国际山地旅游联盟系列专访：尼泊尔旅游旅行协会主席 库马尔马尼·塔帕里亚

A：Association like IMTA, like NATA, I represent NATA from Nepal, like NTV can make people together. And they have one vision to make a sustainable and responsible tourism for the mountain people, for the mountain culture, to protect mountain culture, to the advocacy about the tourism and the difficulties in the mountain side, and to the efficacy of climate change. These are the major things the association can do.

像国际山地旅游联盟、尼泊尔电视台（待确认）以及我所代表的尼泊尔旅游旅行协会这样的行业组织能够将人们聚在一起。它们的发展愿景是为山区人民和山地文化打造可持续、负责任的旅游业，以保护山地文化，让人们了解山地旅游发展过程中的困难，并意识到气候变化的重要性。这些都是组织协会的主要工作。

It is a great pleasure to be here in Guizhou and Xingyi city. IMTA has a good management here for this conference. Last year, I also had participated this conference. And the second time, I'm really happy to be here. Association always has power to make people connect together. And it is always successful when people coming together and having connection between them. One thing is business to business connection. One thing is country to country connection. So this is a good idea, people coming together, having a discussion on some matters. 

我很开心来到贵州，来到兴义市，国际山地旅游联盟在会议筹办上做得非常出色。去年我也参加了大会，很高兴能再次回到这里。协会有着能把人们联系在一起的力量，当人与人走到一起，建立联结，事情就总能取得成功。这既包括企业和企业之间的商业往来，也包括国家和国家之间的经济政治往来。所以我认为，人们相聚相联，就特定议题共商共话，是一个很好的解决方案。

A：Mountain tourism has a great impact in the overall tourism. So what happened is in Nepal, we have a length of the estate of the tourist is like thirteen fourteen days now. This is because of the mountain tourism, people have to walk for the hike 2 days for one destination and two destinations. They have to experience more to community. Because when people go to around the Himalayas region, the mountain region, the 2 days explain themselves. So the local people get benefited from that kind of trip. So that is a great asset for the mountain tourism.   

山地旅游对旅游业整体有着显著的影响。在尼泊尔，游客出行的总体时长可以达到13至14天。这是因为在山地旅游过程中，人们要想前往一个或多个山地目的地进行徒步，就要在路上花费至少2天的时间。在这个过程中，游客们不得不和当地社区有更多的接触。比如说当人们前往喜马拉雅山脉区域进行旅游时，就必须在当地停留休整。山区本地的居民会从这种旅游形式中获益，这是山地旅游所带来的重要财富。

Also mountain tourism has make the cultural protection in the mountain region, because people now are conscious regarding their culture. They have to protect their culture. They have to maintain the environment friendly impacts, especially in the regions. They have to make the trail very safely, and the concerns of the difficulties, concerns after the climate change.

与此同时，山地旅游也促进了山地地区的文化保护，因为当地居民现在意识到自己必须要保护自己的文化。他们还必须维持区域内良好的自然环境，保证徒步线路的安全性，致力于解决山地旅游发展中遇到的困难，并且关注气候变化对山地旅游的影响。

So recently, we have faced one village that has been swept out by one of the flood, powered by the mountain region. That is new for us and we are so worried about that. So this is one thing, the government and the International Committee have to be careful about that because once there is no mountain, no snow in the mountains, the all ecosystem will be damaged. So we have to concern on these issues also.

最近，尼泊尔有一个山区村庄被洪水冲毁，我们对此非常担忧，因为类似的事件是首次出现。我认为政府和国际委员会必须对类似的由气候变化导致的事件提高警惕，一旦我们没有了山地，（由于全球变暖）失去了山地的积雪，那么整个生态系统都会遭到破坏。因此，我们必须关注相关议题。

And we have to do one thing: if there are too many people going to one mountain, we have to diversify, the traffic has to be managed to other mountain as well. Because one mountain is already saturated and other mountains also have people there, other people also will be benefited. So if there is a one particular mountain that has a huge traffic, we have to divert it to the other mountain as well.

另一件我们必须要做的事情是：如果有太多的游客去一座山旅游，就需要将客流分流到其他山地目的地，以实现多元化发展。当一座山已经因为过度旅游饱和时，其他山区的居民依然能够享受旅游业发展的红利。所以如果一个特定的山地目的地有过大的客流时，我们就需要将其引导至其他地区。

Also mountain is like the mountain culture and please culture. They are pity innocent people, like they don't know the business, don't know the other things. They only know to expect tourist, they expect the people and they have to treat them like family member in the Himalayas. So when you walk around, you feel like home everywhere you go. Either you go to Nepal or India or China, whatever if there is a mountain people. I feel that I'm from the mountain country. I feel like when I went to Guizhou here last year, I visited some places here. I feel like the same feeling, what I feel in Nepal.

同时，我也注意到山地文化和山地居民。当地人非常淳朴，也有些可怜：他们不懂得商业运作及其他事务，只是期待游客的到来以改善自己的生活。在喜马拉雅地区，当地人会像照顾家庭成员一样接待游客，所以游客无论去到哪里，都会有一种宾至如归的感受。不管你前往尼泊尔、印度或中国，只要你和山里的居民打交道，情况都是如此。作为一个来自山地国家的人，我去年曾到访贵州并拜访了这里的一些地方，也收获了和在尼泊尔一样的感受。

A：What happen is now people want to go to the nature based destination, like the Guizhou, like the kathmandu, like the Pokhara, and like the Annapurna region. There is less traffic and more nature based destination. That is a good example after this pandemic. Now, we are also recovering and the world is also recovering after 2019. We have to do one thing. If you have a good product, then we have to exchange to Nepal. Nepal has good stories of the mountain, because Nepal has an old history of the mountain tourism, the expedition we have, we have a number of mountains, we have 8,000 meters ever. The people I think the set pass, the trainer people is there, so we can exchange our training facilities. We can extend our idea on how to climb, how to do hiking, how to be responsible. We can share our ideas to the Guizhou province to the other countries.

现在游客们更偏好自然类的目的地，比如贵州、加德满都、博卡拉、安娜普纳地区等。这些区域人流量较少，更具天然魅力。这是疫情之后的一个突出的变化。在新冠疫情之后，无论是尼泊尔还是全世界的旅游业都还在恢复阶段。我们必须要做的一件事情是加强合作，如果有好的旅游产品，就积极进行互利共享。尼泊尔有许多优秀的山地故事可讲：山地旅游历史悠久、户外探险中外驰名、山地资源丰富众多、还有海拔超8000米的世界高峰。在这些山地目的地，尼泊尔都设立有服务徒步、登山游客的专业训练人员，我认为中尼之间也可以共享这些训练设施设备。我们可以登山、徒步、负责任旅游等问题上交换意见，互通思路，也可以把贵州的成功经验分享给其他国家。

And also Guizhou has the technology now. You have innovation now. So we have to take this innovation and technology from your side. So both way we can have one greater thinking for the development of the mountain tourism. The mountain tourism leads to the healthy lifestyle as well. If the people work like for 5 days, 10 days. So definitely they have a good health system in their body. So there is no issue of any illness. One story I have is about one foreign guy who often go to Annapurna Base camp. After going back to California, he feels like he is reloaded and he has higher productivity than before. That is a good story we have. So we can exchange our ideas, develop people to people relationship and company to company relationship if there is any, then we can make the better mountain and better future of the mountain tourism.

在山地旅游领域，贵州目前也发展了诸多创新科技，这是尼泊尔需要从中获取和学习的。通过这两种方式，我们可以共同从更广阔的层面思考山地旅游的发展之道。除此之外，山地旅游还会带来健康的生活方式。在山地旅游中，如果一个人一个月工作5-10天并常常运动，那他全身上下肯定都处于健康状态，也就不会存在疾病的困扰。我听到的一个故事是关于一个经常前往安纳普尔纳大本营徒步的美国人的。当回到加利福尼亚之后，他感觉自己重新充满了活力，工作效率也大幅提高。这是一个很典型的案例。综上所述，我们可以充分交流想法，尽可能发展人与人，企业与企业之间的联系，携手让山地更美好，让山地旅游的未来更美好。

A：What happened is recently NATA, the association of tour and travelers in Nepal. It established in 1966 and is a very old association. We are planning to have one exchange between two countries because Nepal and China are celebrating 70 years in 2025 of the diplomatic relationship. So we are trying to have one joint climbing and hiking between the two countries. Also the embassy of China to Nepal and representing Nepal government have planned 2025 as a Visit Nepal year for the Chinese people. So many things are happening. Associations, we have a good lesson with IMTA like other association around the world, like PATA and IATA, we have good relationship with them. This is the cooperation between two countries’association. It's already there. We also want to strengthen our relationship in days to come.

最近，尼泊尔旅游旅行协会，这个成立于1966年的古老协会，正计划在中国和尼泊尔之间加强交流合作，因为中尼两国将会在2025年迎来建交70周年。我们正努力在两国之间推进落地一个联合的登山和徒步活动，中国驻尼泊尔大使馆和尼泊尔政府代表之间也计划将2025年设立为尼泊尔旅游年，以迎接中国游客。在山地旅游行业，中尼两国间正发生着很多故事。就国际组织而言，我们和国际山地旅游联盟有着紧密的合作，也和亚太旅游协会、国际航空运输协会等维持着良好的关系。在两个国家的行业协会之间，合作正接续开展，我们也希望在未来进一步拓展我们的关系。