当地时间1月23日，特朗普签发了其第二任期第一道人工智能行政令。在之前的1月20日，他废除了拜登政府2023年签发的《安全、可靠和可信地开发和使用人工智能》行政令。
特朗普签发新的人工智能行政令：消除美国在人工智能领域领导地位的障碍
美国总统唐纳德-特朗普当地时间1月23日签署了一项关于人工智能的行政命令，将废除其命令中所说的"阻碍美国人工智能创新"的过去政府政策。为了保持人工智能技术的全球领先地位，"我们必须开发没有意识形态偏见或被设计的社会议程的人工智能系统，"该行政令指出。![]()
新行政令没有明确哪些现行政策阻碍了人工智能的发展，但规定要追踪和审查"所有政策、指令、法规、命令和其他行动"，这些政策、指令、法规、命令和行动是前总统拜登在2023年发布的全面人工智能行政命令的结果，特朗普在1月20日已经废除了拜登该项行政令。特朗普政府表示，拜登的行政命令"为开发和部署人工智能的公司制定了不必要的繁琐要求，这将扼杀私营部门的创新，威胁美国的技术领先地位"。特朗普的命令还要求在 180 天内制定一项人工智能行动计划。由几乎整个白宫科技官员团队领导这项工作，包括总统科学技术助理（APST）、人工智能和加密特别顾问、总统国家安全事务助理（APNSA）、总统经济政策助理、总统国内政策助理以及管理和预算办公室主任等。消除美国在人工智能领域领导地位的障碍
依据美利坚合众国宪法及法律赋予我的总统权力，特此命令如下：第 1 节 目的
美国长期以来一直处于人工智能 (AI) 创新的前沿，这得益于我们的自由市场、世界一流的研究机构和企业家精神。为了保持这种领导地位，我们必须开发不受意识形态偏见或人为社会议程影响的人工智能系统。有了正确的政府政策，我们可以巩固我们在人工智能领域的全球领导者地位，并为所有美国人确保一个更加光明的未来。这项命令废除了某些阻碍美国人工智能创新的现有人工智能政策和指令，为美国果断采取行动保持人工智能领域的全球领导地位扫清了道路。美国的政策是维持和加强美国在全球人工智能领域的领导地位，以促进人类繁荣、经济竞争力和国家安全。就本命令而言，“人工智能”或“AI”具有 15 U.S.C. 9401(3)中规定的含义。(a) 本命令发布后 180 天内，总统科学技术助理（APST）、人工智能和加密特别顾问以及总统国家安全事务助理（APNSA），应协同总统经济政策助理、总统国内政策助理、管理和预算办公室主任（OMB 主任）以及 APST 和 APNSA 认为相关的行政部门和机构（机构）负责人，制定并向总统提交一份行动计划，以实现本命令第 2 节规定的政策。(a) APST、人工智能与加密特别顾问及 APNSA 应立即协同所有相关机构负责人，审查依据 2023 年 10 月 30 日撤销的第 14110 号行政命令（《安全、可靠及可信赖的人工智能开发与使用》）所采取的所有政策、指令、法规、命令及其他行动。APST、人工智能与加密特别顾问及 APNSA 应协同相关机构负责人，识别依据第 14110 号行政命令采取的任何与本命令第 2 节所述政策不一致或可能构成障碍的行动。对于识别出的此类机构行动，各机构负责人应根据适用法律酌情暂停、修改或撤销这些行动，或提议暂停、修改或撤销这些行动。如果在任何情况下此类暂停、修改或撤销无法立即完成，APST 及各机构负责人应立即采取措施，根据适用法律，提供所有此类命令、规则、法规、指南或政策授权的所有可用豁免，直至此类行动得以完成。(b) 在本命令发布后 60 天内，OMB主任应协同APST，根据需要修订 OMB 备忘录 M-24-10 和 M-24-18，以使其与本命令第 2 节规定的政策保持一致。(a) 本命令中的任何内容不得解释为损害或以其他方式影响：(i) 法律授予行政部门或机构或其负责人的权力；或(ii) 管理和预算办公室主任有关预算、行政或立法提案的职能。(b) 本命令的实施应符合适用法律并以拨款情况为准。(c) 本命令无意且并未创设任何可由任何一方在法律或衡平法上对美利坚合众国、其各部门、机构或实体、其官员、雇员或代理人，或任何其他人强制执行的权利或利益，无论是实质性的还是程序性的。白宫，
2025 年 1 月 23 日。
REMOVING BARRIERS TO AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
EXECUTIVE ORDER
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows:Section 1. Purpose. The United States has long been at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, driven by the strength of our free markets, world-class research institutions, and entrepreneurial spirit. To maintain this leadership, we must develop AI systems that are free from ideological bias or engineered social agendas. With the right Government policies, we can solidify our position as the global leader in AI and secure a brighter future for all Americans.
This order revokes certain existing AI policies and directives that act as barriers to American AI innovation, clearing a path for the United States to act decisively to retain global leadership in artificial intelligence.Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance America’s global AI dominance in order to promote human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security.Sec. 3. Definition. For the purposes of this order, “artificial intelligence” or “AI” has the meaning set forth in 15 U.S.C. 9401(3).Sec. 4. Developing an Artificial Intelligence Action Plan. (a) Within 180 days of this order, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (APST), the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (APNSA), in coordination with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB Director), and the heads of such executive departments and agencies (agencies) as the APST and APNSA deem relevant, shall develop and submit to the President an action plan to achieve the policy set forth in section 2 of this order.Sec. 5. Implementation of Order Revocation. (a) The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall immediately review, in coordination with the heads of all agencies as they deem relevant, all policies, directives, regulations, orders, and other actions taken pursuant to the revoked Executive Order 14110 of October 30, 2023 (Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence). The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall, in coordination with the heads of relevant agencies, identify any actions taken pursuant to Executive Order 14110 that are or may be inconsistent with, or present obstacles to, the policy set forth in section 2 of this order. For any such agency actions identified, the heads of agencies shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, suspend, revise, or rescind such actions, or propose suspending, revising, or rescinding such actions. If in any case such suspension, revision, or rescission cannot be finalized immediately, the APST and the heads of agencies shall promptly take steps to provide all available exemptions authorized by any such orders, rules, regulations, guidelines, or policies, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, until such action can be finalized.(b) Within 60 days of this order, the OMB Director, in coordination with the APST, shall revise OMB Memoranda M-24-10 and M-24-18 as necessary to make them consistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order.Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.THE WHITE HOUSE,
January 23, 2025.
