近日，由河北农大王立新-刘志国团队在PCE发表了题为《ZjMAPKK4 Interacted With ZjNAC78 Regulates Cold Tolerance Response in Jujube》的研究论文，揭示了枣树中ZjMAPKK4与ZjNAC78互作调节耐寒响应。
在中国，枣树（Ziziphus jujuba Mill）是一种重要的果树作物，它具有较强的耐旱性和耐盐性，但其对冷胁迫较为敏感。MAPK级联是一种重要的信号通路，但其在介导枣树冷胁迫反应中的作用尚不清楚，ZjMAPKK4在这一背景下的具体功能也尚未完全阐明。
因此，在本研究中，作者发现与其它ZjMAPK级联基因相比，冷处理后ZjMAPKK4显著上调。在拟南芥中异源转化ZjMAPKK4，VIGS诱导的ZjMAPKK4瞬时沉默以及枣愈伤组织中ZjMAPKK4的过表达实验表明，ZjMAPKK4正向调控枣树的抗寒性。
此外，为了阐明ZjMAPKK4在冷胁迫下背后的分子调控机制，通过转录组分析筛选出25个关键差异表达基因（DEGs）。酵母筛选cDNA库、酵母双杂交、LCA和Co-IP分析显示，ZjMAPKK4与ZjNAC78相互作用，且VIGS诱导的ZjNAC78沉默后，枣树表现出对冷的敏感性，冷胁迫后冷响应基因的表达水平也随之下调。
以上结果表明，ZjMAPKK4可以与ZjNAC78相互作用，调节下游的ZjICE-ZjCBF基因来介导枣树的抗寒性。
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) holds great importance as a fruit tree in China, with strong tolerance to drought and saline stress, but its growth is limited by vulnerability to cold stress. Consequently, the role of MAPK cascades in mediating jujube cold stress response remains unclear, with the specific function of ZjMAPKK4 in this context yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, in the current study, it was found that ZjMAPKK4 was significantly upregulated compared with other ZjMAPK cascade genes after cold treatment. Heterologous transformation of ZjMAPKK4 in Arabidopsis, VIGS-induced ZjMAPKK4 transiently silencing and overexpression of ZjMAPKK4 in jujube callus assays demonstrated that ZjMAPKK4 positively regulated the cold resistance of jujube. Furthermore, to elucidate the molecular regulation mechanism behind ZjMAPKK4 under cold stress, 25 key DEGs were screened out by transcriptome analysis. Yeast screening cDNA library, yeast two-hybrid, LCA and Co-IP analysis showed ZjMAPKK4 interacted with ZjNAC78 and VIGS-induced ZjNAC78 silenced sour jujube plants showed cold sensitivity and the expression level of cold response genes were downregulated after cold stress. All the results demonstrated that ZjMAPKK4 could interact with ZjNAC78 to regulate the downstream ZjICE-ZjCBF genes to regulate the cold tolerance of jujube.
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