Fill in the blanks in the following passage with the words given below. Use each word once only, and change the word form where necessary.
assess caution diktat operate oppose
After the European Commission announced that it would impose high tariffs on Chinese new energy vehicles, German automakers such as BMW, Volkswagen and Mercedes-Benz expressed their __1___. “We don't think that our industry needs protection,” BMW CEO Oliver Zipse was reported by the German public broadcaster Deutsche Welle as saying in a meeting with analysts after the tariffs were proposed. Zipse said that ___2___ on a global basis gives major automakers an industrial advantage, __3___ that “You can easily endanger that advantage by introducing import tariffs.” The market share of Chinese manufacturers in Germany and Europe is less than 1 percent and more than half of the Chinese-made car sales in Europe are from non-Chinese companies, he pointed out. The German auto companies believe they should make their own __4___ of the situation and make the decision on their own, rather than simply heeding the __5___ of the politicians in Washington.
三、其他表示股票的词语
在阅读英文报章时,我们会遇到很多关于股票的词语:
(一)蓝筹股(blue chip)
蓝筹股又称绩优股。chip n. 是对股票的一种非正式的称呼。blue chip更是个非正式的说法。“蓝筹”的概念源于西方的赌场,筹码分为三种颜色,其中蓝色价值最高,红色次之,白色最低。引入股票市场之后,人们将那些业绩优良、“股利”丰厚的大公司股票称为blue chip。蓝筹股并不是一成不变的,随着行业及公司经营状况、地位的变化而发生变化。据《福布斯》(Forbes)杂志的一项调查,1917年100家最大公司中,目前只有43家在blue chip之列,而当年“最蓝”(bluest)、行业最兴旺的“铁路股”(railway stocks)如今已完全失去了入选的资格和实力,取而代之的是一些“科技股”(tech stocks)。
(二)红筹股(red chip)
红筹股这一概念诞生于20世纪90年代初的香港股市。中国在国际上有“红色中国”之称,相应的香港和国际投资者把在中国境外注册、香港上市的那些带有中国内地概念(即China play)的股票称为“红筹股”。关于“中国概念”的看法不一而足,有的认为“利润”的大部分来自中国内地;有的认为“股东权益”大部分直接来自中国内地,即为中资控股;有的则直接将其等同为中资企业。
(三)概念股(play)
概念、概念股、……股,又称题材。它常常是指一类股票,并且是那种较热的炒作或投资对象。如中国入世前后,一些与入世关系较为密切的行业(港口、纺织业等)就形成“入世概念(题材)”,而中国申奥成功也使令一些与举办奥运有关的行业形成“奥运概念(题材)”。另外,play还具有类似“企业、公司”(enterprise,venture,concern)这样的意义。
(四)其他词语
另外,在英美报章中holdings,stake,interests也常用来表示股权、持有的股份、持股的意思。但它们是一种更为松散的意义,接近于“利益”。在stakeholder(利益相关方)一词中stake的意义就更广了,不但包括shareholder而且包括政府机构、工会、雇员、客户、供应商、“公共利益组织”(public-interest group)等一切“利益相关方”。
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