JES | 利用PMF结合在线全样和单颗粒分析数据对PM2.5进行源解析：烟花和生物质燃烧的贡献

Source apportionment of PM_2.5 using PMF combined online bulk and single-particle measurements: Contribution of fireworks and biomass burning

Yanjing Zhang, Wenshuai Li, Lei Li, Mei Li, Zhen Zhou, Jianzhen Yu, Yang Zhou^*

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2022.12.019

摘要

烟花爆竹燃放（FW）会在短期内造成空气质量的迅速恶化。由于FW产生的大气污染物示踪剂与生物质燃烧（BB）相似，快速且准确地鉴定FW和BB的来源仍具有挑战性。本研究结合在线全样分析和单颗粒分析数据，利用正矩阵因子分解方法（PMF）探究了香港春节期间FW和BB对PM_2.5和气溶胶化学组分的贡献。结果显示，除二次气溶胶、车辆+道路灰尘和海盐等常规来源外，改进后的源解析方法还可以将新鲜和老化的BB与新鲜和老化的FW进行区分。具体而言，新鲜FW排放的¹¹³K₂Cl⁺老化后会形成丰富的¹⁴⁰K₂NO₃⁺和²¹³K₃SO₄⁺特征峰，有助于区分不同老化来源。研究分析了受珠江三角洲地区传输影响的三次典型高污染事件，在农历新年事件中，新鲜BB和FW对PM_2.5的贡献率分别为39.2%和19.6%。而在后两次事件中，由于老化过程的影响，老化的FW和BB的贡献显著增加，期间二次气溶胶贡献较高。具体而言，新鲜BB和FW对硝酸盐贡献分别为35.1%和15.0%，显著高于其对硫酸盐（分别为25.1%和5.9%）和有机碳（OC）（分别为14.8%和11.1%）的贡献，而老化FW对硫酸盐的贡献更大（13.4%）。总体而言，本研究表明将在线全样数据和单颗粒测量数据结合进行分析，可以更好地利用两种测量手段的优点，为PMF源解析技术的应用提供了新的视角。

亮点

利用正矩阵因子分解源解析方法(PMF)，结合在线全样数据和单颗粒数据，可以将成分相似的烟花爆竹燃烧和生物质燃烧污染源进行有效区分，并评估其对特定污染事件的具体贡献；改进后的精细化源解析方法能够进一步区分不同老化程度的污染源，从而为健康评估提供更精准的数据支撑和技术支持。

Abstract

Fireworks (FW) could significantly worsen air quality in short term during celebrations. Due to similar tracers with biomass burning (BB), the fast and precise qualification of FW and BB is still challenging. In this study, online bulk and single-particle measurements were combined to investigate the contributions of FW and BB to the overall mass concentrations of PM_2.5 and specific chemical species by positive matrix factorization (PMF) during the Chinese New Year in Hong Kong in February 2013. With combined information, fresh/aged FW (abundant ¹⁴⁰K₂NO₃⁺ and ²¹³K₃SO₄⁺ formed from ¹¹³K₂Cl⁺ discharged by fresh FW) can be extracted from the fresh/aged BB sources, in addition to the Second Aerosol, Vehicles + Road Dust, and Sea Salt factors. The contributions of FW and BB were investigated during three high particle matter episodes influenced by the pollution transported from the Pearl River Delta region. The fresh BB/FW contributed 39.2% and 19.6% to PM_2.5 during the Lunar Chinese New Year case. However, the contributions of aged FW/BB enhanced in the last two episodes due to the aging process, evidenced by high contributions from secondary aerosols. Generally, the fresh BB/FW showed more significant contributions to nitrate (35.1% and 15.0%, respectively) compared with sulfate (25.1% and 5.9%, respectively) and OC (14.8% and 11.1%, respectively) on average. In comparison, the aged FW contributed more to sulfate (13.4%). Overall, combining online bulk and single-particle measurement data can combine both instruments’ advantages and provide a new perspective for applying source apportionment of aerosols using PMF.

作者简介

第一作者

张艳靖博士于2023年在中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院获得博士学位，主要从事气溶胶理化特性及其相互作用的研究，在Environ. Sci. Technol., J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., J. Environ. Sci. 等国际刊发表文章10余篇。

通讯作者

周杨博士于2012年在山东大学获得博士学位，主要研究方向为海陆气溶胶相互作用，气溶胶单颗粒特性及其气候效应。现任中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院教授。曾在美国北卡罗莱纳大学教堂山分校和香港科技大学进行联合培养及博士后研究。目前主持国家自然科学基金3项和省部级基金4项，参与重点研发计划1项，已发表SCI论文60余篇。通讯邮箱：yangzhou@ouc.edu.cn

原文链接

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074222006313

引用格式

Yanjing Zhang, Wenshuai Li, Lei Li, Mei Li, Zhen Zhou, Jianzhen Yu, Yang Zhou, 2024. Source apportionment of PM_2.5 using PMF combined online bulk and single-particle measurements: Contribution of fireworks and biomass burning. J. Environ. Sci. 136, 325-336.