计鹏新能源讯：3 小时前，国家能源局正式公布消息，国际可再生能源机构总干事 Francesco La Camera 发表相关言论，明确指出 “中国在全球能源转型中贡献突出”。这一表态不仅彰显了中国在能源领域的积极作为与卓越成就，也为全球能源转型进程中的国际合作与经验交流注入强大动力，有望进一步推动全球能源格局的深度变革与优化发展。Francesco La Camerak：中国在交通领域（的绿色转型）取得了令人难以置信的进展，如果你走在街上，你会看到很多绿色车牌，这意味着有许多电动汽车、充电网络覆盖全国，充电技术的发展，也使得充电时间大大缩短，中国在水电、储能和氢能发展方面也展现出兴趣，在所有这些领域，这个国家都在快速进步，这可能也会成为其他希望加快步伐的国家的灵感来源。
刘玉坤：您如何评价中国可再生能源的发展？
Francesco La Camerak：中国在引领全球可再生能源的有效运用，在过去几年里，中国提供了能够帮助能源转型的产品，如太阳能电池板、风机叶片，在合格的价格内，同时国内也进行了大量投资从而支持了新能源的发展，全球太阳能发电装机容量的40%都在中国，全球可再生能源领域的大部分工作岗位（机会）也在中国，所以中国是在能源转型方面处于领先地位的国家，这只是数字，这不是一种观点，这是事实。
刘玉坤：您如何评价中国能源转型进程？中国在推动全球能源转型中扮演着什么角色？
Francesco La Camerak：中国不仅将履行其可再生能源发展方面的承诺，而且会更快地实现这一承诺。就在今年，中国可再生能源发电装机容量已达到1.2万太瓦，比原计划提前了六年，我相信中国将会提前实现其在2060年的碳中和目标，所以，我认为中国的能源转型进展是很好的；像其他国家一样，中国也面临困难，当你将如此多的可再生能源容量纳入电网系统时，我们需要一个互联，灵活、平稳的电网，才能高效地支撑整个电力系统，这种困难在全世界都存在，所以，并不是唯一的。因此，你必须调整或提前更新你的电网，以确保所有的可再生能源电力，真正被消费都使用。
刘玉坤：全球是否会如期实现2030年将可再生能源装机容易增加三倍的目标？其中主要的机遇和挑战是什么？
Francesco La Camerak：我们确实需要迅速改变，这种绿色能源转型的速度和规模，如果想要实现《巴黎协定》的目标的话，中国以合理的价格，向世界提供太阳能电池板，风机叶片和储能设备，同时也在国内努力推广。中国正在推动全球能源转型，其他国家也要大力加快相关投资。
刘玉坤：世界各国应该如何合作实现这一目标？
Francesco La Camerak：促进信息交流，使全球市场发挥作用，降低可再生能源相关商品的关税。几周前，我与世界贸易组织官员会面，贸易关税（对可再生能源商品）的现状难以被接受，即贸易关税对于化石燃料及相关商品更为有利，而对于可再生能源商品则不是这样，这种现状确实难以被接受。这些事情，就必须改变，如果一个国家希望，在朝着共同目标更紧密合作方面取得进展的话，因为应对气候变化，不仅仅是一个国家的斗争，而是全世界，对抗这一威胁的斗争。
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Technicians install solar photovoltaic panels at a power station in Zigui county, Hubei province, in November. ZHENG JIAYU/FOR CHINA DAILY11 月，技术人员在湖北省秭归县的一座发电站安装太阳能光伏板。（摄影：郑家裕 / 供《中国日报》）
Accelerated global action is urgently needed to reach climate goals and cooperation is essential to advance collective efforts, as the world is currently off track in achieving the goal of tripling the installed capacity of renewable energy by 2030, set at the 2023 COP28 climate conference, said Francesco La Camera, director-general of the International Renewable Energy Agency.
Tripling renewables is essential to cut emissions and keep the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 C within reach, La Camera said in a recent interview with China Daily.Against this backdrop, the global capacity of renewable energy needs to surpass 11,174 gigawatts by 2030, with an average annual increase of 1,044 GW from 2024 to 2030, IRENA's analysis showed.This includes 360 GW of wind power and 578 GW of solar power each year, it said.Last year, the global addition of renewable power capacity was 473 GW."This puts us not on track. We really have to change rapidly the speed and the scale of this transformation, if you want to stay, again, on a pathway that's going to achieve (the Paris Agreement target)," he said.La Camera reaffirmed that global cooperation is paramount in achieving shared climate goals. He said initiatives to promote information exchange, facilitate market functionality, and reduce tariffs on renewable energy-related goods are essential for fostering collaboration among nations.Yet, global cooperation in the energy transition sector is facing great challenges, with trade tariffs being an issue."It's really difficult to accept this deal that the trade tariffs are more favorable for fossil fuels and related goods, and really not like that for renewable goods. These are really not acceptable. These kinds of things have to change if a country wants to collaborate more closely on going toward the common goal, because climate change is not the fight of one country, but is the fight of the world against this menace for the world itself," La Camera said.Meanwhile, trade conflicts between countries are also accelerating. In May, the US government decided to impose additional tariffs on imports of Chinese products like electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells on top of existing tariffs. Specifically, the import tax on Chinese solar cells will rise from 25 percent to 50 percent.Wang Bohua, honorary chairman of the China Photovoltaic Industry Association, said at a forum that in the first half, major global photovoltaic markets such as the United States, Europe, India and Brazil rolled out policies that increased barriers to PV product imports and launched measures to protect local production, posing challenges to global cooperation.In October, the European Commission, the EU's executive arm, announced the conclusion of its anti-subsidy investigation, resulting in the imposition of definitive countervailing duties on Chinese-made electric vehicles. Later, the Ministry of Commerce said China had appealed to the World Trade Organization against EU's final ruling."China is providing the world the panel, the blade, storage facilities at a reasonable price … the country is pushing the global energy transition," said La Camera.Over the past decade, average power costs per kilowatt-hour of wind and solar power projects in China have fallen by over 60 percent and 80 percent, respectively, Zhang Jianhua, head of the National Energy Administration, said at a recent conference.Such a cost reduction is meaningful in providing affordable solar panels and wind turbines to regions in need.A report from the International Energy Agency showed that electricity consumption in emerging and developing economies is set to grow around three times the rate of advanced economies, and the low costs of wind and solar power, in particular, should make them the technologies of choice to meet rising demand if the infrastructure and regulatory frameworks are in place.China has to date contributed over 80 percent of photovoltaic modules and 70 percent of wind power equipment. Its products have been exported to over 200 countries and regions, Zhang of NEA said.La Camera said China plays an indispensable role in ensuring the realization of global climate goals as it is spearheading the global transition toward sustainable practices.Technicians test photovoltaic modules in Zhangye, Gansu province, in October. WANG JIANG/FOR CHINA DAILY
10 月，技术人员在甘肃省张掖市测试光伏组件。（摄影：王将 / 供《中国日报》）"IRENA places great importance on its cooperation with China and hopes that by further leveraging the role of China-IRENA cooperation office as a bridge and hub, both sides can reap more practical outcomes in areas such as policy dialogue, technical discussions and capacity building.""China is currently at the forefront of renewable energy deployment worldwide … It is noteworthy that approximately 40 percent of global solar capacity is located in China. Moreover, a significant portion of renewable energy jobs can be found within the country," La Camera said.As of end-September, installed capacity of renewable energy power generating units in China reached 1.73 billion kW, a year-on-year increase of 25 percent, accounting for approximately 54.7 percent of the total installed capacity in China, latest data from the NEA showed.This includes hydropower installations of 430 million kW, wind power installations of 480 million kW, solar power installations of 770 million kW, and biomass power installations of 46 million kW.Meanwhile, renewable energy consumption has been steadily increasing. In the first three quarters, power generated from renewable energy sources reached 2.51 trillion kilowatt-hours, a 20.9 percent year-on-year increase, representing about 35.5 percent of total electricity.Combined electricity generated from wind and solar power reached 1.349 trillion kWh, a 26.3 percent increase year-on-year, nearly matching the electricity consumption of the tertiary sector (1.395 trillion kWh) during the same period and surpassing electricity consumption for urban and rural residents (1.172 trillion kWh).China is also stepping up efforts to promote the development of electric vehicles and charging infrastructure, and actively participating in global trade despite ongoing conflicts, La Camera said."We see that there is an incredible progress in transport — the electric vehicles, if you go into the street, you see so many green plates, which means that there are many electric vehicles … China's technology advancement also allows for battery recharging in a very short time.""We have seen that there is interest in hydropower, in power storage, and in hydrogen (in China). So these are all areas where the country is progressing fast. Furthermore, the country's commitment to achieving 1.2 terawatts of renewable capacity six years ahead of schedule exemplifies its dedication to environmental stewardship, providing reference to other countries that need to accelerate its renewable deployment," he said."China may achieve carbon neutrality well in advance of the target year of 2060," he added.The rapid expansion of renewable energy sources has driven the need for energy storage facilities, as such intermittent energy sources cannot be managed and dispatched like traditional fossil fuels. According to the NEA, innovative energy storage systems, distinct from traditional methods like pumped storage hydropower, have served as vital "super power banks" for renewable energy, significantly bolstering power supply during peak demand.By the end of September, China had 58.52 million kW of operational innovative energy storage facilities, marking an 86 percent increase from the end of 2023. Particularly in East China, there has been notable growth in these installations, with over 9 million kW added this year. Between January and August, the total charge and discharge capacity of innovative energy storage systems nationwide reached around 26 billion kWh."The country may still face challenges, as in all other countries. When putting so much renewable energy capacity into the system, we need a grid system that is interconnected, flexible, moving from one direction to another, and balancing," La Camera said.An upgrade of the grid system is necessary to efficiently transmit and balance electron flow generated from intermittent renewable sources, he added.To tackle these challenges, China is accelerating investments in ultrahigh-voltage direct current transmission projects, with related grid construction making solid progress. At the same time, China has introduced a new type of power system, with the primary goal of maximizing the integration of new energy sources, utilizing smart grid, and encouraging electricity generator-grid-power load-power storage integration."Building a diversified, clean and stable energy supply system is an important path for developing countries to enhance their energy security capabilities," Zhang of the NEA said. "We are willing to work with other countries around the world to develop more ambitious green energy development plans based on each country's endowments and development needs."（LIU YUKUN）
