2024世界顶尖科学家协会奖（以下简称“顶科协奖”）颁奖典礼将于10月25日隆重举行。
两位新晋获奖者——2024顶科协奖“智能科学或数学奖”得主、康奈尔大学计算机科学教授Jon Kleinberg和2024顶科协奖“生命科学或医学奖”得主、约翰斯·霍普金斯大学医学院教授Jeremy Nathans——已经提前抵达上海。
自10月21日起，两位新晋顶科协奖得主将参与“WLA顶尖科学家校园行”——顶科协奖获奖者面对面、浦江科学大师讲坛和上海交通大学大师讲坛等系列学术活动，就计算机科学与社会科学交叉领域，以及分子生物学与遗传学、神经科学与眼科学领域的前沿及最新突破，向专业听众和科学爱好者发表演讲、深度交流。
Kleinberg教授是首次来到上海，Nathans教授则是首次来到中国，他们将以科学的方式打开上海，以为期一周的学术风暴为上海各大科研院校带来思想的激荡。
同时，2023顶科协奖“生命科学或医学奖”得主、剑桥MRC分子生物学实验室名誉课题组负责人Daniela Rhodes教授也将加入这场顶科协奖得主的学术交响，她将于10月24日赴WLA世界顶尖中学联盟首批成员浙江省镇海中学，在“WLA顶尖科学家校园行”活动中分享“My Journey in Science”主题演讲。
以下为顶科协奖得主们的学术活动预告详情。
时间：10月21日8:45-12:00
演讲嘉宾：
Jon KLEINBERG
演讲主题：
《算法如何看待世界？计算与高风险决策》
（How Do Algorithms See the World? Computing and High-Stakes Decision-Making）
演讲摘要：
Algorithms and data play central roles in large computing systems, and they have evolved over the past several decades in a kind of symbiosis with each other: modern algorithms are often trained on massive amounts of data, and in turn they power systems that produce further kinds of data. As these developments have progressed, algorithms have come to play crucial roles in decisions with important societal dimensions, in both online settings and in everyday life. We will survey some of the specific ways in which algorithms interact with data from the world, discussing how these processes differ from the ways in which humans interact with the world, and how these differences have implications for the use of algorithms in high-stakes decisions.
演讲嘉宾：
Jeremy NATHANS
演讲主题：
《色觉、X染色体失活（去活化）与女性优势》
（Color Vision, X-chromosome Inactivation, and the Female Advantage）
演讲摘要：
The genes that code for the light sensing receptors that mediate human color vision provide a fascinating window onto the evolution of visual systems across many species, as well as onto present-day variation in color vision ability within our own species. Studying these genes has also revealed unexpected regulatory mechanisms that allow for the rapid acquisition of a new dimension color vision in those species that have more limited forms of color vision. Additionally, the X-chromosome location of two of the visual receptor genes provides an opportunity for greater complexity within the visual system of females compared to males. The data suggest that sex differences of this type may extend to other parts of the brain.
时间：10月22日15:30-18:30
演讲嘉宾：
Jon KLEINBERG
演讲主题：
《算法如何看待世界？计算与高风险决策》（How Do Algorithms See the World? Computing and High-Stakes Decision-Making）
演讲摘要：（略）
华东师范大学专场
时间：10月22日9:00-12:00
演讲嘉宾：
Jon KLEINBERG
演讲主题：
Revisiting the Behavioral Foundations of Algorithms
演讲摘要：
Many of the most widely-used algorithms are fundamentally concerned with building models of human users from these users' observed behavior. Traditional approaches to this problem rely on an often unstated revealed-preference assumption: that choice reveals preference. Yet a long line of work in psychology and behavioral economics reveals the gaps that can open up between choice and preference, and experience with platform dynamics makes clear how these gaps can arise in some of the most basic online settings; for example, we might choose content to consume in the present and then later regret the time we spent on it. More generally, behavioral biases and inconsistent preferences make it highly challenging to appropriately interpret the user data that we observe. We discuss a set of models and algorithms that address this challenge through a process of "inversion", in which an algorithm must try inferring goals and preferences that are not directly measured in the data.
演讲嘉宾：
Jeremy NATHANS
演讲主题：
《色觉、X染色体失活（去活化）与女性优势》（Color Vision, X-chromosome Inactivation, and the Female Advantage）
演讲摘要：（略）
上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院专场
时间：10月22日17:00-18:00
演讲嘉宾：
Jeremy NATHANS
演讲主题：
Molecular Genetic Studies of Central Nervous System Vascular Development
演讲摘要：
During development, the central nervous system (CNS) vasculature grows to precisely meet the metabolic demands of neurons and glia. In addition, most of the CNS vasculature acquires a unique set of molecular and cellular properties – collectively referred to as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) – that minimize passive diffusion of molecules between the blood and the CNS parenchyma. An analogous system in the retina is referred to as the blood-retina barrier. Both processes are controlled by signals that originate in neurons and glia. A unifying feature of angiogenesis and BBB formation and maintenance throughout the CNS is their dependence on beta-catenin signaling (also called canonical Wnt signaling), with Wnt7a and Wnt7b serving as the dominant ligands in the brain and spinal cord, and Norrin serving as the dominant ligand in the retina. In contrast to CNS angiogenesis, development of the peripheral vasculature is largely independent of beta-catenin signaling. This lecture will describe some of the experiments that serve as the foundation for our current understanding of CNS vascular development and maintenance, and the connections between this work and human disease.
同济大学专场
时间：10月23日10:00-12:00
演讲嘉宾：
Jon KLEINBERG
演讲主题：
Revisiting the Behavioral Foundations of Algorithms
演讲摘要：（略）
演讲嘉宾：
Jeremy NATHANS
演讲主题：
《色觉、X染色体失活（去活化）与女性优势》
（Color Vision, X-chromosome Inactivation, and the Female Advantage）
演讲摘要：（略）
上海市上海中学专场
时间：10月23日15:45-17:30
演讲嘉宾：
Jon KLEINBERG
演讲主题：
Choices and Consequences in Computing
演讲摘要：
Computing requires difficult choices that can have serious implications for real people. As such, it is important to consider the ethical, societal, and policy implications of computing and information. This is an activity that requires bringing together many different areas of human study, from computing and mathematics to the social sciences, the humanities, and law. We focus on some of the central themes that arise in this type of analysis, based on three fundamental ways of thinking about the role of computing in society: computing systems as platforms for expression and communication; computing systems as repositories of sensitive data; and computing systems as makers of decisions.
This talk is based on joint work with Karen Levy.
演讲嘉宾：
Jeremy NATHANS
演讲主题：
Advice for Citizens of the 21st Century
演讲摘要：
This discussion with students and teachers will focus on strategies for success in science, in one’s professional life, and in life generally. We will also talk about how enlightened thinking can move the world in a positive direction.
浙江省镇海中学专场
时间：10月24日上午
演讲嘉宾：
Daniela Rhodes
演讲主题：
My Journey in Science
演讲摘要：（略）
