24年12月23日文献情报（16篇）

24年12月23日文献情报

1. 题目: Effective organic matter removal via bio-adsorption prior to anammox process and utilization of carbon-rich sludge

文章编号: N24122316
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Kunming Fu, Wenbing Yang, Sibo Fu, Yihao Bian, Aotong Huo, Teng Guan, Xueqin Li, Ruibao Zhang, Hao Jing
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Excessive organic matter in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) leads to the growth of a large number of heterotrophic bacteria, which disrupts the anaerobic ammonia oxidation. The adsorption-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can effectively reduce excessive organic matter, capturing it instead of consuming it, which is a sustainable development technology. In this study, utilizing the excellent adsorption performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS), an adsorption-regeneration process was employed to remove organic matter at the front end of the Anammox process through bio-adsorption in an artificial simulated domestic sewage environment, and it was successfully used for denitrification. Stirring rate is a key factor affecting sludge granulation. As a parallel experiment of sludge granulation, two Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) (R1 and R2) were operated simultaneously at different stirring rates. After 153 days, the particle size of the two reactors was analyzed, revealing that the proportion of particles larger than 200 μm was over 50%, and granular sludge was successfully formed in both reactors. Long-term operational results indicate that at a temperature of 16.5 ± 1 °C, varying initial pH levels (6.5, 6.7, 7.2, and 8.5) significantly affect the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD). COD is rapidly adsorbed and removed within a short period. Among the tested initial pH values, a pH of 6.7 yielded the best total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) removal efficiency, achieving up to 95%. Additionally, the study examined the effects of different carbon sources on denitrification, revealing that under carbon-rich conditions, the denitrification rate was highest, reaching 1.44 mg N/(g VSS·h). Compared to endogenous denitrification, the denitrification rate increased by 40%, and the nitrate (NO₃⁻-N) removal efficiency reached 100%.
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2. 题目: Impact of Phosphorus on the Functional Properties of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Recovered from Sludge

文章编号: N24122315
期刊: Water Research
作者: Nouran T Bahgat, Philipp Wilfert, Stephen J Picken, Leo Sorin, Yuemei Lin, Leon Korving, Mark C M van Loosdrecht
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) are ubiquitous in biological wastewater treatment (WWT) technologies like activated sludge systems, biofilm reactors, and granular sludge systems. EPS recovery from sludge potentially offers a high-value material for the industry. It can be utilized as a coating in slow-release fertilizers, as a bio-stimulant, as a binding agent in building materials, for the production of flame retarding materials, and more. P recovered within the extracted EPS is an intrinsic part of the recovered material that potentially influences its properties and industrial applications. P is present in EPS in different speciation (e.g., P esters, poly-P, ortho-P, etc.). Such P species are already intensively used in the chemical industry to enhance thermal stability, viscoelasticity, emulsification, water-holding capacity, and many other properties of some natural and petroleum-derived polymers. The translation of this knowledge to EPS is missing which prevents the full utilization of phosphorus in EPS. This knowledge could allow us to engineer EPS via phosphorus for specific target properties and applications. In this review, we discuss how P could affect EPS properties based on experiences from other industries and reflect on how these P species could be influenced during the EPS extraction process or in the WWTPs.
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3. 题目: Fe(II)-loaded goat manure biochar efficiently activated peroxymonosulfate for tetracycline degradation in groundwater

文章编号: N24122314
期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science
作者: Lianjie Fan, Qinglin Xie, Yanhong Li, Shengzhang Zou, Haiping Lu, Su Ling Li, Xiaoxiao Li
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Poultry manure is one of the important sources of antibiotic pollution in agricultural soil and groundwater. Recently, the excessive discharge of goat manure has resulted in groundwater environmental challenges and negative impacts. It is of practical significance that such wastes can be converted into functional materials to promote the resource utilization of waste and reduce the risk of antibiotic contamination. In this study, Fe (Ⅱ)-loaded goat manure biochar (Fe-GMC) was prepared by pyrolyzing goat manure and iron salts and used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for tetracycline (TC) degradation in groundwater. The as-prepared Fe-GMC exhibited good catalytic performance for PMS activation due to its porous surface and rich oxygen-containing groups. Under the conditions of catalyst dosage of 0.2 g/L, PMS dosage of 1.0 mM, and pH of 3.0, TC was removed 81.3% within 60 min. In addition, the TC degradation efficiency was inhibited to different extents by inorganic anions (HCO₃⁻>Cl⁻>NO₃⁻) in water. Furthermore, the quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra analysis indicated that the generation of hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) was responsible for TC degradation. Particularly, Fe-GMC produces a strong oxidizing agent. This study provides an efficient and environmentally friendly tetracycline degradation catalyst, which offers a new theoretical basis for water environmental remediation.
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4. 题目: Pronounced Diel Cycling of Dissolved Carbohydrates and Amino Acids in the Surface Ocean and across Diverse Regimes

文章编号: N24122313
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Theresa Barthelmeß, Antonia Cristi, Stacy Deppeler, Karl Safi, Karine Sellegri, Cliff S Law, Anja Engel
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: The metabolism of phytoplankton cells is synchronized with the diel light cycle. Likewise, associated heterotrophic bacteria adjust their diel expression of transporter- and catabolism-related genes to target the dissolved organic matter released by the phytoplankton cell. Dissolved combined carbohydrates (DCCHO) and dissolved amino acids (DAA) are major phytoplankton products and bacterial substrates. Here, we show that diel variations of DCCHO and DAA concentrations accounted for a significant turnover of the total organic carbon (TOC) pool (up to 5.0%, at a rate of 0.37 μM C h^–1) and total organic nitrogen (TON) (up to 5.5%, 0.04 μM N h^–1) across diverse oceanic regimes (sub-Antarctic to subtropical waters of the Southwestern Pacific Ocean). Glucose contributed most to the observed carbon turnover, while polar amino acids dominated the nitrogen turnover. DAA concentration and composition correlated with viral abundance, suggesting that viral lysis may have caused the the highest DAA concentration at night. Our finding of diel cycling of major dissolved organic phytoplankton products supports the notion of universally synchronized ecosystem dynamics. Such periodicity may enhance nutrient cycling and thus primary production and constrains parts of the yet uncharacterized labile organic carbon flux fueling the microbial carbon pump.
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5. 题目: Effects of iron-oxidizing bacteria and humic acid of various molecular weights on iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems

文章编号: N24122312
期刊: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
作者: Ziyi Miao, Hui Zhang, Jie Zhang, Zhuo Liu, Zhiheng Xue, Ghulam Abbas
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要:

Iron corrosion in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is the root cause of the deterioration of drinking water quality. Humic acid (HA) is a critical component of dissolved organic matter in drinking water. However, the influences of HA on iron pipe corrosion in DWDSs have not been fully understood, especially the combined effects of corrosive microorganisms and HA with different molecular weights (MWs). This study used bench-scale reactors to explore the impacts of iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) (Microbacterium oxydans ZT-1, a common iron-oxidizing bacterium) and HA with different MWs on iron pipe corrosion. Before 6 d, loose and porous goethite (α-FeOOH) was the most prevalent compound in the corrosion products. The addition of ZT-1 and HA promoted iron corrosion and release. Under the condition of ZT-1 + > 100-kDa HA, the maximum values of corrosion rate and total iron concentrations were 0.23 mm/a and 9.94 mg/L, respectively. As corrosion proceeded, magnetite (Fe₃O₄) formed from FeOOH, and Fe-HA complexes accumulated, resulting in deceleration of iron corrosion. After 54 d, the corrosion rate and total iron concentration had decreased by ZT-1, and HA with different MWs.

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6. 题目: Climate displaces deposition as dominant driver of dissolved organic carbon concentrations in historically acidified lakes

文章编号: N24122311
期刊: Biogeochemistry
作者: Allison M Herreid, Hannah M Fazekas, Sarah J Nelson, Adam S Wymore, Desneiges Murray, Ruth K Varner, William H McDowell
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要:

Climate and atmospheric deposition interact with watershed properties to drive dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in lakes. Because drivers of DOC concentration are inter-related and interact, it is challenging to assign a single dominant driver to changes in lake DOC concentration across spatiotemporal scales. Leveraging forty years of data across sixteen lakes, we used structural equation modeling to show that the impact of climate, as moderated by watershed characteristics, has become more dominant in recent decades, superseding the influence of sulfate deposition that was observed in the 1980s. An increased percentage of winter precipitation falling as rain was associated with elevated spring DOC concentrations, suggesting a mechanistic coupling between climate and DOC increases that will persist in coming decades as northern latitudes continue to warm. Drainage lakes situated in watersheds with fine-textured, deep soils and larger watershed areas exhibit greater variability in lake DOC concentrations compared to both seepage and drainage lakes with coarser, shallower soils, and smaller watershed areas. Capturing the spatial variability in interactions between climatic impacts and localized watershed characteristics is crucial for forecasting lentic carbon and nutrient dynamics, with implications for lake ecology and drinking water quality.

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7. 题目: Isotopic and molecular analyses of n-alkanes in a temporal study of coastal sediment contributions to organic carbon degradation induced by algal bloom and terrestrial runoff

文章编号: N24122310
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Yeganeh Mirzaei, Peter M J Douglas, Yves Gélinas
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: The priming effect (PE) refers to the enhanced remineralization of recalcitrant organic carbon (OC) driven by the respiration of labile OC, potentially increasing CO2 fluxes from aquatic ecosystems. Patterns of PE induced by marine and terrestrial OC inputs can be explored through sedimentary contributions to the degraded OC pool. In this study, coastal sediments (δ¹³Cbulk = −25.26 ± 0.06 ‰, 1.63 ± 0.07 % OC) were spiked with isotopically distinct marine and terrestrial OC sources (Nannochloropis phytoplankton, δ¹³C = −43.18 ± 0.31 ‰; and C4 corn leaves, δ¹³C = −13.90 ± 0.09 ‰). Source contributions to respired OC were investigated using n-alkane concentration profiles and stable carbon isotopes (C15-C30) across 30 microcosms. Elevated concentrations of ¹³C-enriched high molecular weight n-alkanes (e.g., δ¹³CC29 = −26.3 ± 0.5 ‰) were observed in corn leaf amendments, whereas the phytoplankton spike exhibited a higher abundance of ¹³C-depleted low molecular weight n-alkanes (e.g., δ¹³CC17 = −46.8 ± 0.4 ‰). Mixing models indicate the sedimentary OC contribution to the degraded biomarkers, for which an increasing trend suggests a PE. Phytoplankton-amended microcosms showed a sediment OC contribution of 10.3 ± 1.5 % to the degradation of the C17 n-alkane. The corn leaf spike resulted in consistently higher contributions of 30.4 ± 3.6 % for the lost C29 n-alkane, documenting the effect of carbohydrate rich organic matter on sedimentary OC remineralization. A synergistic interaction emerged when sediments received a mix of marine and terrestrial OC, exhibiting contributions to n-alkane loss of 48.3 ± 5.3 % for C17, and 35.2 ± 5.2 % for C29. Following biochemical fractionation that leads to the selective breakdown of certain biochemical structures, our data indicate greater sedimentary degradation during induced terrestrial runoff compared to an algal bloom, providing a quantitative measure of OC remineralization.
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8. 题目: Well-managed grass is a key strategy for carbon storage and stabilization in anthropized Amazon soils

文章编号: N24122309
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: S Tenelli, A F Nascimento, F P Gabetto, M L Pimentel, M Strauss, R O Bordonal, C E P Cerri, M R Cherubin, J L N Carvalho
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Soils under anthropic use in the Amazon region are often associated with soil carbon (C) stock losses. More recently, the restoration of degraded pastures and the introduction of integrated systems have changed this pattern, and soil C accumulation is often observed. This study evaluated an 11-year field experiment to quantify soil C changes and elucidate C stabilization mechanisms in areas under anthropic uses in the southern Amazon of Brazil. Four land use systems were evaluated: crop succession (CS), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF), and a well-managed pasture (MP). Land uses with a greater presence of well-managed grass increased soil C stocks, especially in the top 10 cm, with values of 30.9, 29.7, 36.5, and 39.4 Mg ha⁻¹ in the CS, ICLF, ICL, and MP systems, respectively. Compared to the baseline, ICL and MP systems showed soil C accumulation rates of 0.68–0.95 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Greater aggregate stability and higher mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) were observed in both MP and ICL. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy verified 11%, 38%, and 32% more recalcitrant C groups (aliphatic/aromatic) in the MP system than ICL, ICLF, and CS at 0–5 cm. In the ICLF system, the eucalyptus row showed 15% lower soil C stocks, less MAOC, and less abundance of recalcitrant groups than the inter-row position. Land use systems with long-term spatial-temporal use of grass in well-managed pastures or ICL promoted greater C stabilization through intra-aggregate occlusion, mineral sorption, and chemical recalcitrance, representing a good strategy to enhance C storage in Amazon anthropized soils.
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9. 题目: Long-term rice–crayfish coculture increases plant lignin but not microbial necromass contribution to soil organic carbon

文章编号: N24122308
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Yao Guo, Quanyi Hu, Tianqi Liu, Yunfeng Du, Chengfang Li, Xuelin Zhang, Juan Liu, Cougui Cao
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Rice–crayfish coculture (RC) has emerged as a transformative agricultural practice in China, significantly influencing soil microorganisms and enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. However, the contribution of plant residues and microbial necromass to the increased SOC within RC systems remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), microbial necromass C (MNC, with amino sugars as biomarkers), plant-derived C (VSC, with lignin phenols as biomarkers) levels, along with soil properties across conventional rice monoculture (RM) and RC systems of 5-, 10-, and 15-yr durations (RC5, RC10, and RC15, respectively). The results showed that long-term RC fields exhibited stronger aggregation, higher soil nutrient levels, organically complexed Fe oxides (Fep), and lower bulk density and oxidation–reduction potential than those with RM. The SOC levels were significantly higher in RC10 and RC15 than in RM, by 31.8 % and 37.2 %, respectively. Moreover, RC significantly reduced the levels of bacterial (25.3–35.4 %) and fungal (19.5–34.7 %) PLFAs compared with RM, with RC10 exhibiting the lowest levels. With RC duration increasing to 10–15 years, MNC and VSC were respectively higher by 12.4–25.3 % and 48.8–72.4 % than those in RM. Specifically, fungal necromass C, as well as vanillyl- and syringyl-type phenols, showed the most pronounced enhancements. Concurrently, the contribution of VSC to SOC (12.4–25.3 %) significantly increased in the 10 −15-yr RC period compared with RM, whereas MNC decreased proportionally (17.5–18.5 %). SOC and Fep were the primary factors regulating the contribution of MNC to SOC, whereas the contribution of VSC to SOC was mainly influenced by soil aggregation. Thus, long-term RC improved soil C sequestration primarily by increasing the contribution of plant-derived C rather than that of microbe-derived C. However, the findings of this study indicated that long-term RC might limit microbial biomass, thereby raising concerns about the long-term sustainability of microbial communities in these systems.
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10. 题目: Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation and Stability Under Rice Straw, Ash, and Biochar Amendment in Saline-Alkali Soil

文章编号: N24122307
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Ya Jiang, Wenhao Zhu, Yuhang Han, Cuilan Li, Jinjing Zhang
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Salinization and alkalization contribute significantly to soil degradation. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation is an effective approach to remediate saline-alkali soil. However, how rice straw (RS), rice straw biochar (RSB), and rice straw ash (RSA) impact soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stability in saline-alkali soil remains unknown. Herein, SOC and SOC fractions contents in bulk soil and its particle- and aggregate-size classes under RS, RSB, and RSA amendments and control with amendments (CK) were investigated by field experiment. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to evaluate bulk SOC chemical composition. The SOC and SOC fractions contents ranked as CK<RSA<RS<RSB. Aromatic C was higher whereas O-alkyl C was lower in RSB relative to other treatments. The contents of SOC and SOC fractions in bulk soil were generally positively correlated with those in particle- and aggregate-size classes as well as with aromatic C. Redundancy analysis showed that exchangeable sodium and electrical conductivity were the most significant factors in shaping SOC contents and chemical composition. The results indicated that RSB is more beneficial for SOC accumulation and stabilization as compared to RS and RSA. The primary mechanisms of SOC accumulation in RSB-amended soil included physical protection afforded by aggregate classes, chemical protection mediated by silt and clay fractions, and biochemical protection with recalcitrant aromatic C. Our findings suggest that converting RS into RSB and the subsequent application of this biochar have the potential for improving soil quality in saline-alkali paddy field.
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11. 题目: Assessing Carbon Sequestration Potential of Check Dams in the Helong Region of the Chinese Loess Plateau

文章编号: N24122306
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Xiang Zhang, Huaxin Cao, Jiayu Liu, Xinjuan Zheng, Dongli She
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Check dams are widely recognized as highly efficacious engineering interventions for preventing soil erosion, and they have been extensively promoted and employed worldwide. However, there is a dearth of comprehensive research on the carbon storage and carbon sequestration potential of check dams, impeding our understanding of carbon fate in sedimentary regions of terrestrial systems. The goal of this study is to evaluate the carbon storage and carbon sequestration potential of check dams within the Helong Region (HLR), utilizing measured data from subcatchments and collected key dam data. The results indicated that the horizontal distribution characteristics of organic carbon (OC) in the seven subcatchments within the Yanhe catchment exhibited a gradually increasing trend from upstream to downstream. The vertical distribution of OC content can be categorized into three patterns: initial decrease followed by fluctuation, initial decrease followed by fluctuating increase, and sudden increase followed by stability. The variation range of OC stored in the dam land was 1.47–598.21 Mg, and there existed a strong quadratic relationship between OC storage and the dam land area. The HLR encompasses a total of 3703 key dams, with a combined storage capacity of 39.89 × 10⁸ m³ and controlling an area of 17951.6 km². As of 2011, the sediment load and OC buried in key dams within the HLR were estimated to be 24.98 × 10⁸ t and 6385.98 Gg, respectively. Assuming complete filling of all key dams, the estimated carbon sequestration potential of the key dams amounted to 6869.41 Gg. The research findings can provide a theoretical foundation for comprehending carbon redistribution and carbon sequestration in the erosion–deposition environment of terrestrial systems.
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12. 题目: Energizing solar still efficiency with eco-friendly coconut shell biochar enhanced organic phase change material

文章编号: N24122305
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Reji Kumar Rajamony, Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju, B Kalidasan, Aman Yadav, A K Pandey, A G N Sofiah, Johnny Koh Siaw Paw, Amanullah Fatehmulla, Mahendran Samykano, R Saidur
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Solar stills (SS) have emerged as a viable solution to water scarcity, particularly in isolated or rural areas where access to clean water is limited. These systems utilize solar energy for the processes of evaporation and condensation, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for water purification. However, the primary drawback of conventional SS lies in its relatively low production capacity, constrained by daylight hours and limited thermal efficiency. This study presents an innovative advancement by incorporating coconut shell biochar-enhanced phase change materials (CSePCM) into solar stills. The novelty of this approach lies in the integration of CSePCMs, which significantly improve the thermal performance of the system, addressing both energy efficiency and production limitations inherent in traditional SS technologies. A comprehensive characterization of the CSePCM materials was conducted, evaluating their morphological structure, elemental composition, chemical stability, thermal conductivity, and melting enthalpy. Experimental results demonstrated that the CSePCM-3 variant enhanced thermal conductivity by 88.64%, optical performance by 80.77%, and melting enthalpy by 11.54% compared to the baseline phase change materials. These improvements resulted in notable performance gains for the integrated SS system, with water temperature, absorber temperature, and distillate production increasing by 10.1%, 8.2%, and 72.7%, respectively, relative to conventional SS. Furthermore, cost analysis revealed that the SS-CSePCM system offers a 34.63% reduction in production costs and a 43.58% faster payback period. These findings underscore the scalability and practical applicability of the proposed system, positioning it as a sustainable, cost-efficient, and adaptable solution for clean water production in water-scarce regions globally.
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13. 题目: Exploring different effects of biofilm formation and natural organic matter adsorption on the properties of three typical microplastics in the freshwater

文章编号: N24122304
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Juntong Gao, Ziqian Ju, Qimeng Yang, Xinwei Zhou
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Microplastics entering the aqueous environment are susceptible to the surrounding environmental processes, including biofilm formation and natural organic matter (NOM) adsorption, which significantly alters their properties and environmental fate. In this study, polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics were respectively incubated in the untreated and disinfected freshwater to investigate the different effects of biofilm formation and only NOM adsorption on the properties of microplastics. The results showed that the total amount of fouling biomass driven by biofilm formation was markedly higher than that of NOM adsorption. The changes in microplastic surface morphologies and special surface area dominated by biofilm formation and NOM adsorption were different; biofilm formation induced various shaped bacteria and a dense layer of extracellular polymeric substances adhering on microplastic surfaces with the decreased special surface area, whereas NOM adsorption mainly resulted in the obvious pores, cracks and winkles and the increased special surface area, indicating the initial degradation of microplastics. Moreover, both biofilm formation and NOM adsorption could reduce the hydrophobicity of three microplastics. The decreased trends of the hydrophobicity of microplastics were closely related to the amount of fouling biomass in a linear relationship with different influenced coefficients (slope a), subsequently verifying that NOM adsorption played a key role in the alternation of the hydrophobicity of microplastics. Surface chemical characterization by FTIR and 3D-EEMs presented the generation of additional functional groups and components on the microplastic surface attributed to the biofilm formation and NOM adsorption in different extent and sequence. This study provides more detailed information about the different effects of biofilm formation and NOM adsorption on the properties of microplastics in the aqueous environment.
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14. 题目: The self-cleaning hybrid membranes with nano-TiO2 modification for deeply removing the humic acid and heavy metal from water: mechanism and feasibility

文章编号: N24122303
期刊: Journal of Membrane Science
作者: Yang Yang, Lei Huang, Yongshi Huang, Mahmud Sakil, Kaige Dong, Jingxin Yang, Wei Zhang, Gaosheng Zhang, Mengmeng Jia, Zhu Xiong
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Accumulation of pollutants poses significant challenges to advanced membrane process, impacting efficiency and increasing operational costs. Fulvic acid and its analogues, widely distributed natural organic compounds, degrade water quality and produce by-products in traditional water treatment processes. The presence of even trace heavy metals in water, at the same time, can have a long-term impact on human health. Addressing these issues, we developed a novel TiO₂-polydopamine (PDA) modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (TiO₂-PDA@PVDF) through an environmental-friendly and low-cost sol-gel method. The membrane features dense nano-TiO₂ coverage, facilitated by a crosslinked dopamine layer, enabling in-situ growth of a functional TiO₂ layer via hydrothermal treatment. This hybrid membrane demonstrates superior adsorption, permeation, and photocatalytic self-cleaning capabilities. Performance analysis demonstrates over 90% removal efficiency for humic acid and 85-95% for heavy metals (Tl⁺, Sb³⁺, and Cr⁶⁺). During humic acid separation, the initial flux of nano-TiO₂ membrane was 432 L/m²·h, however, the flux attenuation (63%) was smaller than unmodified membrane (91%). Notably, the membrane maintained a flux loss ratio of less than 10% after multiple operations and self-cleaning cycles, showcasing its robustness and sustainability. The TiO₂-PDA@PVDF membrane not only effectively intercepts and adsorbs contaminants but also recovers its performance through photo-regeneration facilitated by trace hydrogen peroxide and UV light. These results highlight the membrane's potential for sustainable water purification, presenting a promising solution for both fouling mitigation and enhanced efficiency.
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15. 题目: Trait-based Modeling of Microbial Interactions and Carbon Turnover in the Rhizosphere

文章编号: N24122302
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Ahmet Kürşad Sırcan, Thilo Streck, Andrea Schnepf, Mona Giraud, Adrian Lattacher, Ellen Kandeler, Christian Poll, Holger Pagel
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要: Understanding the feedback mechanisms between roots and soil, and their effects on microbial communities, is crucial for predicting carbon cycling processes in agroecosystems. Process-based modeling is a valuable tool for quantifying biogeochemical processes and identifying regulatory mechanisms in the rhizosphere. A novel one-dimensional axisymmetric rhizosphere model is used to simulate the spatially resolved dynamics of microorganisms and soil organic matter turnover around a single root segment. The model accounts for two functional groups with different life history strategies (copiotrophs and oligotrophs), reflecting trade-offs in functional microbial traits related to substrate utilization and microbial metabolism. It considers differences in the accessibility of soil organic matter by including the microbial utilization of low and high molecular weight organic carbon compounds (LMW-OC, HMW-OC). The model was conditioned using Bayesian inference with constraint-based parameter sampling, which enabled the identification of parameter sets resulting in plausible model predictions in agreement with experimental evidence.Mimicking the behavior of growing roots, the model assumed 15 days of rhizodeposition for LMW-OC. The simulations show a decreasing pattern of dissolved LMW-OC away from the root surface. We observed a dominance of copiotrophs close to the root surface (0-0.1 mm). Spatial patterns of functional microbial groups persisted after rhizodeposition ended, indicating a legacy effect of rhizodeposition on microbial communities, particularly on oligotrophic activity. Simulated microbial biomass exhibits a very rapid change within 0-0.2 mm away from the root surface, which points to the importance of resolving soil properties and states at sub-millimeter resolution. Microbial-explicit rhizosphere modeling thus facilitates elucidating spatiotemporal patterns of microorganisms and carbon turnover in the rhizosphere. The identified legacy effect of rhizodeposition on soil microorganisms might be leveraged for rhizosphere-based carbon stabilization strategies in agroecosystems.
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16. 题目: The older, the better: a comprehensive survey of soil organic carbon under commercial oil palm plantations

文章编号: N24122301
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Karolina Golicz, Sim Choon Cheak, Suzanne Jacobs, André Große-Stoltenberg, Mojdeh Safaei, Sonoko Bellingrath-Kimura, Lutz Breuer, Ariani Wartenberg
更新时间: 2024-12-23
摘要:

Soil conditions of croplands are a frequent topic of scientific research. In contrast, less is known about large-scale commercial plantations of perennial crops such as oil palm. Oil palm is a globally important tropical commodity crop which contributes to both food and energy security due to its exceptional productivity. However, oil palm crops are associated with short lifecycles and high nutrient demands, which may disproportionately affect soil health. With the goal of exploring baseline soil properties in commercial oil palm plantations, we evaluated data from two large-scale soil surveys carried out in 2014/2015 and 2018/2019 across more than 400 fields located throughout Peninsular Malaysia. We examined variation in field-measured soil quality indicators with a focus on soil organic carbon content at three depths (0–15 cm, 15–30 cm, 30–45 cm) and investigated links with spatial covariates, including plantation age. We found SOC contents to be low (1.6–2%) across the sampled locations with limited correlation with spatial predictors employed in soil organic carbon modelling. Furthermore, we found that immature and young mature plantations, which consisted of fields that were re-planted as part of a 20-year-long oil palm rotation, were characterised by significantly lower soil organic carbon content than the mature plantations. This suggests that management practices should target younger oil palm plantations for soil organic conservation measures to increase the overall baseline SOC content, which will subsequently accumulate over the plantation’s lifespan. We further provide recommendations for future soil sampling efforts, which could increase the robustness of collected data and facilitate their use for soil monitoring through modelling approaches involving, for example, digital soil mapping.

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