古特雷斯:创造适合子孙后代的未来

时事   2024-09-19 07:01   美国  




#UNGA

第79届联合国大会

General Assembly of

the United Nations

9.24-9.30

纽约

© 联合国图片/Mark Garten|古特雷斯秘书长新闻发布会现场



在世界各国领导人下周齐聚纽约联合国总部参加第79届联合国大会高级别周之前,联合国‍‍秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯刚刚按照惯例举行‍‍记‍‍‍者会,向各国媒体介绍联合国的全球行动。他‍在讲话中明确指出,各国必须利用我们这一代人只有一次机会的联合国峰会来应对当前和新出现的全球挑战,并改革过时的国际机构。


古特雷斯的发言正值周日(9月22日)在纽约联合国总部开幕的“未来峰会”最终成果文件——《未来契约》的政府间谈判工作进入最后冲刺阶段之际。


他说:“我今天要传达的一个最重要的信息就是:呼吁会员国发扬妥协精神。向世界展示当我们共同努力时我们可以取得成功。”



© 联合国资料图片|联合国纽约总部



01

至关重要的第一步

古特雷斯向各国媒体指出,为期两天的未来峰会是“使全球机构更合法、更有效、更适合当今和未来世界的重要第一步”。


他说,筹备工作揭示了“在一些重要方面取得突破的可能性”,这包括我们这一代人关于安理会改革的最有力措辞以及自1963年以来扩大安理会的最具体步骤、有史以来首次针对人工智能和其他技术的治理措施,以及在改革国际金融架构方面取得的进展。其他项目包括为可持续发展目标筹资,以及承诺推进可持续发展目标刺激计划,以加强对发展中国家的财政支持。


他警告说,如果不能实现这些目标,那将是悲剧性的。




02

挑战、危机和冲突

古特雷斯强调,这次未来峰会之所以“如此关键”,是因为“国际挑战的演变速度超过了我们解决这些挑战的能力”。


他指出,这些挑战包括失控的地缘政治分裂和失控的冲突——尤其是在乌克兰、加沙、苏丹和其他地区,此外还有“失控的”气候变化、不平等和债务,以及缺乏指导或防护措施的人工智能和其他技术的发展。


古特雷斯表示,“各种危机相互影响、互为因果。例如,数字技术传播的气候虚假信息加深了不信任,助长了分化。”


© 联合国视频



03

改革多边机构

古特雷斯秘书长在记者会上表示,“在过去的时代为过去的世界而诞生”的多边机构根本无法跟上时代的步伐。


他指出,当今世界面临的许多挑战在80年前这些机构创建时并不存在。


他说:“我们的创始人明白,时代会改变。他们明白,支撑我们全球机构的价值观是永恒的,但机构本身不能被时间冻结。”

















© 联合国图片/Mark Garten|古特雷斯秘书长记者会现场



04

瞬息万变的世界

古特雷斯说,当时的和平建设者们无法预测过去八十年间发生的变化。这些变化包括独立运动、许多发展中国家的经济和地缘政治崛起、灾难性的气候后果、太空探索以及由人工智能推动的互联网、智能手机和社交媒体的发展。


他说:“就像我们的创始人一样,我们无法准确知道未来会发生什么。”


古特雷斯秘书长指出,“但我们不需要(占卜用的)水晶球也能看到,21世纪的挑战需要更有效、更网络化和更具包容性的问题解决机制;全球机构中严重的权力失衡必须得到调整和更新;我们的机构必须借鉴全人类的专业知识和代表性。”


他说,尽管变革不会一蹴而就,但“变革可以从今天开始”。




05

准备就绪

未来峰会将通过政府间谈判达成一项以行动为导向的《未来契约》,其中包括以下章节:可持续发展与发展筹资、国际和平与安全、科技创新与数字合作、青年与子孙后代以及全球治理变革;并附有《全球数字契约》和《子孙后代问题宣言》‍‍。


古特雷斯表示,希望各国代表尽一切可能让这些文件准备就绪。他说:“我们不能用为祖父母建立的系统来创造一个适合子孙后代的未来”。他强调说,这次峰会“不能失败”。


130多位国家元首和政府首脑将出席9月22日至23日举行的未来峰会,然后参加旨在阐述国家政策、国际事务立场并讨论全球性议题的年度联大一般性辩论。


第79届联大一般性辩论将于9月24日星期二持续至9月28日星期六,并于9月30日星期一结束。今年一般性辩论的主题为:不让任何一个人掉队:携手同行,共促和平、可持续发展与人类尊严,造福今世后代。




点击展开

古特雷斯秘书长记者会讲话(英文)

Good morning.


We are just days away from The Summit of The Future and the opening of the General Debate.


Discussions on the outcome of the Summit are in the final stretch.


I will not go into the details, but I have one overriding message today: an appeal to Member States for a spirit of compromise.


Show the world what we can do, when we work together.


Why is this so critical?


The Summit of The Future was born out of a cold, hard fact: international challenges are moving faster than our ability to solve them.


We see out-of-control geo-political divisions and runaway conflicts – not least in Ukraine, Gaza, Sudan and beyond.


Runaway climate change. Runaway inequalities and debt. Runaway development of new technologies like Artificial Intelligence – without guidance or guardrails.


And our institutions simply can’t keep up.


Crises are interacting and feeding off each other – for example, as digital technologies spread climate disinformation that deepens distrust and fuels polarization.


Global institutions and frameworks are today totally inadequate to deal with these complex and even existential challenges.


And it’s no great surprise. Those institutions were born in a bygone era for a bygone world.


So many of the challenges that we face today were not on the radar 80 years ago when our multilateral institutions were born.


Our founders understood that times would change.


They understood that the values that underpin our global institutions are timeless – but the institutions themselves cannot be frozen in time.


The architecture of global problem-solving was never meant to be preserved in amber.


The peacebuilders of the 1940s could not have predicted the changes that have swept over humanity over the past eight decades:


The independence movements and breathtaking economic and geopolitical rise of many developing countries.


The catastrophic consequences of climate change.


Space exploration in all its dimensions.


The internet, smartphones and social media – all boosted by Artificial Intelligence.


Like our founders, we cannot know precisely what the future holds.


But we don’t need a crystal ball to see that 21st century challenges require problem-solving mechanisms that are more effective, networked and inclusive;


That serious power imbalances in global institutions must be adjusted and updated;


And that our institutions must draw on the expertise and representation of all of humanity.


Change will not happen overnight. But it can start today.


And when we look at the work that was already done in preparation for The Summit of The Future, we see potential breakthroughs on a number of important fronts.


The strongest language on Security Council reform in a generation – and the most concrete step towards Council enlargement since 1963.


The first set of governance measures for new technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, in all their applications -- with the UN at its centre.


A major advance in reform of the International Financial Architecture with the most significant language yet strengthening the role of developing countries.


A step change in financing the Sustainable Development Goals and a commitment to advance our SDG Stimulus, multiplying the resources available to developing countries.


The list goes on.


It would be tragic if all of this would be lost.


I hope Member States will do everything possible to get the Pact for the Future, the Global Digital Compact and the Declaration on Future Generations over the finish line.


We can’t create a future fit for our grandchildren with systems built for our grandparents.


The Summit of The Future is an essential first step towards making global institutions more legitimate, effective, and fit for the world of today and tomorrow.


It cannot fail.


I urge Member States to seize this opportunity.


Thank you.




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实习编辑:郭佳芯 刘芳

资料来源:联合国新闻


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