双语字幕
Sialorrhea
流涎
To understand how sialorrhea occurs and its impact on a child, it's important to know about a few key structures near the mouth.
了解流涎的发生机制及其对患儿的影响前，我们必须掌握口腔内的几个关键结构。
Saliva is normally made in the mouth by three main pairs of salivary glands, the parotid glands, submandibular glands, and sublingual glands.
正常情况下，唾液由口腔内的 3 对大唾液腺产生，它们分别是腮腺、颌下腺和舌下腺。
Each gland has hollow tubes called ducts that open into the mouth. The saliva flows from the salivary glands through the ducts into the mouth.
每个腺体都有通向口腔的中空管道，或导管。唾液从唾液腺产生，通过导管流入口腔。
Anterior sialorrhea commonly called drooling, is a loss of saliva from the mouth when children are unable to swallow it or contain it with their lips.
流涎，又称流口水，是指小儿无法吞咽或用唇舌留住唾液，导致唾液从口腔流出的一种状况。
Drooling can
流涎会：
decrease the child's self-esteem,
降低孩子的自尊，
require frequent clothing changes, and
需要频繁更换衣服，以及
irritate the skin around the mouth.
刺激口腔周围的皮肤。
A new interventional radiology treatment for drooling called salivary gland ablation involves injecting medicine into the salivary glands on one side of the mouth to reduce saliva production.
流涎的一种新型介入放射疗法是唾液腺消融术，包括向口腔一侧的唾液腺注射药物，从而减少唾液产生。
First, a small tube is inserted into the parotid duct.
首先，医生将一根小管插入腮腺管。
Then, x-ray imaging is used to accurately inject alcohol through the tube into the parotid gland.
然后，使用 X 光成像，将酒精通过导管精准地注入腮腺。
Next, ultrasound imaging is used to guide placement of a small needle from under the chin, up into the submandibular and sublingual glands. Alcohol is then injected through the needle using ultrasound guidance.
接下来，利用超声成像，引导小针从颏下，向上进入颌下腺和舌下腺放置。然后，在超声引导下，将酒精通过针注入腺体。
In the weeks following the treatment, the glands get smaller. As a result, all three glands make less saliva, which reduces drooling.
在治疗后数周内，腺体变小。因此，所有三个腺体产生的唾液都将减少，从而减少流涎现象。
In some cases, the glands on the other side of the mouth may need to be treated in a separate procedure.
有些患者可能也需要对口腔另一侧的腺体进行单独的治疗。
相关单词学习
Sialorrhea
①发音和释义
si•a•lor•rhe•a/sɪrlɒ'rɪr/n. 流涎
Excessive flow of saliva.
单词 sialorrhea 由下列成分构成
sialo- 唾液，涎
+
-rrhea（后缀）流出
（图源：太帅图库）
Submandibular
sub•man•dib•u•lar/ˌsʌbmæn'dɪbjələ/adj. 下颌下的
Beneath the mandible or lower jaw.
单词 submandibular 由下列成分构成
sub-（前缀）在…...以下
+
mandibular 下颌的
Sublingual
sub•lin•gual/sʌb'lɪŋgwəl/adj. 舌下的，舌下腺的
Situated under the tongue, or on the underside of the tongue.
单词 sublingual 由下列成分构成
sub-（前缀）在…...以下
+
lingual 舌的
附：弓形虫感染路径
（图源：太帅图库）
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凡是自强不息者，最终都会成功。
