人教课本单词熟词生义汇总（选择性必修一）可下
1．switch /swɪtʃ/
①We've switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday.___________
②There was something wrong with the switch and I got a shock.___________
③She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism.___________
④Being bored with the present job，he wants to make a switch.___________
2．distant /'dɪstənt/
①(2019·天津6月卷)To many people，technology means computers，handheld devices，or vehicles that travel to distant planets.___________
②There was a distant look in her eyes from time to time，her thoughts elsewhere.___________
③There is little doubt，however，that things will improve in the not too distant future.___________
④He found her cold，icelike，and distant.___________
3．critical /'krɪtɪkl/
①It is difficult enough to be critical of our own mistakes.___________
②The critical question is whether that infrastructure will ever be built.___________
③The head of the FDA centre for tobacco products says cigarettes raise critical public health questions.___________
4．available /ə'veɪləbl/
①With all the information available，they found the hotel in the mountain easily.___________
②With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching，I'd like to invite you to my family gettogether on 25th June if you are available.___________
③We'll be leaving at 8：00 in the morning and a school bus is available for us at the school gate._________
5． command /kəˈmænd/
①You can book the grand hotel commanding the whole wonderful view of the city.___________
②The police arrived and took command of the situation.___________
③Applicants will be expected to have (a) good command of English.___________
④The commission intervened and commanded that work on the building cease.___________
⑤She was able to command the respect of the class.___________
6．break down
①These rules tell us how a sentence is broken down into phrases.___________
②If Tom carries on working like this，he will break down sooner or later.___________
③The telephone system has broken down.___________
④Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.___________
7．employ/ɪm'plɔɪ/
①(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.___________
②(江苏卷)According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition，arts agencies employ more than 10，000 people as full or parttime employees.___________
③Employed in writing a novel，she even doesn't have time to look after her son.___________
8．straighten up
①Straighten up slowly，then repeat the exercise ten times.___________
②From ingrained habit he paused to straighten up the bed.___________
9．perceive /pə'siːv/
①I can't perceive any difference between these coins.___________
②New technology was perceived to be a threat to employment.___________
③At first，I couldn't perceive what he said meant.___________
10．bother/'bɒðə(r)/
①Lots of people don't bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.___________
②He never bothered about his breakfast and he'll eat what is left over yesterday.___________
③The courts take too long and going to the police is a bother. ___________
④(熟词生义)It bothered me that boys weren't interested in language learning.___________
11．anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/
①Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety.___________
②His anxiety to win the vote was obvious.___________
12．wander/'wɒndə(r)/
①Don't wander about；don't enter other departments；stay in your assigned work area except on breaks._______
②The child wandered off and got lost，which made her parents very worried.___________
③She drove with her mind wandering，which caused an accident.___________
④I went to the park and had a wander around.___________
13．rare /reə(r)/
①He suffers from a rare blood disease.___________
②How do you like your roast beef，rare，medium or well done？___________
③The stamp collector decided to get that rare stamp at all costs.___________
14．up to
①Do you think she is up to doing the work alone？___________
②By the end of last month，he had learned up to 2，000 English words.___________
③Go and see what these naughty boys are up to.___________
④Whether we will go to the park is up to your brother.___________
15．appetite /'æpɪtaɪt/
①Don't eat too many nuts－you'll spoil your appetite.___________
②To start with，you must have an appetite for knowledge.___________
16.display /dɪˈspleɪ/
①(2020·江苏卷)Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.___________
②The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.___________
③It was unlike Gordon to display his feelings.___________
17．boost /buːst/
①It wants the government to take action to boost the economy.___________
②Without a major boost in tourism，the economy will suffer even further.___________
18．overcome/ˌəʊvə'kʌm/
①Cheer up and you are bound to overcome the present difficulty.___________
②In the final game，Sweden easily overcame France.___________
19．flavour(NAmEvor)/'fleɪvə/
①This yogurt comes in ten different flavours. ___________
②As you know，I like essays with an acrid flavour.___________
③Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavour to the occasion.___________
④Mother flavours her custards with lemon extract.___________
20．digest/daɪ'dʒest/
①It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.___________
②This food digests well，so you can feed it to your baby.___________
③I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.___________
21．hunger /ˈhʌŋɡər/
①The organization works to alleviate world hunger and disease.___________
②Nothing seemed to satisfy their hunger for truth.___________
22．take up
①She took up the story where Tim had left off.___________
②On the contrary，smart phones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health._______
③Mr. Fay is to take up an appointment as a researcher.___________
④It is not difficult to take up a new career in midlife.___________
23．objective /əb'dʒektɪv/ n
①Scientists need to be objective when doing research.___________
②(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.___________
24．defeat /dɪ'fiːt/
①Last week our school defeated their school at football.___________
②The world champion has only had two defeats in 20 fights.___________
25.flow /fləʊ/
①(2019·江苏卷)Believing in such a world，many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on crossborder flows of capital，labour and goods，with poor results.___________
②Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow to the text.___________
③As we know，the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas.___________
④It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.___________
26．sum /sʌm/
①To sum up ，there are three main ways of dealing with the present problem.___________
②It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years of achieve.___________
③A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.___________
27．draft /drɑːft/ n
①I've made a rough draft of the letter.___________
②Government should also draft relevant regulations as soon as possible.___________
③She hoped that Fox could be drafted to run the organization.___________
28.nature /ˈneɪtʃər/
①Just let nature take its course.___________
②She is very sensitive by nature. ___________
③It's difficult to define the exact nature of the problem.___________
④Don't worry about things of that nature.___________
29.suggest /səˈdʒest/
①It has been suggested that bright children should take their exams early.___________
②Can you suggest a good dictionary?___________
③All the evidence suggests (that) he stole the money.___________
④Are you suggesting (that) I'm lazy?___________
30.appear /əˈpɪr/
①A ship appeared on the horizon. ___________
②She appears to have many friends.___________
③His new book will be appearing in the spring.___________
30.apply /əˈplaɪ/
①He has applied to join the army.___________
②The new technology was applied to farming.___________
③Apply the cream sparingly to your face and neck.___________
答案
1．switch /swɪtʃ/ vt.转换；交换vi.&vt.(使)改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变
①We've switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday.vt.(使)改变
②There was something wrong with the switch and I got a shock.n.开关
③She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism.vi.转变
④Being bored with the present job，he wants to make a switch.n.改变
2．distant /'dɪstənt/ adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的
①(2019·天津6月卷)To many people，technology means computers，handheld devices，or vehicles that travel to distant planets.adj.遥远的
②There was a distant look in her eyes from time to time，her thoughts elsewhere.adj.心不在焉的
③There is little doubt，however，that things will improve in the not too distant future.adj.久远的
④He found her cold，icelike，and distant.adj.冷淡的
3．critical /'krɪtɪkl/ adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的
①It is difficult enough to be critical of our own mistakes.adj.批判性的
②The critical question is whether that infrastructure will ever be built.adj.关键的
③The head of the FDA centre for tobacco products says cigarettes raise critical public health questions.adj.严重的
4．available /ə'veɪləbl/ adj.可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
①With all the information available，they found the hotel in the mountain easily.adj.可获得的
②With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching，I'd like to invite you to my family gettogether on 25th June if you are available.adj.(人)有空的
③We'll be leaving at 8：00 in the morning and a school bus is available for us at the school gate.adj.可利用的
5． command v.命令；赢得；控制；俯瞰；n.命令，指示；指令；控制，管辖；控制权；兵团，军区；指挥部，司令部；掌握，精通
①You can book the grand hotel commanding the whole wonderful view of the city.vt.俯瞰
②The police arrived and took command of the situation.n.控制
③Applicants will be expected to have (a) good command of English.n.掌握；精通
④The commission intervened and commanded that work on the building cease.vt.命令
⑤She was able to command the respect of the class.v.赢得
6．break down 消除；分解；打破；失败；(身体)垮掉；出故障；瘫痪
①These rules tell us how a sentence is broken down into phrases.分解
②If Tom carries on working like this，he will break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉
③The telephone system has broken down.出故障；瘫痪
④Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.（谈判）失败
7．employ/ɪm'plɔɪ/ vt.使用；应用；雇用
①(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.vt.使用
②(江苏卷)According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition，arts agencies employ more than 10，000 people as full or parttime employees.vt.雇用
③Employed in writing a novel，she even doesn't have time to look after her son.vt.忙于
8．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
①Straighten up slowly，then repeat the exercise ten times.直起来
②From ingrained habit he paused to straighten up the bed.收拾整齐
9．perceive /pə'siːv/ vt.察觉；看待；理解
①I can't perceive any difference between these coins.vt.察觉
②New technology was perceived to be a threat to employment.vt.看待
③At first，I couldn't perceive what he said meant.vt.理解
10．bother/'bɒðə(r)/ vi.&vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便
①Lots of people don't bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.vi.费心；麻烦
②He never bothered about his breakfast and he'll eat what is left over yesterday.vi.因……操心
③The courts take too long and going to the police is a bother. n．麻烦
④(熟词生义)It bothered me that boys weren't interested in language learning.vt.使……麻烦
11．anxiety n.焦虑；忧虑；渴望
①Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety.焦虑不安
②His anxiety to win the vote was obvious.n.渴望
12．wander/'wɒndə(r)/ n．游荡；闲逛；流浪vt.&vi.闲逛；漫游vi.走失；离散；走神
①Don't wander about；don't enter other departments；stay in your assigned work area except on breaks.vi.闲逛
②The child wandered off and got lost，which made her parents very worried.vi.走失；离散
③She drove with her mind wandering，which caused an accident.vi.走神
④I went to the park and had a wander around. n．游荡；闲逛
13．rare /reə(r)/ adj.稀少的；珍贵的；(肉)半熟的
①He suffers from a rare blood disease.adj.罕见的
②How do you like your roast beef，rare，medium or well done？adj.(肉)半熟的
③The stamp collector decided to get that rare stamp at all costs.adj.珍贵的；稀有的
14．up to达到(某数量、程度等)；直到；不多于；(体力或智力上)能胜任
①Do you think she is up to doing the work alone？能胜任
②By the end of last month，he had learned up to 2，000 English words.达到
③Go and see what these naughty boys are up to.从事；忙于
④Whether we will go to the park is up to your brother.由某人决定
15．appetite /'æpɪtaɪt/ n．食欲；胃口；强烈欲望
①Don't eat too many nuts－you'll spoil your appetite.n.食欲；胃口
②To start with，you must have an appetite for knowledge.n.强烈欲望
16.display v.展示，陈列；显露，表现；（计算机）显示；（为求偶）作炫耀行为n.展览，陈列；表演；（计算机屏幕上的）显示，显示器；流露，表现；炫耀行为
①(2020·江苏卷)Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten.vt.显示
②The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.vt.展示
③It was unlike Gordon to display his feelings.vt.表露
17．boost/buːst/ vt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励
①It wants the government to take action to boost the economy.vt.使增长；使兴旺
②Without a major boost in tourism，the economy will suffer even further.n.增长；提高
18．overcome/ˌəʊvə'kʌm/ vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜
①Cheer up and you are bound to overcome the present difficulty.vt.克服；解决
②In the final game，Sweden easily overcame France.vt.战胜
19．flavour(NAmEvor)/'fleɪvə/n.味道；特点；特色
①This yogurt comes in ten different flavours. n.味道
②As you know，I like essays with an acrid flavour.n.特点
③Foreign visitors help to give a truly international flavour to the occasion.n.特色；气氛
④Mother flavours her custards with lemon extract.vt.给……调味
20．digest/daɪ'dʒest/ vt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟/'daɪdʒest/n.摘要；文摘
①It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.vt.领会；领悟
②This food digests well，so you can feed it to your baby.vi.消化
③I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift. n．文摘
21．hunger n.饥饿；饥荒;饥饿感；食欲；渴望 v.渴望
①The organization works to alleviate world hunger and disease.
②Nothing seemed to satisfy their hunger for truth.n.渴望
22．take up 拿起；占用，占据；开始从事；接受；继续
①She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续
②On the contrary，smart phones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health.占据
③Mr. Fay is to take up an appointment as a researcher.接受
④It is not difficult to take up a new career in midlife.开始从事
23．objective /əb'dʒektɪv/ n．目标；目的adj.客观的
①Scientists need to be objective when doing research.adj.客观的
②(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.n.目标
24．defeat /dɪ'fiːt/ n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜
①Last week our school defeated their school at football. vt.击败；战胜
②The world champion has only had two defeats in 20 fights.n.失败
25.flow /fləʊ/ n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动
①(2019·江苏卷)Believing in such a world，many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on crossborder flows of capital，labour and goods，with poor results.n.流动
②Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow to the text.n.流畅
③As we know，the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas. n．供应
④It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.vi.流动
26．sum /sʌm/ vi.总结；概括 n．金额；款项；总数；总和
①To sum up ，there are three main ways of dealing with the present problem.v.总结；概括
②It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years of achieve.n.总数；总和
③A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.n.金额；款项
27．draft /drɑːft/ n．草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟vt.选派；抽调
①I've made a rough draft of the letter. n．草稿
②Government should also draft relevant regulations as soon as possible.vt.起草；草拟
③She hoped that Fox could be drafted to run the organization.vt.选派；抽调
28.nature n.自然；本性；本质；种类；类型
①Just let nature take its course.自然方式
②She is very sensitive by nature .本性
③It's difficult to define the exact nature of the problem.本质
④Don't worry about things of that nature.种类
29.suggest 提议，建议；推荐，举荐；显示，表明；暗示，暗指；使人想到，使人联想到
①It has been suggested that bright children should take their exams early.建议
②Can you suggest a good dictionary?推荐
③All the evidence suggests (that) he stole the money.表明
④Are you suggesting (that) I'm lazy?暗示；言下之意是说
30.appear 出现；看来；好像出版；广播
①A ship appeared on the horizon. vi出现
②She appears to have many friends.vi好象, 似乎
③His new book will be appearing in the spring.v.出版
30.apply v.申请；涂，敷；施加，实施；应用，运用
①He has applied to join the army.v.申请
②The new technology was applied to farming.v.应用
③Apply the cream sparingly to your face and neck.v.涂；敷
