adjusted with Ca(OH)2 or KOH. The higher total organic carbon (TOC), kaolinite and low crystallinity Fe and Al oxides contents of the Histosol are coherent with its higher maximum P adsorption capacity (3862 mg kg⁻¹) compared to Inceptisol (2537 mg kg⁻¹). The addition of Ca²⁺ to Histosol increased P adsorption on 5.2 %, which suggests the formation of the ternary complex (SOM-COO^–)-Ca²⁺-H2PO4^-. NaOH was efficient in extracting TOC, but also extracted Al and Si from the minerals, resulting in lower P adsorption. The highest P adsorption was found in the residue of the SD extraction. SD was the most efficient to remove pedogenetic Fe oxides, which favors the greater “opening” of the sample (partial or total rupture of the soil aggregates < 2 mm) and consequently the exposition of carboxylic groups of the SOM, favoring the formation of ternary complexes SOM(COO^–)-Fe^2+/3+-H2PO4^-. Soil P adsorption is not a result of isolated effect of each colloidal component (organic matter and minerals) of the solid phase, but rather through their interactions.
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6. 题目: The GrassSyn dataset: Soil organic carbon stocks in Brazilian grassy ecosystems

文章编号: N24122612
期刊: Journal of Environmental Quality
作者: Bianca Ott Andrade, Cristhian Hernandez Gamboa, Gabriel William Dias Ferreira, Martin Wiesmeier, Eduardo Delgado Assad, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri, José Márcio Mello, Vinícius Augusto Morais, Gerhard E Overbeck, Herval Vieira Pinto‐Junior, José Roberto Soares Scolforo, Carlos Gustavo Tornquist
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Although ecosystem management and restoration are known to enhance carbon storage, limited knowledge of ecosystem‐specific soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and processes hinders the development of climate‐ready, biodiversity‐focused policies. Baseline SOC stocks data for specific ecosystems is essential. This paper aims to: (i) examine SOC stock variability across major grassy ecosystems in Brazil and (ii) discuss data limitations and applications. We compiled the Grassland Synthesis Working Group dataset, which comprehensively aggregates SOC stocks data from published studies on main Brazil's grassy ecosystems. Our dataset results from systematic literature review and regional soil sampling datasets. The dataset provides spatially explicit SOC stocks, physical soil properties, and ancillary information from 182 studies (1996–2021) across 803 sites, spanning 35° latitude and 28° longitude. The dataset, structured in relational tables, reports soil C stocks and ancillary soil parameters at depths up to 100 cm. SOC stocks vary by grassy ecosystem types and sampling depth, with subtropical grasslands (Campos Gerais, South Brazilian highland grasslands, and Pampa) showing the highest SOC stocks across all depth layers (SOC 0–30 cm: 64.5–162.8 Mg C ha⁻¹; SOC 0–100 cm: 137.6–224.7 Mg C ha⁻¹). The tropical Cerrado and Amazon grassy ecosystems exhibit high SOC stocks, particularly in subsurface layers (SOC 0–30 cm: 53.6 and 38.3 Mg C ha⁻¹; SOC 0–100 cm: 109.8 and 121.4 Mg C ha⁻¹, respectively). Our data analysis shows high carbon stocks in natural/seminatural ecosystems, but some ecosystems are undersampled. The dataset on SOC stocks in grassy ecosystems could greatly aid Brazil's national greenhouse gas inventory.
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7. 题目: Insight into the enhanced removal of dimethoate by ferrate(Ⅵ)/biochar system: Contributions of adsorption and active oxidants

文章编号: N24122611
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Lijia Qiu, Rongfang Yuan, Huilun Chen, Zongyu Zhang, Beihai Zhou, Shuai Luo
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Dimethoate is an organophosphorus insecticide with toxicity, and its contaminated water will cause a threat to the surrounding ecological environment. In order to enhance the removal effect of ferrate (Fe(VI)) on dimethoate, modified graphene-like biochar (SIZBC) with reduction and adsorption properties was prepared in this study. Compared with Fe(VI) alone, the removal of dimethoate by Fe(VI)/SIZBC increased from 26% to more than 97%, and the reaction rate was accelerated by 34 times. The oxidizing property of Fe(VI) was enhanced by the reducing groups loaded on SIZBC, and more active species were produced with the contributions ranked as SO₄^•¯ > ∙OH > Fe(V). And the contributions of adsorption and active oxidants in the reaction process accounted for 25% and 75%, respectively. Enlarging the sulfite solution concentration of modified biochar, the transformation from ∙OH/Fe(V) to SO₄^•¯ was promoted in the system. As the concentration of Fe(Ⅵ) increased, the contributions of ∙OH and SO₄^•¯ gradually decreased and Fe(V) became the main active oxidant. Fe(VI)-induced core/shell nanoparticles exhibited in situ adsorption of phosphate which was a mineralization product of dimethoate, thus total phosphorus (TP) removal was increased by 27%. Through the three degradation pathways, dimethoate and its toxic intermediates were further mineralized to inorganic substances. Finally, the Fe(VI)/SIZBC technology was proven to be feasible for actual water treatment and was able to reduce water toxicity from 12.7% to 5.3%.
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8. 题目: Bioremediation of dissolved organic compounds in produced water from oil and gas operations using Chlorella sorokiniana: a sustainable approach

文章编号: N24122610
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Mohammed Omar Faruque, Tariq Mohammed, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain, Shaikh Abdur Razzak
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要:

The sustainable treatment of petroleum-derived produced water (PW), a significant byproduct of oil and gas extraction, presents a persistent problem due to the presence of organic pollutants. This study examines the potential of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana (C. sorokiniana) for the bioremediation of dissolved organic pollutants in PW. The primary objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of C. sorokiniana in decreasing the levels of dissolved organic contaminants while examining its growth and survival in such a complex environment. The cultivation of C. sorokiniana in photobioreactors containing synthetic produced water (SPW), supplemented with synthetic municipal wastewater (SMW) to provide essential nutrients, was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. Parameters such as biomass growth, lipid content, and the microalgae’s capacity to metabolize organic compounds are monitored over time. The results indicate that, except for 100% PW, maximum biomass output after 16 days ranged from 733 to 1077 mg/L. Total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency increased with rising PW concentrations, peaking at 85% for 50% PW. The cultivation period resulted in substantial nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the enriched PW media, achieving a maximum nitrogen removal of 87% at 10% PW and a phosphorus removal of 98.5% at 40% PW. Lipid content ranged from 12 to 16% during this period. In conclusion, C. sorokiniana offers a promising and sustainable approach for the bioremediation of dissolved organic compounds in PW. This method provides an eco-friendly option to reduce the ecological impact associated with petroleum-derived PW.

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9. 题目: Depth weakens effects of long-term fertilization on dissolved organic matter chemodiversity in paddy soils

文章编号: N24122609
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Xueying Feng, Xiaomin Wang, Zhijun Wei, Meng Wu, Xiaofang Ma, Xiaoyuan Yan, Jun Shan
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is pivotal for soil biogeochemical processes, soil fertility, and ecosystem stability. While numerous studies have investigated the impact of fertilization practices on DOM content along soil profiles, variations in DOM chemodiversity and the underlying factors across soil profiles under long-term fertilization regimes remain unclear. Using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and high-throughput sequencing, this study investigated DOM composition characteristics and microbial community compositions across different soil layers (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–100 cm) in paddy soil under different long-term fertilization treatments, including Control (no fertilizer), NPK (mineral NPK fertilizer), NPKHS (NPK fertilizer with half straw return), and NPKS (NPK fertilizer with full straw return). The results revealed that fertilization regimes significantly increased soil TC, TN, and NO₃⁻ contents, as well as DOM chemodiversity in the top soil layer, particularly under NPKHS and NPKS treatments. Both the DOM chemodiversity and bacterial diversity decreased with soil depth. However, below 0–20 cm, DOM chemodiversity was not significantly affected by fertilization treatments. Co-occurrence network analysis further showed that microbial decomposition primarily drove the changes in DOM composition across soil profile. Overall, our study suggests that long-term NPK fertilization and straw return significantly increased DOM chemodiversity only in the top layer of paddy soil by regulating soil TC, TN, and NO₃⁻ contents. Our study provides useful information regarding the vertical molecular composition of DOM and enhances the understanding of DOM chemodiversity along soil profile in rice paddy ecosystems.
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10. 题目: Comparison of three quantification methods used to detect biochar carbon migration in a tropical soil: A 4.5-year field experiment in Zambia

文章编号: N24122608
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Jing Lyu, Alfred Obia, Gerard Cornelissen, Jan Mulder, Andreas Botnen Smebye, Andrew R Zimmerman
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Understanding the stability and movement of biochar in soil is pivotal for its effective use in soil improvement and carbon sequestration projects. Building on a previous study that evaluated the migration of three size fractions of maize biochar carbon (BC) after 4.5 years in a Zambian loamy sand soil using δ¹³C isotopes, this study compares the results with those using chemothermal oxidation (CTO) and benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) biomarkers. While the δ¹³C method registered the most BC in the application layer (0–7 cm), it detected less BC in lower layers (7–30 cm, 3.2–7.9 % downward migration), and with a greater variance, than the other two methods. The BPCA method detected relatively more BC in the lower layers (9.1–20.2 % downward migration), particularly for fine-sized biochar. It also detected the most BC in the control soil plot and outside the experimental block, which suggests either its efficiency in fine biochar detection or an issue with false positive detection. The CTO method, though less sensitive in detecting fine biochar particle BC, was strongly correlated with δ¹³C isotope results, thus representing a cost-effective and simpler alternative to the other BC quantification methods. These findings underscore the necessity of methodological consideration in biochar C quantification to ensure accurate assessment of its distribution and stability. This is a pressing need for correct assignment of climate mitigation credits. More field studies should be carried out involving multiple biochar types and quantification methods to refine our understanding of biochar C dynamics in soil.
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11. 题目: Interactions between riverine sediment organic matter molecular structure and microbial community as regulated by heavy metals

文章编号: N24122607
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Ping Li, Chun Liu, Lijie Zhang, Zhaoling Liu, Zhiyong Fu, Guanghui Fan, Yingjie Zhu, Yue Zuo, Liqiong Li, Lisha Zhang
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Heavy metals (HMs) exert a profound influence on soil carbon storage potential. The microbially-mediated association between HM content and carbon structure in riverine sediments remains unclear in lotic ecosystems. We investigated the spatiotemporal variations of HMs content, carbon content and microbial communities in riverine surface sediments, and further explored the chemical structure of sediment organic carbon (OC_sed), the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and their interactions with microorganisms. The spatial-temporal variations in the chemical structure of OC_sed, excluding O-alkyl C, were minimal, whereas the molecular composition of DOM underwent substantial fluctuations with seasons and sites. Significantly positive correlations were observed between Cu, Zn, Pb, and OC_sed content. However, within a certain content range, HMs can promote the mineralization risk of OC_sed, as reflected in their ability to increase the proportion of unstable O-alkyl C and decrease the proportion of stable carbon fractions (aromatic C, alkyl C, and phenolic C). Additionally, appropriate contents of HMs also improved the abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi. Bacteria consumed more stable OC under HMs enrichment, whereas fungi increased the consumption of DOM fractions (condensed aromatic hydrocarbons and amino sugars). Our findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of carbon storage in HM-rich riverine sediments.
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12. 题目: Differences in the storage of soil organic carbon in Brazil’s agricultural land: A meta-analysis

文章编号: N24122606
期刊: Catena
作者: Aldair de Souza Medeiros, Fernando Vieira Cesário, Thiago Cândido dos Santos, Stoécio Malta Ferreira Maia
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: In Brazil, the estimates of changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks under different forms of land use are essential, due to constant global concerns about increasing food production versus efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the country. Thus, our objectives were to evaluate the impacts of different land uses on SOC stocks in Brazil and explore how mean rainfall, land use time, soil class, and depth affect SOC dynamics in Brazil. To estimate the changes in SOC stocks, we performed a meta-analysis, comprising a dataset with 221 pairs of comparisons from 55 published articles across 63 municipalities, 17 states, within five biomes in Brazil. Our results indicate that, in Brazil, land-use change and management systems change SOC stocks, mainly in the Caatinga biome, with an average reduction of 9.48 %. However, this value is remarkably low in relation to literature data from most of the world. The type of land use and management practices also affect SOC in Brazilian soils, with a tendency of substantial reduction (10.97 %) in the conversion from native vegetation to conventional plow-based tillage, and improvements in SOC (7.55 %) for the conversion from conventional plow-based tillage to no-tillage. Also, according to our estimates, the SOC in Brazilian soils takes longer to reach a new steady-state, with no signs of stabilization of SOC stocks before 40 years, diverging from the 20 years adopted as a stabilization standard by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
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13. 题目: Characterizing molecular fingerprint of dissolved organic matter shaped by natural and anthropogenic factors in a large macrophytic shallow lake wetland

文章编号: N24122605
期刊: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
作者: Shengwu Yuan, Yiping Xu, Pengfei Wang, Ruili Xie, Jiangbo Hu, Zhenghui Fu, Kun Wang, Shuhang Wang, Xia Jiang, Kaifeng Rao, Mei Ma, Zijian Wang
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要:

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) participates in and affects many biological processes in aquatic ecosystems, altering nutrient cycling, bioavailability and toxicity of pollutants. Lake water contains thousands of DOM molecules, which largely originate from natural sources and are greatly influenced by external inputs through anthropogenic activities. To elucidate the shaping mechanism of the DOM composition under complex habitat conditions and anthropogenic disturbances, the characteristic molecular fingerprint of DOM was determined based on chemodiversity information obtained via ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry for the Baiyangdian wetland (a typical large macrophytic shallow lake in North China). In the Baiyangdian wetland, the DOM composition exhibited high complexity and spatial heterogeneity, and more recalcitrant DOM molecules were identified in summer than in spring. Although multiple natural factors (nutrient concentration, depth of water and quality of submerged macrophytes) and anthropogenic factors (different land uses and discharge of pollutants) were associated with the relative abundance of various DOM molecules, only the influences from the anthropogenic factors were statistically significant. The alpha diversity index of DOM could reflect variations in both the natural factors (total dissolved phosphorus) and the anthropogenic factors (discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus). Furthermore, the DOM composition in each group were clustered according to the ecological functions (natural reserves, tourism, breeding, and domestic supply functions), and exhibited molecular fingerprint features. This study provides an effective approach to characterize the molecular fingerprint features of DOM and critical information to better understand the shaping mechanism of the DOM composition under complex habitat conditions and anthropogenic disturbances.

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14. 题目: Measuring in situ soil carbon stocks: A study using a novel handheld VisNIR probe

文章编号: N24122604
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Ayush Joshi Gyawali, Marissa Wiseman, Jason P Ackerson, Sarah Coffman, Kevin Meissner, Cristine L S Morgan
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: To be commercially viable, soil carbon project developers need to be able to measure soil carbon stocks across large scales (e.g., 100,000 to 1,000,000 ha). These measurements need to be accurate, unbiased, inexpensive, and fast. One potential measurement modality for carbon markets is visible and near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (VisNIR). VisNIR has been widely used to predict soil properties including soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration and stock under both lab settings and in situ soil conditions. Recent developments in low-cost spectrometers have enabled the creation of easy to operate, rapidly deployed, handheld VisNIR-equipped devices for in situ soil measurement. Our objective for this study is to 1) test one such handheld in situ VisNIR probe (handheld probe) to measure SOC stocks to 30 cm depth in Midwest US Mollisols, 2) to quantify the role of bulk density and SOC concentration in VisNIR probe calibration for probe-based estimation on SOC stock in Midwest US Mollisols, and 3) to quantify the effect of indirect (SOC + BD) vs direct calibration modeling (SOC stock directly) of SOC stocks using VisNIR data. We collected handheld probe measurements and soil core samples from six non-contiguous farms across the state of Illinois, USA. A one-farm hold out PLSR modeling approach was taken for SOC concentration, bulk density, 5-cm incremented SOC stocks down to 45 cm; and 0 to 30 cm SOC stocks using the in situ VisNIR spectra from the handheld probe. Models accurately predicted SOC concentration (R² = 0.72, RMSE = 0.33 %, RPIQ = 2.39, bias = 0.0005 %), 5-cm increment SOC stocks (R² = 0.68, RPIQ = 2.41 Mg/ha, bias = 0.05 Mg/ha) and 0 to 30 cm SOC stocks (R² = 0.88, RMSEP = 7.8, bias = -0.49 Mg/ha, RPIQ = 4.19 Mg/ha). Models were not able to accurately predict bulk density (R² = 0.28). Direct SOC stock modeling resulted in lower bias compared to indirect computation of SOC stock (bias = 0.05 and 0.15 Mg/ha for direct and indirect methods, respectively) and results demonstrated that, in this loess landscape, SOC stock prediction accuracy was driven by accurate prediction of SOC concentration, rather than accurate prediction of bulk density. The handheld probe shows promise as a rapid, low-cost tool for measuring SOC stocks in the midwestern Mollisols and can provide the data necessary to support large spatial scale soil carbon market development. These results justify continued investment in in situ spectral libraries for the handheld probes and eventually posit a modeling framework for measurement-based soil carbon accounting.
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15. 题目: Tree species mixing promotes surface soil organic carbon accumulation in mid-age and stability in old-growth forests

文章编号: N24122603
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Zhenkai Qin, Yanxia Nie, Angang Ming, Kun Yang, Huilin Min, Hui Wei, Weijun Shen
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要:

Background and aims

Afforestation or reforestation with mixed tree species is a promising strategy for carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. However, whether soil organic carbon (SOC) stability in mixed-species forests (MF) is higher than that of monoculture forests (PF) is unclear.

Methods

The origin and stability of SOC were investigated using soil samples (1 m in depth) obtained from 12 pairs of monoculture and polyculture plots, which included four age classes.

Results

We found that the contents of SOC and its components were higher in mixed-species forests than in monoculture forests, particularly in the 0–40 cm soil layer and middle-aged (33–45 years) PF. In middle-aged forests, the MF had a smaller percentage of microbial-derived C and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) to total SOC ratio than those of PF. However, the ratio of MAOC to total SOC in the MF was considerably higher than that in old-aged PF (62 years), indicating that transforming old-aged PF into MF aids SOC stabilization. Mineral protection played a major role in influencing the accumulation of plant-derived C, microbial-derived C, and SOC fractions in the PF, whereas total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen played a dominant role in the MF.

Conclusion

This study provides new evidence that transforming single-species monocultures into mixed-species polycultures is beneficial for the accumulation and stabilization of SOC in subtropical forests and highlights that these effects depend on the influence of forest age and soil depth on organic carbon fractions.

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16. 题目: Tea waste biochar hydrogel evaporator with high salt − resistance for highly efficient solar interfacial evaporation

文章编号: N24122602
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Yi-Bin Li, Lei Xu, Sheng-Jie Han, Cai-Hua Liu, You Zhou, Ming-Lai Fu, Baoling Yuan
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) is considered to be one of the most promising strategies to solve the global freshwater shortage. However, the high cost of photothermal materials, the complex manufacturing process of evaporators, and low water evaporation rates and evaporation efficiency limit their practical application. In this study, a biochar-deduced porous hydrogel (TBC-PH) based on tea waste as a raw material was prepared as an efficient solar-driven interfacial evaporator using a simple cross-linking foaming method. The evaporator exhibits good light absorption, hydrophilicity and excellent salt resistance for efficient solar evaporation. Its interconnected porous structure enhances capillary action and enables rapid water transport while effectively preventing salt crystallization. Under one solar intensity, the water evaporation rate of 3.268 kg m⁻²h⁻¹ and the solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 95.14 % were achieved. Besides, TBC-PH exhibits obvious purification effect on seawater and organic dye wastewater. The evaporator’s utilization of waste biomass is not only simple and economical, but also advances the practical application of waste management while addressing water scarcity, highlighting its potential as an efficient and sustainable solution for SDIE applications.
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17. 题目: Electron transfer tuning for persulfate activation via the radical and non-radical pathways with biochar mediator

文章编号: N24122601
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Hongqing Zhu, Hui Ma, Zhiliang Zhao, Lanxin Xu, Miao Li, Wen Liu, Bo Lai, Meththika Vithanage, Shengyan Pu
更新时间: 2024-12-26
摘要: Electron mediator-based in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) offers a novel strategy for groundwater remediation due to diverse reaction pathways. However, distinguishing and further tuning the reaction pathway remains challenging. Herein, biochar as an electron mediator targeted active peroxysulphate (PDS) via the radical or non-radical pathway. Exemplified by the triazin pesticides removal, the complex radical (•OH and SO₄^•-) and non-radical active species (electron transfer oxidation) were generated and identified in different biochar/PDS systems. The electron transfer process between biochar and PDS was significantly distinguished via an innovatively in-situ visualization of radical pathway, and the electron transfer oxidation non-radical pathway is directly unveiled via a galvanic cell experiment combined with LC-MS analyses. The electron transfer mechanism was revealed via establishing the quantitative structure-activity relationships between biochar and ln k_obs. The redox capacity of biochar was assessed as a key for tuning the atrazine degradation by non-radical pathway, and the surface carbon-centered persistent free radicals (PFRs) were identified as key electron donors for triggering the radical pathway. This study gives new insights into the electron transfer mechanism during tuning radical and non-radical activation pathways and the enhanced utilization of oxidants in ISCO technology.
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