中国降准并下调存量房贷利率，试图提振经济

教育 2024-09-25 12:28 新西兰

原文链接
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/24/business/china-cuts-mortgage-rates.html

China Cuts Interest Rates and Mortgage Down Payments

中国人民银行行长潘功胜在周二的一场罕见的新闻发布会上。 Adek Berry/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

China’s central bank announced a series of measures on Tuesday aimed at making it easier for households and companies to borrow money, in the boldest attempt by the Chinese authorities in recent months to revive economic growth, halt a housing market crash and stop a broad decline in prices.

中国央行周二宣布了一系列措施，旨在让家庭和公司更容易贷款，这是中国政府近几个月来为重振经济增长、制止房地产市场崩盘和阻止物价广泛下跌而做出的最大胆尝试。

The central bank, the People’s Bank of China, cut short-term interest rates and rates on existing mortgages, reduced minimum down payments for housing purchases, and freed banks to lend a larger proportion of their assets.

中国人民银行下调了短期利率和现有抵押贷款利率，降低了购房最低首付比例，并允许银行将更大比例的资产贷出。

Pan Gongsheng, the governor of the central bank, said at a rare news conference that his agency was ready to free banks to lend even more money if needed.

央行行长潘功胜在一次罕见的新闻发布会上表示，央行已做好准备，在必要时允许银行贷出更多资金。

Acting less than a week after the Federal Reserve cut rates by half a percentage point, the Chinese central bank cut a benchmark seven-day interest rate to 1.5 percent from 1.7 percent.

在美联储将利率下调半个百分点不到一周后，中国央行将七天基准利率从1.7%下调至1.5%。

In addition, the People’s Bank of China told commercial banks they would be allowed to reduce, by half a percentage point, how much of their assets they hold in reserve. That move will free the banks to lend an additional $140 billion to companies and households.

此外，中国人民银行告诉各商业银行，允许它们将所持资产储备降低半个百分点。此举将使银行能够向公司和家庭额外贷款1400亿美元。

Mr. Pan said that if needed in the coming months, the central bank was ready to make another reserve cut, potentially doubling the extra money available for lending.

潘功胜表示，如果未来几个月有需要，央行准备再次下调存款准备金，可能会将可用于贷款的额外资金增加一倍。

The central bank also authorized lenders to cut interest rates on existing mortgages by about half a percentage point. That would reduce the rates for many existing mortgages to below 4 percent.

央行还授权贷款机构将现有抵押贷款利率下调约半个百分点。这将使许多现有抵押贷款的利率降至4%以下。

The minimum down payments for buying second homes, often purchased in China as investments, would be cut to 15 percent of the apartment’s value, from 25 percent now, Mr. Pan added.

潘功胜还表示，购买第二套房的最低首付占房屋价值的比例从现在的25%降至的15%，在中国，购入第二套房通常是作为投资。

Lower mortgage rates will squeeze the revenues of the country’s government-controlled banks. So the central bank also said it would allow commercial banks to pay less interest on deposits — a move that may prompt some consumers to spend more.

降低抵押贷款利率将挤压中国政府控制的银行的收入。因此，央行还表示将允许商业银行减少存款利息——此举可能会促使一些消费者增加消费。

Home prices have fallen about 10 percent a year for the past three years. Before Tuesday’s actions, some economists had been predicting that home prices would fall even faster in the coming year. The collapse of many property developers has undermined buyers’ confidence.

过去三年来，房价每年下跌约10%。在周二的行动之前，一些经济学家曾预测，未来一年房价的下跌速度会更快。许多房地产开发商的倒闭打击了购房者的信心。

Many families have trimmed their personal spending after losing much of their savings because of falling housing prices. Apartments had been the main vehicle for building wealth in China, representing two-thirds or more of household assets.

由于房价下跌，许多家庭失去了相当一部分积蓄，因此削减了个人支出。在中国，拥有房产一直是积累财富的主要工具，占家庭资产的三分之二或更多。

Many restaurants are struggling. In Beijing, few people were on the streets on Saturday evening in Sanlitun, normally one of the city’s busiest neighborhoods for dining and window shopping. A week earlier, it was easy to get a weekend dinner table at Shanghai restaurants that used to be packed, with lines out the door.

许多餐馆在苦苦挣扎。在北京，周六傍晚的三里屯街头冷冷清清，而这里通常是北京最热闹的餐饮和橱窗购物区之一。一周前，很容易就能订到上海一些餐馆的周末晚餐位子，而这些餐馆过去都是座无虚席，门外排着长队。

China’s stock markets, among the worst-performing in the world this year, barely moved immediately after the central bank’s announcements, but by midday were up a little more than 2 percent.

中国股市是今年全球表现最差的股市之一，在央行发布公告后，股市第一时间基本没有什么波动，但到午盘时，股市涨幅略高于2%。

The central bank’s actions might not be enough by themselves to reverse the Chinese economy’s slowdown. Surveys have shown that few businesses want to borrow money almost regardless of interest rates. They worry whether they will have enough sales within China to repay loans.

央行的行动本身可能不足以扭转中国经济放缓的趋势。调查显示，几乎不论利率如何，很少有企业愿意借钱。他们担心在中国的销售是否足以偿还贷款。

Sales of new apartments have plummeted. The failure of many of the country’s largest property developers has left millions of households waiting for the completion of apartments for which they paid deposits.

新房销售量急剧下降。中国许多最大的房地产开发商倒闭，导致数百万家庭等待已付订金的公寓竣工。

A growing number of Chinese and Western economists have suggested that the national government needs to borrow money and start spending heavily. But the finance ministry has been wary of increases in borrowing.

越来越多的中国和西方经济学家建议，中国政府需要借钱，并开始大手大脚地花钱。但财政部一直对增加借贷持谨慎态度。

A report by Capital Economics, a research firm, said that the central bank's actions on Tuesday were “a step in the right direction. But it will probably be insufficient to drive a turnaround in growth unless followed up with greater fiscal support.”

研究公司Capital Economics的报告称，中国央行周二的行动是“朝着正确方向迈出了一步。但这可能不足以推动经济增长出现转机，除非后续有更大的财政支持。”

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTM2MTkwOQ==&mid=2654130457&idx=1&sn=a3c532090d572f49a1e455095e314138

英语悦读客

True mastery of any skill takes a lifetime.

最新文章

国家有办法让人们多生孩子吗

他让陌生人强奸妻子，他们为什么不认为自己是强奸犯

初级心理咨询师推荐必读书目！当名医遇到哲学超人，演绎出心理咨询的诞生过程

诺奖获奖作家韩江：“直面历史创伤，揭露人类生命的脆弱”

悦读 | 经济学人 2024.10.12 + 韩江作品集

居家练全身的30分钟壶铃HIIT训练 - 6组

男人并不需要“正面男子气概”

在韩国这间办公室里，与朝鲜统一的梦想依然鲜活而深沉

朝鲜宣布：完全切断与韩国连接的铁路与公路

高校确认：两名大学生校内溺亡

悦读 | 迪米特里奥斯的面具 - 间谍惊悚类型的经典作品

悦读 | “不为帝王唱赞歌，只为苍生说人话”的中国通史

中欧贸易摩擦升级 | 中国宣布对欧洲白兰地实施临时反倾销措施

新西兰军舰沉没！服役5年，价值1亿纽币！调查委员会寻找搁浅原因

谁是 Pieter Levels？每月通过开发产品赚取17.6万美元的企业家

全球通缉！中国留学生朝澳洲9个月大婴儿泼滚烫咖啡

悦读 | 《间谍》（The Spy）间谍惊悚片的起源

为何全球大国无力阻止中东战事

悦读 | 2024国际布克奖作品 The Safekeep

悦读 | 2024国际布克奖作品 Orbital

真主党领导人遇袭身亡将中东冲突推向新领域

Telegram如何成为犯罪分子和恐怖分子的游乐场

两岁小猫在黄石公园走失，独自跋涉1300公里后平安回家

悦读 | 设计原本，程序员、项目经理和架构师终极修炼必读！

中国降准并下调存量房贷利率，试图提振经济

悦读 | 冷门但好看的历史书之《茶馆之殇》

以色列的寻呼机攻击改变了世界

悦读 | 冷门但好看的历史书之《战争与革命中的西南联大》

悦读 | 冷门但好看的历史书之《戊戌变法的另面》

中国将逐步解禁日本水产品进口 & 他们如何看待“领养时代的结束”

经济学人推荐：《哼》- 一部关于人工智能的扣人心弦的新小说抓住了人类的意义

中国汽车制造商如何应对欧盟关税？在欧洲造车

悦读 | 冷门但好看的历史书之《天国之秋》

纽约时报 | 出生率下降、老龄化加剧，中国“银发经济”迎来春天

现代“特洛伊木马”：详解黎巴嫩寻呼机爆炸案

纽约时报 | 特朗普再遭暗杀未遂，美国政治暴力加剧

纽约客 | 美国军方掩盖的战争罪行

韩国深伪色情犯罪激增，厌女文化助长网络性暴力

泰勒·斯威夫特支持贺锦丽，“顶流”明星能否左右选情

没有性生活的婚姻可能幸福吗

经济学人推荐新书《为什么战争？》

求神拜佛盼“上岸”：苦于美国H-1B签证抽签的中国移民

特朗普是如何在辩论中攻击、诋毁女性的

华为推出三折叠屏手机Mate XT，售价19999元起

悦读 | 今日全球同步发售｜《人类简史》作者又一力作！

苹果推出首款人工智能iPhone

经济学人推荐新书：为何到处是巨婴-《幼稚化：文化是否阻止人们成长》

BBC | Chocolate: Meet a real Willy Wonka

亨特·拜登对九项联邦税收指控认罪，可能面临长期监禁

塔利班新法令阿富汗女性绝望，女性在除了自家以外的地方发出声音，都属于非法行为。

分类

时事

民生

政务

教育

文化

科技

财富

体娱

健康

情感

旅行

百科

职场

楼市

企业

乐活

学术

汽车

时尚

创业

美食

幽默

美体

文摘

原创标签

时事社会财经军事教育体育科技汽车科学房产搞笑综艺明星音乐动漫游戏时尚健康旅游美食生活摄影宠物职场育儿情感小说曲艺文化历史三农文学娱乐电影视频图片新闻宗教电视剧纪录片广告创意壁纸头像心灵鸡汤星座命理教育培训艺术文化金融财经健康医疗美妆时尚餐饮美食母婴育儿社会新闻工业农业时事政治星座占卜幽默笑话独立短篇连载作品文化历史科技互联网

发布位置

广东北京山东江苏河南浙江山西福建河北上海四川陕西湖南安徽湖北内蒙古江西云南广西甘肃辽宁黑龙江贵州新疆重庆吉林天津海南青海宁夏西藏香港澳门台湾美国加拿大澳大利亚日本新加坡英国西班牙新西兰韩国泰国法国德国意大利缅甸菲律宾马来西亚越南荷兰柬埔寨俄罗斯巴西智利卢森堡芬兰瑞典比利时瑞士土耳其斐济挪威朝鲜尼日利亚阿根廷匈牙利爱尔兰印度老挝葡萄牙乌克兰印度尼西亚哈萨克斯坦塔吉克斯坦希腊南非蒙古奥地利肯尼亚加纳丹麦津巴布韦埃及坦桑尼亚捷克阿联酋安哥拉