AHCI论文“拆解-仿写”系列文章适读人群:
1. 有英文论文发表需求的硕博士生、大学青椒群体
2. 英文写作拉垮、还不想花高昂润色费的抠门学渣群体(bushi
3. 想碎片化积累学术英语的考研、考博、留学生群体
主干是:Architectural ceramic items(主语)+ are produced(谓语),使用一般现在时的被动语态,表示“建筑陶瓷制品被生产”。
usually referred to as pyrogranite是过去分词短语作定语,修饰主语Architectural ceramic items,表示“通常被称为火成岩”;
since the late 19th century是介词短语作状语,表示“自19世纪末以来”;
by the Zsolnay factory是介词短语作状语,表示“由Zsolnay工厂”。
注意:原句中的“since”引导的时间状语通常与完成时连用,但这里使用了一般现在时的被动语态,可能是为了强调当前的一种常态或习惯。然而,从语法严谨性的角度来看,“since+时间点”更常与现在完成时连用。如果要完全符合语法规则,这句话可以改写为“Architectural ceramic items, usually referred to as pyrogranite, have been produced by the Zsolnay factory since the late 19th century.”。
主干是:Lead enrichment(主语)+ was also detected(谓语),使用了一般过去时的被动语态,表示“铅富集也被检测到了”。
that was present in the top part of the ceramic body of the King Béla IV panel是定语从句,修饰限定主语Lead enrichment,说明是哪种铅富集,即“在贝拉四世国王画板陶瓷体顶部存在的铅富集”;
in the outer rims of other Zsolnay products是介词短语作状语,表示“在其他兹索尔奈产品的外缘”;
such as the roof tiles produced at the end of the 19th century是介词短语作定语,修饰限定other Zsolnay products,进一步举例说明是哪些产品,即“如19世纪末生产的屋顶瓦片”。
主干是:A white slip(主语)+ was used(谓语),使用了一般过去时的被动语态,表示“一种白色的泥浆被使用”;
composed of clay mixed with calcium sulphate是过去分词短语作定语,修饰主语A white slip,表示“由黏土与硫酸钙混合而成的”;
to level off the surface of the King Béla IV panel是不定式短语作目的状语,表示“为了平整贝拉四世国王画板的表面”;
prior to the application of the glaze是介词短语作时间状语,表示“在上釉之前”。
句子4: The layer sequence of the ceramic painting and the microtextural and microchemical analysis of the layers indicate that the portrait of King Béla IV was created in a different way than were the golden decorative motifs surrounding the portrait.陶瓷绘画的层序以及层的微观结构和微观化学分析表明,贝拉四世国王的肖像画是以不同于围绕肖像画的金色装饰图案的方式创作的。
主干是:The layer sequence of the ceramic painting and the microtextural and microchemical analysis of the layers(主语,由并列短语构成)+ indicate(谓语),使用一般现在时,表示“陶瓷绘画的层序以及层的微观结构和微观化学分析表明”。
that the portrait of King Béla IV was created in a different way than were the golden decorative motifs surrounding the portrait是宾语从句,作为indicate的宾语,具体说明了陶瓷绘画的层序以及层的微观结构和微观化学分析所表明的内容。
that,引导宾语从句。the portrait of King Béla IV,表示“贝拉四世国王的肖像画”。was created,表示“被创作”。in a different way,表示“以不同的方式”。than were the golden decorative motifs surrounding the portrait,是一个省略了主语和助动词的省略句,与前面的in a different way相呼应,表示“与围绕肖像画的金色装饰图案不同”。the golden decorative motifs,表示“金色装饰图案”。surrounding the portrait,修饰限定the golden decorative motifs,说明装饰图案的位置。were,与前面的was created中的was相呼应,表示过去时态。
主干是:The non-destructive XRF analysis(主语)+ reveals(谓语)+ that similar pigments were used for red-pink and blue colours in all the paintings, but slightly different colourants, or rather a mixture of colourants, were applied for the other colours(宾语从句),使用了一般现在时,表示“无损X射线荧光分析揭示了...”。
of three ceramic paintings (King Béla IV, King Endre III and Saint Imre)是介词短语作定语,修饰主语The non-destructive XRF analysis,说明是“对三幅陶瓷绘画(贝拉四世国王、安德烈三世国王和圣伊姆雷)的”无损X射线荧光分析。
that similar pigments were used for red-pink and blue colours in all the paintings, but slightly different colourants, or rather a mixture of colourants, were applied for the other colours, such as green, black and brown是宾语从句,作为reveals的宾语,具体说明了无损X射线荧光分析所揭示的内容:
并列句:由but连接两个并列的分句。插入语:or rather a mixture of colourants,表示“或者更确切地说,是着色剂的混合物”,对前面的slightly different colourants进行进一步说明。such as green, black and brown是介词短语作定语,修饰the other colours,举例说明其他颜色的种类。
第一个分句:similar pigments were used for red-pink and blue colours in all the paintings,表示“在所有绘画中都使用了相似的颜料来绘制红色和粉红色的部分以及蓝色的部分”。
第二个分句:slightly different colourants, or rather a mixture of colourants, were applied for the other colours, such as green, black and brown,表示“但其他颜色,如绿色、黑色和棕色,则使用了略有不同的着色剂,或者更确切地说,是着色剂的混合物”。