外刊阅读|西方emo焦虑,中国正成为全球科技规则的制定者

教育   教育   2024-10-20 08:00   湖北  
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🎓原文:China is writing the world’s technology rules|带音频
👀来源:经济雪仁20241012期
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💡Tips:沉浸式阅读,5分钟左右。

说到全球科技标准制定者,都会想到美国、德国等西方国家,然而当今科技世界的格局悄然发生了改变,中国正在成为全球科技标准的制定者甚至是领导者,更多的中国优秀企业如华为、小米、京东方等和中国科学院等机构逐渐参与了全球标准的制定,在量子计算、5G和6G领域,中国甚至规则制定的主导。前段时间西方搞的一些小九九,恐怕是他们开始焦虑emo的表现吧,下面摘取了The Economist最新一期发表的文章,看看西方佬是如何开始焦虑的,哈哈😄

Para.1

How such rules are set is a mystery to most people. Global bodies such as the International Organisationfor Standardisation(ISO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) periodically convene companies and technology wonks to thrash out agreements. For decades that process has been dominated by America, Germany and Japan, whose companies have benefited handsomely from the system. IBM, an American computing firm that holds over 100,000 patents, earned a handy $366m last year from licensing its intellectual property. Qualcomm, an American semiconductor firm whose technology is ubiquitous in wireless devices, makes around a quarter of its gross profit from licensing.


convene:[kənˈviːn]

v. 召集,集合

gather,assemble,也有召集、集合之意。但是有细微区别,assemble侧重有组织的召集,如assemble army召集军队,而gather不强调有组织性,平时的聚会集会就可以用gather,convene则用于正式的场合,用于召集开会。


wonk:[wɑŋk]

n. 书呆子,一味苦干的人

还有一个同义词大家还记得吗?nerd,这两词意思基本一致


Thrash out:经反复讨论制订出(计划、协议),商讨解决


handsomely: ['hænsəmlɪ]

adv. 慷慨地,大方地

Handsome:英俊的,大方的,数量大的。handsome我们常用的是“英俊的”,要知道handsome也有”大方的、大量的”,就很容易理解have benefited handsomely.的意思了


handy:[ˈhændi]

adj. 容易做到的,便利的


ubiquitous:[juːˈbɪkwɪtəs]

adj. 无所不在的/普遍存在的

common:普遍存在的,平常的,普通的;如普通人可以用common people。

universal:普遍的,普遍存在的,全世界的。


Para.2

Governments have long recognised the value in setting standards. Britain and Germany once tussled over the specifications for telegrams. Today the battle over standards is between China and the West. At stake is the future of technologies ranging from wireless communication to quantum computing and artificial intelligence (AI).


tussle:[ˈtʌsəl]

v/n. 争斗,搏斗

Britain and Germany once tussled over the specifications for telegrams.英国德国曾为了电信规格标准而争斗。

争斗、搏斗的词还有struggle,contend,wrestle等


At stake:濒临险境,处于成败关头

指中西方最后的角逐在无线通讯、量子计算、人工智能等领域.

Now my fate is at stake. 现在是我命运的关键时刻.



Quantum computing:量子计算


Para.3
In recent years China has been growing more assertive in the standard-setting process. Last month the ITU approved three new technical standards that will be embedded in sixth-generation (6G) mobile technology. The rules relate to how networks integrate AI and produce immersive experiences in areas such as virtual reality. They were developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), which is controlled by the central government, and China Telecom, a state-owned firm.

assertive:[əˈsɜːrtɪv]

adj. 观点明确的,坚决自信的,果敢的

In recent years China has been growing more assertive in the standard-setting process. 

has been doing:现在完成进行时,一直在……。最近几年中国在标准制定中越来越来自信,或越来越有主张。


Immersive experience:沉浸式体验


Chinese Academy of Sciences:中国科学院

Academy:学院,研究院


Para.4
Despite the efforts of America’s government to keep Chinese equipment out of mobile networks in as many countries as possible, wireless technology has continued to become steadily more Chinese. Thanks in part to the uptake of its standards abroad, Huawei, a Chinese maker of telecom gear, has made more money since 2021 licensing its technology to companies than it has paid them for theirs.

uptake:[ˈʌpˌtek]

v. 吸收,利用,使用,作动词

intake:摄入,吸收,作名词。

absorb:吸收,吸引,理解,作动词

Thanks in part to the uptake of its standards abroad。部分归功于其标准在国外的使用。in part 为插入语。


Telecom gear:电信设备

Gear:齿轮,设备



Para.5
China’s growing role in standard-setting extends well beyond mobile networks. Chinese companies such as Xiaomi, a maker of smartphones, and BOE Technology, the world’s biggest producer of LED screens, also appear to be benefiting from royalties linked to technical standards. Hikvision, a Chinese maker of surveillance technology backed by China’s government (and blacklisted in America), has been increasingly involved in standard-setting. China has even been playing a leading role in shaping early global standards for quantum technology.

BOE Technology:京东方科技


royalty:[ˈrɔɪəlti]

n. 版税,王位,王权

版税,royalty的熟词生义,特殊用法。


Hikvision:海康威视


surveillance:[sɜːrˈveɪləns]

n. 监控,监视


shapen. 形状;v. 设计,塑造,制定

本文篇幅比较长,只摘取了其中的一部分。全篇文章可以订阅订阅我们外刊VIP,查看The Economist

记得回顾上期文章哦!

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外刊阅读38期|NASA is selling a brand-new Moon rover

外刊阅读37期|Why the Federal Reserve has gambled on a big interest-rate cut?


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