《大西洋宪章》和《新大西洋宪章》

文摘   2023-11-29 08:26   上海  

           《大西洋宪章》宪章正文


THE ATLANTIC CHARTER [2] 

大西洋宪章的最后版本


第一部分

大西洋宪章的最后版本

美利坚合众国总统和代表联合王国的首相丘吉尔,经过会商,觉得把他们两个国家政策上若干共同原则(对更好的未来世界的希望即以此为基础)在此时向世界宣布,是合适的。

The president of the United States of America and the Prime Minister,Mr.Churchill,representingHis Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom,being met together,deem it right to make known certaincommon principles in the national policies of their respective countries on which they base their hopes for a better future for the world.

第一,他们两个国家不寻求任何领土的或其它方面的扩张;First,their countries seek no aggrandizement,territorial or other;

第二,他们不希望看见发生任何与有关人民自由表达的意志不相符合的领土变更;Second,they desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned;

第三,他们尊重所有民族选择他们愿意生活于其下的政府形式之权利;他们希望看到曾经被武力剥夺其主权及自治权的民族,重新获得主权与自治;

Third,they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live;and they wish to see sovereign rights and self government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them;

第四,他们要在尊重他们现有的义务下,努力促使所有国家,不分大小,战胜者或战败者,都有机会在同等条件下,为了实现它们经济的繁荣,参加世界贸易和获得世界的原料;

Fourth,they will endeavor,with due respect for their existing obligations,to further the enjoyment by all States,great or small,victor or vanquished,of access,on equal terms,to the trade and to the raw materials of the world which are needed for their economic prosperity;


第二部分

第五,他们希望促成所有国家在经济领域内最充分的合作,以促进所有国家的劳动水平、经济进步和社会保障;

Fifth,they desire to bring about the fullest collaboration between all nations in the economic field with the object of securing,for all,improved labor standards,economic advancement and social security;

第六,在纳粹暴政被最後消灭之後,他们希望建立和平,使所有国家能够在它们境内安然自存,并保障所有地方的所有人在免于恐惧和不虞匮乏的自由中,安度他们的一生;

英国首相丘吉尔(右)和美国总统罗斯福

Sixth,after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny,they hope to see established apeace which will afford to all nations the means of dwelling in safety within their own boundaries,and which will afford assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want;

第七,这样的和平将使所有人能够在公海上不受阻碍地自由地航行;

Seventh,such a peace should enable all men to traverse the high seas and oceans without hindrance;

第八,他们相信,世界上所有国家,为了现实的和精神上的理由,必须放弃使用武力。如果那些在国境外从事或可能以侵略相威胁的国家继续使用陆海空武器装备,则未来的和平将无法维持;所以他们相信,在一个更普遍和更持久的全面安全体系建立之前,解除这些国家的武装是必要的。同样,他们会协助和鼓励一切其它可行的措施,来减轻爱好和平的人民在军备上的沉重负担。

Eighth,they believe that all of the nations of the world,for realistic as well as spiritual reasons must come to the abandonment of the use of force. Since no future peace can be maintained if land,sea or air armaments continue to be employed by nation which threaten,or may threaten,aggression outside of their frontiers,they believe,pending the establishment of a wider and permanent system of general security,that the disarmament of such nations is essential. They will likewise aid and encourage all other practicable measures,which will lighten for peace-loving peoples the crushing burden of armaments.

富兰克林·罗斯福

FRANKIN D. ROOSEVELT

温斯顿·丘吉尔

WINSTON S. CHURCHILL

1941-08-14

AUGUST 14,1941 [3]



The New Atlantic Charter

新大西洋宪章


JUNE 10, 2021•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES

2021年6月10日·声明发布


Today, the President of the United States and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom reaffirm their commitment to work together to realise our vision for a more peaceful and prosperous future.


今天,美国总统和联合王国首相,重申他们的承诺,致力于共同努力实现我们对更加和平和繁荣的未来的愿景。


Our revitalised Atlantic Charter, building on the commitments and aspirations set out eighty years ago, affirms our ongoing commitment to sustaining our enduring values and defending them against new and old challenges. We commit to working closely with all partners who share our democratic values and to countering the efforts of those who seek to undermine our alliances and institutions.


我们重振的《大西洋宪章》,是建立在八十年前提出的承诺和愿望的基础上,确认了我们对维护我们经久不衰的价值观,并捍卫它们免受新老挑战的持续承诺。我们承诺与分享我们民主价值观的所有合作伙伴密切合作,并反击那些试图破坏我们联盟和机构的人的努力。


First, we resolve to defend the principles, values, and institutions of democracy and open societies, which drive our own national strength and our alliances. We must ensure that democracies – starting with our own – can deliver on solving the critical challenges of our time. We will champion transparency, uphold the rule of law, and support civil society and independent media. We will also confront injustice and inequality and defend the inherent dignity and human rights of all individuals. 


首先,我们决心捍卫民主和开放社会的原则、价值观和制度,这些原则、价值观和制度驱动着我们自己的国家力量和我们的联盟。我们必须确保民主国家——从我们自己的国家开始——能够解决我们这个时代的关键挑战。我们将倡导透明度,维护法治,并支持民间社会和独立媒体。我们还将对抗不公正和不平等,捍卫所有人的固有尊严和人权。


Second, we intend to strengthen the institutions, laws, and norms that sustain international co-operation to adapt them to meet the new challenges of the 21st century, and guard against those that would undermine them. We will work through the rules-based international order to tackle global challenges together; embrace the promise and manage the peril of emerging technologies; promote economic advancement and the dignity of work; and enable open and fair trade between nations. 


其次,我们要加强支持国际合作的制度,法律和规范,使之以适应和满足21世纪的新挑战,谨防那些破坏者。我们将通过以规则为基础的国际秩序,共同应对全球挑战;接受承诺并管理新兴技术的危害;促进经济进步和工作尊严;并在国家之间实现开放和公平的贸易。 


Third, we remain united behind the principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the peaceful resolution of disputes. We oppose interference through disinformation or other malign influences, including in elections, and reaffirm our commitment to debt transparency, sustainability and sound governance of debt relief. So too will we defend key principles such as freedom of navigation and overflight and other internationally lawful uses of the seas.


第三,我们坚持主权、领土完整、和平解决争端的原则。我们反对通过虚假信息或其他恶意影响进行干预,包括在选举中进行干预,并重申我们对债务透明度、可持续性和债务减免的健全治理的承诺。我们也将捍卫诸如航行和飞越自由以及其他国际合法使用海洋等关键原则。


Fourth, we resolve to harness and protect our innovative edge in science and technology to support our shared security and deliver jobs at home; to open new markets; to promote the development and deployment of new standards and technologies to support democratic values; to continue to invest in research into the biggest challenges facing the world; and to foster sustainable global development.


第四,我们决心利用和保护我们在科技方面的创新优势,以支持我们的共同安全并在国内提供工作;开拓新市场;促进新标准和技术的开发和部署,以支持民主价值观;继续投资研究世界面临的最大挑战;并促进可持续的全球发展。


Fifth, we affirm our shared responsibility for maintaining our collective security and international stability and resilience against the full spectrum of modern threats, including cyber threats. We have declared our nuclear deterrents to the defence of NATO and as long as there are nuclear weapons, NATO will remain a nuclear alliance. Our NATO Allies and partners will always be able to count on us, even as they continue to strengthen their own national forces. We pledge to promote the framework of responsible State behaviour in cyberspace, arms control, disarmament, and proliferation prevention measures to reduce the risks of international conflict. We remain committed to countering terrorists who threaten our citizens and interests.


第五,我们申明维护集体安全和国际稳定以及应对包括网络威胁在内的各种现代威胁的共同责任。我们已经宣布我们的核威慑力量是为了保卫北约,只要还存在核武器,北约就将继续是一个核联盟。我们的北约盟国和伙伴将永远能够依靠我们,即便他们继续加强自己的国家力量。我们承诺在网络空间、军备控制、裁军和防扩散措施方面促进负责任的国家行为框架,以减少国际冲突的风险。我们仍然致力于打击威胁我们公民和利益的恐怖分子。


Sixth, we commit to continue building an inclusive, fair, climate-friendly, sustainable, rules-based global economy for the 21st century. We will strengthen financial stability and transparency, fight corruption and illicit finance, and innovate and compete through high labour and environmental standards.


第六,我们承诺继续建立一个包容的,公平的,环境友好的,可持续的,以规则为基础的21世纪全球经济 。我们将加强金融稳定性和透明度,打击腐败和非法融资,并通过高劳工和环境标准进行创新和竞争。


Seventh, the world has reached a critical point where it must act urgently and ambitiously to tackle the climate crisis, protect biodiversity, and sustain nature. Our countries will prioritise these issues in all our international action.


第七,世界已经到了必须紧急采取雄心勃勃的行动来应对气候危机、保护生物多样性和维持自然的临界点。我们各国将在我们所有的国际行动中优先考虑这些问题。


Eighth, we recognise the catastrophic impact of health crises, and the global good in strengthening our collective defences against health threats. We commit to continuing to collaborate to strengthen health systems and advance our health protections, and to assist others to do the same.


第八,我们认识到健康危机的灾难性影响,以及加强我们对健康威胁的集体防御的全球利益。我们承诺继续合作以加强卫生系统并推进我们的健康保护,并帮助其他人也这样做。


Joseph R. Biden, Jr.

Boris Johnson, M.P.

June 10, 2021


拜登

约翰逊

2021年6月10日



心灵导游手册
修行,就是把本应在漫长文明发展中逐渐出现的问题浓缩到短暂岁月中,凡是自为地加速了生命进化过程的人,都可以称为修行者。