美国《反犹太主义意识法案》中英文

时事   2024-10-24 10:04   贵州  

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前言

2024年5月1日,美国众议院以320比91票通过了《反犹太主义意识法案》,以打击美国大学校园所谓反犹行为。

注意关键信息,首先这部法案的宗旨是“反对‘反犹’”,其次,反对的甚至不是反犹行为,而是连拥有反犹的意识都不行。


该法案采用了国际大屠杀纪念联盟(IHRA)定义的反犹标准,其列出的11种当代反犹主义行为是:


1)以激进意识形态或极端宗教观的名义呼吁、协助或为杀害或伤害犹太人辩护。


2)对犹太人本身或犹太人作为集体的权力做出虚假、非人性、妖魔化或陈规定型的指控,例如,特别但不限于关于世界犹太人阴谋或犹太人控制媒体、经济、政府或其他社会的神话机构。


3)指责犹太人作为一个民族对单个犹太人或群体所犯下的真实或想象的不当行为负责,甚至对非犹太人所犯下的行为负责。


4)否认二战期间国家社会主义德国及其支持者和同谋对犹太人进行种族灭绝的事实、范围、机制(例如毒气室)或故意性(大屠杀)


5)指责犹太人作为一个民族,或以色列作为一个国家,发明或夸大了大屠杀。


6)指责犹太公民更忠于以色列,或者更忠于全世界犹太人所谓的优先事项,而不是他们自己国家的利益。


7)否认犹太人民的自决权,例如声称以色列国的存在是种族主义行为。


8)采用双重标准,要求其采取任何其他民主国家都没有期望或要求的行为。


9)使用与经典反犹太主义相关的符号和图像(例如,犹太人杀害耶稣的说法或血腥诽谤)来描述以色列或以色列人。


10)将当代以色列的政策与纳粹的政策进行比较。


11)让犹太人对以色列国的行为集体负责。


就这11条,虽然不多,却是刀刀致命。


当然,人家美国人愿意,外人无话可说。


H.R.6090 - Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023

AN ACT


To provide for the consideration of a definition of antisemitism set forth by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance for the enforcement of Federal antidiscrimination laws concerning education programs or activities, and for other purposes.


Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.


This Act may be cited as the “Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023”.


SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.


It is the sense of Congress that—


(1) title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.), prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance;


(2) while such title does not cover discrimination based solely on religion, individuals who face discrimination based on actual or perceived shared ancestry or ethnic characteristics do not lose protection under such title for also being members of a group that share a common religion;


(3) discrimination against Jews may give rise to a violation of such title when the discrimination is based on race, color, or national origin, which can include discrimination based on actual or perceived shared ancestry or ethnic characteristics;


(4) it is the policy of the United States to enforce such title against prohibited forms of discrimination rooted in antisemitism as vigorously as against all other forms of discrimination prohibited by such title; and


(5) as noted in the U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism issued by the White House on May 25, 2023, it is critical to—


(A) increase awareness and understanding of antisemitism, including its threat to America;


(B) improve safety and security for Jewish communities;


(C) reverse the normalization of antisemitism and counter antisemitic discrimination; and


(D) expand communication and collaboration between communities.


SEC. 3. FINDINGS.


Congress finds the following:


(1) Antisemitism is on the rise in the United States and is impacting Jewish students in K–12 schools, colleges, and universities.


(2) The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (referred to in this Act as the “IHRA”) Working Definition of Antisemitism is a vital tool which helps individuals understand and identify the various manifestations of antisemitism.


(3) On December 11, 2019, Executive Order 13899 extended protections against discrimination under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to individuals subjected to antisemitism on college and university campuses and tasked Federal agencies to consider the IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism when enforcing title VI of such Act.


(4) Since 2018, the Department of Education has used the IHRA Working Definition of Antisemitism when investigating violations of that title VI.


(5) The use of alternative definitions of antisemitism impairs enforcement efforts by adding multiple standards and may fail to identify many of the modern manifestations of antisemitism.


(6) The White House released the first-ever United States National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism on May 25, 2023, making clear that the fight against this hate is a national, bipartisan priority that must be successfully conducted through a whole-of-government-and-society approach.


SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.


For purposes of this Act, the term “definition of antisemitism”—


(1) means the definition of antisemitism adopted on May 26, 2016, by the IHRA, of which the United States is a member, which definition has been adopted by the Department of State; and


(2) includes the “[c]ontemporary examples of antisemitism” identified in the IHRA definition.


SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION FOR TITLE VI OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964.


In reviewing, investigating, or deciding whether there has been a violation of title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) on the basis of race, color, or national origin, based on an individual’s actual or perceived shared Jewish ancestry or Jewish ethnic characteristics, the Department of Education shall take into consideration the definition of antisemitism as part of the Department’s assessment of whether the practice was motivated by antisemitic intent.


SEC. 6. OTHER RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.


(a) General Rule Of Construction.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed—


(1) to expand the authority of the Secretary of Education;


(2) to alter the standards pursuant to which the Department of Education makes a determination that harassing conduct amounts to actionable discrimination; or


(3) to diminish or infringe upon the rights protected under any other provision of law that is in effect as of the date of enactment of this Act.


(b) Constitutional Protections.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed to diminish or infringe upon any right protected under the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.


Passed the House of Representatives May 1, 2024.


Attest:按照这个《反犹太主义意识法案》,以后的美国公民就会喜提反犹“文字狱”大礼包:


1.不许调侃犹太人是美国的人上人,不许妖魔化觉得犹太人控制了美国的政府、经济、媒体。


2.不许污蔑是犹太人杀害了耶稣,犹大的个人行为不许上纲上线,针对所有犹太人。


3.不许批评以色列在中东搞种族灭绝,因为这样是反犹。


4.不许说犹太人更忠诚于犹太人群体,而非所在国,因为这样也是反犹。


5.美国基督徒们,你们的《圣经》违法了,因为《新约》里面不利于犹太人形象的宗教神话故事,统统反犹。


总结一下,犹太人在现实世界里做了什么,你讲出来,是反犹;犹太人在宗教神话里做过什么,你引述出来,还是反犹。


还有更恶心的一点,看到最上面那个“包括但不限于”了吗?等于这个法案还拥有几乎无限大的涵盖范围……


法案规定的内容是反犹,法案没规定的内容,只要认为你在反犹,那你就是在反犹。


这完全就是一道“莫须有”的罪名,可以打着这个幌子,想抓谁就抓谁。等这项法案正式生效,一大串冤假错案怕是少不了了。


如此“欲加之罪何患无辞”的社会氛围下,堂堂灯塔国的国民对于反犹话题,恐怕要静若寒蝉了。


但防民之口甚于防川,90多年前,一个奥地利的落榜美术生曾说过,“我们的媒体被禁了又禁,我们的集会被禁止,我们不能说话,我也不能说话,这种情况持续了好多年!”


彼时彼刻,恰如,此时此刻!



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