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The Complex Causes of Endometriosis
子宫内膜异位症的复杂病因
In preparation for ovulation, the lining of the uterus or endometrium thickens. If fertilization does not occur, the uterus sheds its lining through the vagina. This is known as menstruation.
准备排卵前，子宫内膜增厚。如果没有受精，子宫内膜将脱落，通过阴道排出。这就是所谓的月经。
In endometriosis, the endometrium grows outside of the uterus. One cause of this growth may be retrograde menstruation.
子宫内膜异位时，子宫内膜在子宫外生长。这种增生的一个原因是经血逆流。
During retrograde menstruation, menstrual fluid flows backward into the fallopian tubes, instead of leaving the body through the vagina, because the fallopian tubes are open-ended menstrual back flow can spill into the pelvic cavity.
经血逆流期间，经血液体流回输卵管，而不是通过阴道排出体外，因为输卵管是开放的，经血逆流涌进盆腔。
Backflow of menstrual fluid may promote the transfer of clumped endometrial cells to other tissues in the pelvis, or menstrual fluid in the pelvic cavity could transform parts of those tissues into endometrial cells.
月经液体回流可能促进成簇的子宫内膜细胞迁移到盆腔内的其他组织，或盆腔内的月经液体可能将这些组织的一部分转化为子宫内膜细胞。
In either process, clumps of endometrium may start to grow on the tissues lining your pelvic cavity, as well as on your fallopian tubes, ovaries, and large intestine.
在以上任一过程中，子宫内膜团块可能开始在盆腔内壁的组织上生长，也可能在输卵管、卵巢和大肠上生长。
This growth continues to act as it normally would during a menstrual cycle. It thickens, breaks down, and bleeds each month. Because there's nowhere for the blood from this displaced tissue to exit your body it becomes trapped.
在月经周期期间，这种增生继续正常发展。它每个月都会增厚、分解和出血。因为这些异位组织的血液无法排出体外，它将被滞留在体内。
Trapped blood may lead to cysts, scar tissue, and adhesions, abnormal tissue that binds organs together.
滞留的血液可能会导致囊肿、疤痕组织和粘连，即异常组织将器官黏在一起。
Scarring from endometriosis can block your fallopian tubes, block tubes may keep sperm cells from reaching and fertilizing the egg, causing fertility problems.
子宫内膜异位造成的疤痕组织会堵塞输卵管，阻碍精细胞与卵子结合，不能使卵子受精，从而引起生育问题。
The menstrual fluid could alter some types of cells in the pelvic cavity to change their structure or clumps of endometrial tissue contained in the menstrual fluid could stick to the tissues it lands on and starts to grow.
经血液体可能改变盆腔内的某些细胞，导致它们的结构改变，或者经血液体中的子宫内膜组织团块粘附在脱落到的组织上，并开始增生。
In either case, this may be a factor in causing endometriosis.
这两种情况中的任一种都可能是导致子宫内膜异位症的因素。
Endometriosis
Menstruation
