Nobel Prize in physics awarded to AI pioneers

The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics is announced in Stockholm, Sweden, Oct 8, 2024. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics went to two scientists, John J Hopfield and Geoffrey E Hinton, for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said on Tuesday. [Photo/Agencies]

The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to artificial intelligence pioneers John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, which picked the winners that were announced on Tuesday, said they were selected because of their "foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks".

The academy said the pair used tools from the world of physics to develop methods that established the foundation for powerful machine learning, which was crucial to the development of artificial intelligence.

Hopfield, they said, created an associative memory that was capable of storing and reconstructing images and patterns in data.

Hinton, the academy added, was honored for inventing a way to autonomously find properties in data.

Hinton, a British-Canadian professor at the University of Toronto in Canada, said after being unveiled as this year's winner: "I'm flabbergasted. I had no idea this would happen."

He also sounded a note of caution about AI, telling the academy as he accepted his award that he worries "that the overall consequences of this might be systems that are more intelligent than us that might eventually take control".

Hopfield is a professor at Princeton University in the United States.

The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics is announced in Stockholm, Sweden, Oct 8, 2024. The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics went to two scientists, John J Hopfield and Geoffrey E Hinton, for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said on Tuesday. [Photo/Xinhua]

A year ago, the Nobel Prize in physics was won by Pierre Agostini, from France, Franco-Swede Anne L'Huillier, and Hungarian-Austrian Ferenc Krausz, for their research into electrons inside atoms and molecules.

Tuesday's announcement of the winners of the 2024 Nobel Prize for physics followed Monday's unveiling of the winners of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.

Further announcements on Wednesday and Thursday will reveal the winners of the Nobel prizes in chemistry and literature, with the Nobel Peace Prize set to be announced Friday, and the Nobel Prize in economics slated for publication on Monday.

The Nobel prizes were established by Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite, who left a fortune when he died in 1896 that he said must be used as prize money, to reward excellence in various fields.

This year's Nobel Prize winners, who are known as laureates, will be presented with medals and a cash award of 11 million Swedish kronor ($1 million) at a ceremony on Dec 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

The prizes, which have been awarded since 1901, are only open to living experts and are aimed at what Nobel described as those who have "conferred the greatest benefit on humankind".

诺贝尔物理学奖授予人工智能先驱

2024年诺贝尔物理学奖授予了人工智能先驱John Hopfield和Geoffrey Hinton。

位于瑞典斯德哥尔摩的瑞典皇家科学院周二宣布了获奖者名单，该院表示，他们之所以被选中，是因为他们的“基础发现和发明使人工神经网络能够进行机器学习”。

该学院表示，两人利用物理学领域的工具开发了为强大的机器学习奠定基础的方法，这对人工智能的发展至关重要。

他们说，Hopfield创造了一种联想记忆，能够存储和重建数据中的图像和模式。

该学院补充说，Hinton因发明了一种在数据中自主查找属性的方法而受到表彰。

Hinton是加拿大多伦多大学的一位英裔加拿大教授，在被宣布为今年的冠军后说：“我惊呆了。我不知道会发生这样的事。”

他还对人工智能发出了警告，在接受奖项时告诉学院，他担心“这可能会导致比我们更智能的系统最终可能会控制局面”。

Hopfield是美国普林斯顿大学的教授。

一年前，诺贝尔物理学奖由法国的Pierre Agostini、法国瑞典人Anne L'Huillier和匈牙利奥地利人Ferenc Krauz获得，他们研究了原子和分子中的电子。

在星期一公布了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的获奖者之后，星期二宣布了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖的获得者。

周三和周四的进一步公告将公布诺贝尔化学和文学奖的获奖者，诺贝尔和平奖将于周五公布，诺贝尔经济学奖将于周一公布。

诺贝尔奖是由瑞典炸药发明者阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔设立的，他在1896年去世时留下了一笔财富，他说这笔财富必须用作奖金，以奖励各个领域的杰出成就。

今年的诺贝尔奖获得者，也被称为获奖者，将在12月10日诺贝尔逝世周年纪念日的仪式上获得奖牌和1100万瑞典克朗（100万美元）的现金奖励。

这些奖项自1901年以来一直颁发，只对在世的专家开放，旨在表彰诺贝尔所说的“为人类带来最大利益”的人。

【语法填空改编】

The 2024 Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to artificial intelligence pioneers John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton.The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, which picked the winners 1._________ were announced on Tuesday, said they were selected because of their "foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks".The academy said the pair used tools from the world of physics to develop methods that established the foundation for powerful machine learning, which was crucial 2._________ the development of artificial intelligence.

Hopfield, they said, created an associative memory that was capable of 3.________(store)and reconstructing images and patterns in data.Hinton, the academy added, was honored for inventing 4.________ way to autonomously find properties in data.Hinton, a British-Canadian professor at the University of Toronto in Canada, said after being unveiled as this year's winner: "I'm flabbergasted. I had no idea this would happen."He also sounded a note of caution about AI, telling the academy as he accepted his award that he worries "that the overall consequences of this might be systems that are 5.__________(intelligent) than us that might eventually take control".Hopfield is a professor at Princeton University in the United States.

A year ago, the Nobel Prize in physics was won by Pierre Agostini, from France, Franco-Swede Anne L'Huillier, and Hungarian-Austrian Ferenc Krausz, for 6._________(they) research into electrons inside atoms and molecules.Tuesday's announcement of the winners of the 2024 Nobel Prize for physics followed Monday's unveiling of the winners of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.Further 7.__________(announcement) on Wednesday and Thursday will reveal the winners of the Nobel prizes in chemistry and literature, with the Nobel Peace Prize set to be announced Friday, and the Nobel Prize in economics slated for publication on Monday.

The Nobel prizes were established by Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite, who left a fortune when he 8._________ in 1896 that he said must be used as prize money, to reward excellence in various fields.This year's Nobel Prize winners, who are known as laureates, 9.___________(present) with medals and a cash award of 11 million Swedish kronor ($1 million) at a ceremony on Dec 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.The prizes, which have been awarded since 1901, are only open to living experts and are aimed at 10._______ Nobel described as those who have "conferred the greatest benefit on humankind".

【参考答案】

1.who 2.to 3.storing 4.a 5.more intelligent 6.their 7.announcements 8.died9.will be presented 10.what

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