在SOC的研究中，空气电极的设计优化是研究热点。然对于电解质和燃料电极而言，相对成熟。常用的电解质包括YSZ，GDC，SDC等，成熟阳极有Ni金属陶瓷、LSCM等。对于电解质材料及结构的研究，目前相对较少。
本论文则通过将NaOH和YSZ电解质共压，利用NaOH的潮解，通过合理控制该过程，有效提升YSZ表面的粗糙度，两面的粗糙度分别提升至2.65和2.85μm。关于提升电解质表面微观结构，推荐大家阅读丁东教授关于质子导体的nature文章（Bian, W., Wu, W., Wang, B. et al. Revitalizing interface in protonic ceramic cells by acid etch. Nature 604, 479–485 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04457-y）。
制备工艺如图所示。
传统压制的YSZ电解质表面粗糙度较低，而结合NaOH潮解策略的YSZ电解质表面粗糙度明显提高。
可以看到表面粗糙度提升之后，性能明显提升。阻抗谱图的绘制要格外注意，兼顾美感的同时，要注意横纵坐标的对应。
同样用于CO2电解时，性能也得以提升。
Hong Chang, Hewei Xu, Xiang Ma, Jiachun Niu, Lijun Cheng, Hua Shang, Aifang Liu, Xueli Bai, Rui Yan, Cuicui Liu, Huili Chen, Chuan Dong,
Effectively regulate NaOH deliquescence rate to prepare yttria-stabilized zirconia self-supported electrolytes for solid oxide cell applications,
Materials Science and Engineering: B,
Volume 312,
2025,
117858,
ISSN 0921-5107,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117858.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921510724006871)
Abstract: The high working temperature poses significant challenges to the stability, safety of solid oxide cells (SOCs), and the dry pressing method used to prepare films for electrolyte-supported fuel cells yields smoother but thicker films, which can impair cell performance. Thus, the paper introduces an innovative dry pressing technique for creating a tri-layer structure consisting of NaOH/YSZ/NaOH. By carefully controlling the deliquescence rate of NaOH, the NaOH support layer can be removed efficiently and gently, resulting in a YSZ electrolyte film. The results from the 3D optical profiler show that the average roughness of the YSZ film increased to 2.65µm and 2.85 µm on each side. The power density and current density of the cell are 0.47 W∙cm−2 and 1.64 A∙cm−2 at 850 °C under H2 and pure CO2, respectively. These results indicate that the films produced by this novel method are thin, exhibiting favorable roughness and demonstrating high electrochemical performance.
Keywords: Solid oxide cells; Electrolyte; Thickness; Roughness; Electrochemical performance
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